Year 8 Term 1 - Coasts + The Making Of Britain Flashcards

Question

What is the wavelenght?

Answer 1

The distance from the crest to the next crest.

Answer 2

The vertical distance from the crest of a wave to the trough of the wave

Answer 3

-waves break in shallow water -there is more friction between between the sea and seabed -top of wave collapses as there is no friction on the top

Answer 4

Go along the corridor, and up the stairs.

Answer 5

They are the horizontal lines on a map.

Answer 6

They are the vertical lines on a map.

Answer 7

The two letter code at the bottom of the map. E.g. SX

Answer 8

first 2 - how many along second 2 - how many up

Answer 9

1st & 2nd - how many along 3rd - how many tenths along 4th & 5th - how many up 6th - how many tenth up

Answer 10

A series of actions or steps taken to achieve an end.

Answer 11

The wearing away of something by different processes.

Answer 12

Hydraulic action Abrasion Attrition Solution

Answer 13

Where waves enter cracks in rocks, air is compressed by the force of the water causing erosion and forming features such as blowholes.

Answer 14

The grinding away of rock by other rock particles carried in water, ice, or wind. Like sandpaper.

Answer 15

A mixture that forms when one substance dissolves another.

Answer 16

Where rocks are bashed against each other and eventually form round rocks.

Answer 17

The effect of rocks being flung at the cliff by powerful waves.

Answer 18

Traction Saltation Suspension Solution

Answer 19

Carrying small particles in the water.

Answer 20

Minerals and salts dissolved in the water.

Answer 21

Rolling larger boulders along the sea bed.

Answer 22

Bouncing smaller rocks along in a leap frog action.

Answer 23

Happens when water slows down and waves lose energy.

Answer 24

slate marble quartzite gneiss

Answer 25

granite basalt obsidian pumice

Answer 26

sandstone shale limestone chalk

Answer 27

A part of the shore that sticks out into the ocean. Hard rock on the coastline that is surrounded by soft rock which had been eroded.

Answer 28

Indent in the coastline.

Answer 29

When softer rocks are eroded at a higher rate than harder rocks.

Answer 30

1. crack 2. cave 3. arch 4. stack 5. stump

Answer 31

Formed by hydraulic action and abrasion. Widens and fault or a joint.

Answer 32

It is formed after a cave and is when there are back- to- back caves.

Answer 33

Arch gets larger and the roof collapses leaving a stack.

Answer 34

Formed when a stack is eroded by wind and water.

Answer 35

Natural materials that is formed by weathering and erosion.

Answer 36

256mm or more

Answer 37

0.0625-2mm

Answer 38

0.002-0.0625mm

Answer 39

0.002 mm or smaller

Answer 40

unbiased; not subjective

Answer 41

Transportation of materials, such as pebbles and sand along the coastline by wave action.

Answer 42

Connects an island and a main land. Created by deposition.

Answer 43

Waves approach the coast at an angle.

Answer 44

Waves are controlled by the prevailing or most dominant wind.

Answer 45

Carries sand and pebbles onto the beach at the same angle as the wave.

Answer 46

It draws the sediment down the beach at a right angle to the coastline. This is the steepest gradient.

Answer 47

Repeated to create a zig-zag movement of sediment along the coast.

Answer 48

- rock type - geological structures

Answer 49

People who hunt animals and gather wild plants, seeds, fruits, and nuts to survive.

Answer 50

4,000 year ago, people started setting up farms.

Answer 51

-pottery -jewellery -weapons -tools

Answer 52

-people do jobs for services that people need -people were paid for the jobs that they did -They can put money in banks -they buy thing that they need from other people

Answer 53

These are jobs involved with exploiting materials recourses from the land, sea and forests.

Answer 54

The portion of the economy concerned with manufacturing useful products through processing, transforming, and assembling raw materials.

Answer 55

These are jobs providing a service for people.

Answer 56

These jobs provide information, research and consultancy (advice) e.g. computer programmers.

