Year 8 Science Rocks and Weathering Flashcards
How igneous rocks formed?
When lava cools and solidifies causing crystals and interlocking grains.
Is extrusive igneous rock have large crystals?
False.
What’s a sedimentary rock?
Sedimentary rocks are types of rock that are formed by the accumulation or deposition of mineral or organic particles at the Earth’s surface, followed by cementation. Sedimentation is the collective name for processes that cause these particles to settle in place.
How is a metamorphic rock formed?
Pressure and heat around the main vent Marble.
What’s Freeze-thaw weathering?
When water enters a small crack in the rock and when it freezes it expands putting more pressure in the opposing direction, gets deeper, and can split in half.
What Chemical Weathering?
Rainwater and seawater can be a weak acid. If a coastline is made up of rocks such as limestone or chalk, over time they can become dissolved by the acid in the water.
Whats Erosion?
Erosion is the wearing away of rock along the coastline. Destructive waves are responsible for erosion on the coastline.
What type of rock is most likely to experience a solution?
Sedimentary rock like limestone.
What’s hydraulic action?
Hydraulic action - this is the sheer power of the waves as they smash against the cliff. Air becomes trapped in the cracks in the rock and causes the rock to break apart.
Whats abrasion?
When rocks are made smoother from the rock floor.
Whats Attrition?
Is when rocks bang together causing them to break.
What’s longshore drift?
the movement of material along a coast by waves which approach at an angle to the shore but recede directly away from it. To stop this, barriers can stop it.
Whats a soft white rock with non-interlocking grains?
Chalk that’s sedimentary.
What’s the chemical weathering of rain?
When it rains, carbon dioxide is carried and it makes carbonic acid, this when mixted with calcite (calcium carbonate).
