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Year 8 Geography > Year 8 Term 3 - Trees > Flashcards

Year 8 Term 3 - Trees Flashcards

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1
Q

What conditions do trees need to grow?

A

Sunlight
Water

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2
Q

What is sunlight needed for in trees?

A

Photosynthesis

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3
Q

What are the two main types of trees?

A

Coniferous
Deciduous

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4
Q

What does coniferous mean?

A

Cone bearing

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5
Q

What are the most common types of coniferous tree?

A

Spruce
Pine
Fir

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6
Q

What are the main characteristics of a coniferous tree?

A

Conical shape
Needle shaped leaves
Dark colour
Woody cones
Grows close together
Ever-green

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7
Q

Why are coniferous trees conical shaped?

A

Allows snow to fall off and not break the branches

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8
Q

Why are coniferous tree’s leaves needle shapes?

A

Allows moisture to fall off.

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9
Q

What is a dark colour in a coniferous tree needed for?

A

Allows little light to go through it.

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10
Q

What are the woody cones in coniferous trees needed for?

A

Protects the seeds.

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11
Q

Why do coniferous trees grow close together?

A

To protect from the wind and cold.

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12
Q

Why do leaves remain all year on coniferous trees?

A

So that they do not have to spend energy on growing new ones during the short growing season

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13
Q

How have coniferous trees adapted for snow?

A

Conical shape allows snow to slide off.

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14
Q

How have coniferous trees adapted for cold?

A

Short growing season.

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15
Q

How have coniferous trees adapted for long winter?

A

Low light levels

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16
Q

How have coniferous trees adapted for cold?

A

Grow close together.

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17
Q

How have coniferous trees adapted for dryness?

A

Reduce moisture loss.

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18
Q

Where are coniferous forest found?

A

Northern parts of North America, Scandinavia and Russia.

Between 50 and 70 decrees North.

They are found in Alaska, Canada, Sweden, Norway, Finland, Estonia, Latvia and Russia

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19
Q

What is a deciduous tree?

A

A tree that lose the leaves

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20
Q

What are the main characteristic of a Coniferous trees?

A

Thick bark
Lose leaves
Broad canopy
long growing seasons

21
Q

Why do coniferous trees need thick barks?

A

To protect against cold winter.

22
Q

Why do coniferous trees need lose leaves?

A

To conserve energy.

23
Q

Why do coniferous trees need broad canopy’s?

A

As much sunlight as possible.

24
Q

Why do coniferous trees need long growing seasons?

A

To regrow their leaves each year.

25
Q

How have Deciduous forests adapted for seasonal changes?

A

Loses leaves in the winter.

26
Q

How have Deciduous forests adapted long summers?

A

Long growing seasons

27
Q

How have Deciduous forests adapted for winters?

A

Thick Barks.

28
Q

What do climate zones follow?

A

The lines of latitude

29
Q

Why are climate zones affected by the lines of latitude?

A

Because the lines of latitude mean the amount of sunlight a place recieves.

30
Q

What is the sunlight like at the North pole?

A

The sunlight strikes Earth at a shallow angle and spreads over a larger area so that its energy is diffuse.

31
Q

What is the sunlight like as the Equator?

A

The sunlight strikes Earth at a steep angle, delivering mor heat and light per unit area.

32
Q

What is the sunlight like toward the South Pole?

A

Thee more sunlight also is reflected by the atmosphere and Earth’s Surface when it strikes at a shallow angle.

33
Q

What is Solar radiation?

A

Solar radiation (insolation) varies according to latitude. The equator receives intense sunlight as the sun’s rays are concentrated and the sun is at a high angle in the sky. The amount of solar insolation decreases towards the north and south. At the poles no insolation is received during their winter months as they are pointed away from the sun due to the 23.5° tilt of the Earth.

34
Q

What is a Mangrove?

A

Trees that grow in the tropics in salt water.

35
Q

What is a Tropical rainforest?

A

Intense solar radiation due to sun high overhead all year round. Intense heating leads to convectional rainfall.

36
Q

What is a Closed Savanna?

A

Hot climate due to latitude
Low rainfall due to high pressure

37
Q

What is a Open Savanna?

A

Hot climate due to latitude
Low rainfall due to high pressure

38
Q

What is a Deciduous forest?

A

Mild winters
Warm Summers

39
Q

What is a Coniferous Forest like?

A

Cold winters
Short summers

40
Q

What is a tropical climate like?

A

Hot and wet due to intense insolation and convectional rainfall.

41
Q

What is the Tree type in tropical climates?

A

Rainforests and mangroves

42
Q

What is the Sub-tropical climate like?

A

Wet and dry seasons.
Hot all year round.

43
Q

What is the tree types in a Sub-tropical climate?

A

Acacia (evergreen) and baobab (deciduous) trees that can store water.

44
Q

What is the description of a Temperate climate like?

A

Mild winters, warm summers.

45
Q

What are the trees like in a temperate forest?

A

Deciduous trees
such as
oaks
beech

46
Q

What is the climate like in Polar climates?

A

Cold Winters with a short summer growing season.

47
Q

What is a sub polar climate like?

A

Cold winters with a short summer growing season.

48
Q

What are the trees like in Polar climate?

A

Coniferous trees
such as
pine
firs

Year 8 Geography (4 decks)

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