Year 8 Winter Exam Flashcards
What does it mean to follow?
We all follow someone…. even if we don’t realise, even if we don’t want to!
Think of social media-Facebook and especially Twitter!
What are people who follow Jesus called?
Christians
What do christians believe?
The believe Jesus is the son of God, their promised leader
What do christians read about?
Christians read about the life of Jesus in the four Gospels
What are the four Gospels?
Mark, Mathew, Luke and John
In the New Testament what are Christians waiting for?
Jesus to return; this event is known as the second coming
What were the first followers of Jesus called?
Disciples
What does the world say Jesus is?
The son of God, a deranged lunatic, phantasmal (made up), just another prophet (Muslims say this), a ‘good’ man
Who do you say Jesus is?
A historical figure, teacher, Christians believing God
What is Christianity?
Christianity is a faith that began two thousand years ago when the Romans were the most powerful empire in the world.
Explain who Caesar Augustus was?
Emperor when Rome was founded (established)
Explain who Herod the Great was?
Herod the Great - ‘puppet King’ - controlled by the Romans. Half Jewish
Explain who Herod Antipas was?
Out of Herod the Great’s favourite sons- ruled Galilee and Perea
Explain who Herod Archaleus was?
One of Herod the Great’s favourite sons- ruled Judea and Samaria. Deposed- taken from ruling power
Explain who Philip the Tetrarach was?
One of Herod the Great’s favourite sons- ruled Trachonitis and Iturea
Explain who Pontus Pilate was?
Roman Governor (procurator), sorted taxes, kept the peace, sentenced criminals to death
Explain how the Jews viewed Herod the Great?
Controlled by the Romans. Half Jewish
How did Herod’s three sons have ‘mixed fortunes’?
Antipas and Philip ruled well- Archaleus was cruel, corrupt and incompetent
Explain the role of Pontius Pilate?
Roman Governor (procurator), sorted taxes, kept the peace, sentenced criminals to death
Name four different Christian denominations?
Presbyterian, Methodist, Baptist, Roman Catholic
Give three facts for the sadducees?
Most sudducees came from the upper, wealthy class in society. They only read the first five books of the Torah or Jewish bible (Genises, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers and Deuterononomy). They didn’t believe in angels of spirits or in a resurrection of the dead.
What are the Jewish religious groups?
Sadducees, Pharisees, Scribes, Essenes, Zealots
Give three facts for the Pharisees?
The name ‘Pharisee’ means ‘separated one’. They thought they were better than other people. Unlike the Sadducees, the Pharisees did believe in angels, spirits and a resurrection.
Give two facts for the scribes?
The scribes were lawyers of the day. Originally they had been responsible for copying out the Jewish bible (by hand!).
Give two facts for the Essenes?
The Essenes were very like the Pharisees only much stricter. They built a ‘monastery’ on the shores of the Dead Sea where they practiced their religion.
Give two facts for the Zealots?
We would call them ‘paramilitary organisation’. Many of them formed bands and lived rough in the hillside. They hated the Romans.
Who founded Judaism?
Abraham
Where does a Jew worship (building)?
Synagogue
Give seven benefits/advantages of Roman Rule?
Calendar-Jan/Feb, straight/flat/cemented roads (all roads lead to Rome), central heating-to keep us warm on cold days, concrete-to cover large areas/roads etc, flushing toilets and sewers, public baths-bath houses, strong army/military advantages (unity).
Give seven disadvantages of Roman Rule?
Loss of freedom-Roman’s heavy handed, awful lot of new technology and foods, subservience, perversions, slavery, heavy taxes (extras).
What are all the Christianity denominations?
Presbyterian, Church of Ireland, Roman Catholic, Baptist, Methodist, Non-denominational, Church=vineyard, Brethren=Gospel Hall.
What is the difference between Catholic and Roman Catholic?
Catholic means universal = all Christians, but Roman Catholics are those Christians who look to Rome for guidance, especially to the Pope, in the Vatican City, Rome.
Where is the best source of information about the person of Jesus to be found?
Bible, New Testament, Gospels (good news)
Name the four Gospels?