Answer 57

-coal mining - farming crops - farming animals - forester - gold panning - Trawler fishing

Answer 58

- making textiles or cloths - processing food - ship building - car manufacturing - making paper

Answer 59

-nursing - tourism related - solicitor - financial advisor - Estate agent - Shop assistant

Answer 60

- phone app designing - drug company research -software designer - space satellite research designer -computer technician

Answer 61

The proportion of people who work in each of the employment sectors

Answer 62

- most people lived and worked in the countryside. - people were mainly farmers but there were some cottage industries like weaving - a small proportion of people would have worked as servants in a big house - Agricultural revolution - change in farming - improved food production - enclosed fields -forced people off the land

Answer 63

- most people lived and worked in the countryside. - people were mainly farmers but there were some cottage industries like weaving - a small proportion of people would have worked as servants in a big house - Agricultural revolution - change in farming - improved food production - enclosed fields -forced people off the land

Answer 64

- most people lived and worked in the countryside. - people were mainly farmers but there were some cottage industries like weaving - a small proportion of people would have worked as servants in a big house - Agricultural revolution - change in farming - improved food production - enclosed fields -forced people off the land

Answer 65

An employment structure is the proportion of people who work in each of the employment sectors.

Answer 66

It is a generalised model that could be applied to most of the country.

Answer 67

- The UK in 1750. - Most people live and work in the countryside. - Most people worked on the land, but there were some cottage industries like weaving. - A small proportion of people would have worked in the tertiary industry. What sort of jobs do you think they would be doing?

Answer 68

The agricultural revolution.

Answer 69

This was a period when there was massive improvements in the efficiency of agricultural production. Crop rotation, field enclosures, selective breeding started to increase the amount of food produced.

Answer 70

Population had grown by 50% between 1750 and 1800. The Napoleonic Wars prevented corn reaching Britain. This pushed up prices, incentivising farmers to grow more.

Answer 71

The Enclosure Act of 1773 meant that the medieval system of villagers having strips of land was removed. The strips were enclosed into bigger fields, and those fields were given to more prosperous farmers. Many poorer villagers lost their land or were given pieces too small to effectively farm.

Answer 72

Alongside the Agricultural Revolution was the Industrial Revolution. The development of the steam engine fed the demand for coal mining. Steam engines could be used in factories such as cotton mills. Improvements in the manufacture of iron and steel were made. Iron and steel could be made into train tracks, trains, bridges, pots and pans, ships and thousands of other things. Some areas became famous for producing one thing e.g., Stoke-on-Trent is know as ’The Potteries’.

Answer 73

The UK was now industrial. The amount of people working in the secondary sector had risen fast. People were working in the cotton mills and factories, and Britain was called ‘The Workshop of the World’.

Answer 74

The UK was now industrial. The amount of people working in the secondary sector had risen fast. People were working in the cotton mills and factories, and Britain was called ‘The Workshop of the World’.

Answer 75

To do with population (numbers, ages and ethnicities of people living in a country)

Answer 76

It mean change from one stage to another.

Answer 77

A simplified structure of reality.

Answer 78

The UK was the first country to move through this model.

Answer 79

It took about 200 years for the UK to go from stage 1 to stage 4.

Answer 80

Number of babies born per 1000 people per year.

Answer 81

Number of people dying per 1000 people per year.

Answer 82

The UK has population data from 1801. This is when the census was first carried out. This is a survey of the people of the country. The only year since, when there has not been one is..?

Answer 83

- Lack of family planning - People needing large families to work the land or in factories. - High infant mortality rates – between 1750 and 1769 it was estimated that 63% of babies did not make it to the age of 5! - People married younger – this is part due to the fall in long apprenticeships for men which meant they couldn’t marry.

Answer 84

- Poor diet – many poor people lived close to starvation level. - Epidemics – bubonic plague, small pox, cholera – in London in 1750 about 800 deaths in every 10,000 were caused by cholera. - Poor personal hygiene – woollen clothes were rarely washed - Poor hygiene - lack of piped water an sanitation - Alcoholism – drinking cheap gin started in the 1720s when the tax restrictions were dropped.

Answer 85

Birth and death rates are both high. The overall population is low – it is estimated by John Rickman (who carried out the first census) to be 5.5 million in 1700, and 6.5 million by 1750.

Answer 86

Birth rates remain high for the same reasons as before. However, death rates start to fall.

Answer 87

Agricultural revolution Cheap soap, better water supplies and cheap coal meant people could boil water and wash themselves and their clothes. Clothes made of cotton became more common and so people could wash them more easily. Cheaper coal meant warmer and drier homes which meant people were healthier. Improvements in science meant links were found between dirty water and cholera. Small impact of improvements in medical care, but lots of people still died in dirty hospitals and from botched medical procedures.

Answer 88

Now the birth rate starts to drop. The death rate continues to drop.

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Year 8 Term 1 - Coasts + The Making Of Britain Flashcards

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