Mathew, Mark, Luke and John (unique)
What do you need to understand by the term ‘non-Christian’?
They don’t believe/follow Jesus
Name the Roman historian who wrote about Jesus in his work?
Tacitus
Who was Josephus?
Jewish historian who mentions Jesus Christ
What is the Talmud?
Collection of Jewish writings
Who does Tacitus say executed/crucified Jesus?
Pontius Pilate
What do you think are the ‘strange deeds’ (of Jesus) that Josephus mentions in his writings?
Miracles
How do you think Jesus might have ‘led people astray’ (as recorded in the Talmud?
He led them away from Jewish law
Can you imagine what might have happened to stories and information from the time of Jesus if it hadn’t been recorded by these sources?
Information may have been changed-been added to, taken away, exaggerated
Who do christians believe Jesus is?
The son of God/ founder of faith
What does BC and AD mean?
BC = before Christ AD = Anno Domini (in the year of our lord)
Where do we source (find out) most of the information we know about Jesus and his work?
The Four Gospels, Bible, New Testament
Define the term Gospel?
Good News
If you read the Gospels- what might you find out about Jesus?
The Savior’s birth, deeds, his teaching and above all his death and resurrection
Create a mini fact file, with three facts, about Mathew?
- One day he was sitting in his office when Jesus walked by and called him to be one of his followers.
- Was a tax collector who lived in the seaside town of Capernaum.
- As a tax collector Mathew was used to keeping accurate records.
Create a mini fact file, with three facts, about Luke?
- He never personally met Jesus but he did meet many who knew Jesus, including his brother.
- As a doctor Luke was used to investigating things carefully.
- Was a doctor from Greece
Create a mini fact file, with three facts, about Mark?
- He was just a teenager at the time of Jesus’ death but his mothers house was used by Jesus when he stayed in Jerusalem.
- Was not one of Jesus’ twelve disciples.
- Mark was a close friend of Peter and got most of his information from him.
Create a mini fact file, with three facts, about John?
- Was a fisherman along with his brother James.
- He was a very close friend of Jesus.
- Was with Jesus right to the end
Where can the story of the birth of Jesus be found?
The story of the birth of Jesus can be found in the New Testament in two of the Synoptic Gospels
Which Gospel is the only one which does not include the birth narrative (story) of Jesus?
Mark
In which two Gospels might you find the birth narrative of Jesus?
Mathew and Luke
Who did Mary see a vision of?
Angel Gabriel
Suggest any two facts told to Mary by her visitor about her son?
‘Son’, ‘great’, ‘son of God’
What did the angel tell Joseph?
Mary would have a son/Jesus/Savoir/ do not divorce
What does the name Jesus translate to mean?
Savoir
What had the Old Testament foretold (predicted/prophesied)?
A virgin would give birth to a son/known as Immanuel
Explain the birth of Jesus?
Mary was told that she would give birth to the son of God. Joseph considered divorcing Mary, but it was by the power of the Holy Spirit that she was pregnant. They set off on their long trip from Nazareth to Bethlehem, around 80 miles! Once they arrived at the inn there was no more room, but there was a stable free and that was better than nothing. Jesus was born and the news had been spread by angels to shepherds. They left straight away and also the Magi did so too and followed a bright star which the believed heralded the birth of a new king and they had come to pay their respects to him. The Magi brought Jesus gifts of gold, frankincense and Myrrh. Mary and Joseph were so pleased with the gold and frankincense, but when she heard about the Myrrh she was so frightened for her child. They agreed to flee Bethlehem before Herod got hold of their child and maybe them too. Herod ordered his soldiers and o slaughter all the children in Bethlehem aged 2 and under, that way he was sure to get the new king. They remained in Egypt until Herod died, but left when his son Archaleus was crowned king because they were scared. They moved back to their original village of Nazareth where Jesus grew up.
How did Jesus spend the money he earned in his father’s carpenter business?
To provide food for his family- he was the eldest
Why did Jesus have the responsibility to look after and provide for his family?
His earthly father (Joseph) had died. Jesus was the eldest sibling
What did Jesus wonder about when he was 30 years old?
When would God have him begin his work on earth- his ministry
Why do you think john was described as a traveller?
He had no home- his folks had died
Why did John baptise people in the River Jordan?
John was telling/encouraging people to ‘get ready’, prepare for Jesus’ coming
What was the name of John the Baptist?
John the Baptist- ‘Gift of God’
Who were John’s family members?
Zechariah and Elizabeth, 2nd cousin Jesus
What was John’s relationship to Jesus?
2nd cousin
Where was John’s place of work?
On the banks of the River Jordan and in it too
What was John’s occupation?
A forerunner, baptiser, preacher (forerunner for Jesus), prophet. Near the desert.
What was John’s clothing/attire?
A tunic made of camel skin with a leather belt around his waist
What were John’s food choices?
Locusts and wild honey
What were John’s famous sayings
‘Repent (be sorry) for te Kingdom of heaven is near’ and ‘Jesus is coming’
Who were in attendance during the baptism of Jesus?
Father, son and Holy Spirit (trinity)
Who was the father and what did he say?
Father-voice from heaven said: ‘This is my son, whom I love, with him I am well pleased’.
Where did the baptism of Jesus take place?
In the River Jordan
Who did Jesus get baptised by?
John the Baptist
Who and where was the son during the baptism of Jesus?
Son-in water (Jesus)
What and where was the Holy Spirit during the baptism of Jesus?
Holy Spirit- in form of a dove- ‘alighted’ on Jesus
What lies at the heart of the Jewish religion?
Temple
Where is the temple situated in Jerusalem?
North East corner of Jerusalem
Who ‘enlarged and beautified’ the original temple?
Herod the Great
Why did normal Jews think the Temple was very important?
It was the house of God
Explain the first and second sections within the temple
First section- the Holy place: table for holy bread, 7 branched candle stick, golden alter for incense. All ordinary priests could go here.
Second section- the holy of holies: covered with curtain, only High Priest allowed to enter. Contained art of covenant. Only entered on Day of Antonement.
What was the name of the special item which held The Ten Commandments?
Arc of Covenant
Why was a huge brown basin positioned in front of the temple?
For priests to wash their hands
Name the courtyards in the temple?
Gentiles, women, Israel, priests
Describe the courtyard in the temple called the gentiles?
Non Jews could enter. Outer most court. Death if you go beyond
Describe the courtyard in the temple called the women?
Only Jewish woman could worship there
Describe the courtyard in the temple called the Israel?
Only Jewish men permitted to worship there
Describe the courtyard in the temple called the priests?
For priests/ then came the temple it self
Who was the head of the Jewish religion?
High Priest
What was the name of the group of men who supported the high priest?
Sanhedrin (71 men)
Give some information on the Synagogue?
One in every town (in Bible times), one in every city today. Jews worship in a synagogue (also a school for boys). There must be 10 men (Jewish) present in the synagogue for a ‘service’ to take place. Women don’t count.
Who tempted Jesus?
Devil/Satan
Give three examples of a temptation, Jesus’ reply and the meaning?
- Stones to bread/man shall not live by bread alone, but by every word that proceeds from the mouth of God/Man needs physical and spiritual food.
- Throw self off temple-angel save/You must not test the lord your God/Don’t bargain (or make a compromise) with God!
- Worship Satan gain all nations of world/Worship only one God/Nothing should come before God-he is number 1!
Give two reasons why Jesus went into the wilderness?
To find out what God wanted him to do.
To be alone/clear his mind
What detail did Jesus share with his disciples about his time in the wilderness?
What happened to him in those 40 days
What do you understand by the word temptation? Is it a sin?
It is not a sin, it is the desire/’drag’ to do something you know is wrong. Not sinful, as Jesus was tempted. It is only a sin if you do it.
What are ‘hunger pangs’?
Starvation
Give an example of how people ‘test’ God?
Save my granny, I will go back to church
Where did the third temptation take place?
On the highest point of a mountain in the wilderness
How is Jesus described when he overcomes he devil in his final temptation?
A weak and starving carpenter
