Year 8 Evolution, Inheritance and Reproduction

Question 1

evolution

Answer 1

the process where small changes in organisms can occur over long periods of time

Question 2

natural selection

Answer 2

a natural process resulting in the evolution of organisms best adapted to the environment

Question 3

ovaries

Answer 3

stores and releases eggs

Question 4

Fallopian tube

Answer 4

tube that carries eggs from the ovary to the uterus

Question 5

uterus

Answer 5

where the baby develops

Question 6

cervix

Answer 6

narrow opening from uterus to vagina

Question 7

vagina

Answer 7

a muscular tube that connects the uterus. Sperm is deposited here

Question 8

urethra

Answer 8

tube that carries urine out of the body

Question 9

testes

Answer 9

produces sperm and testosterone

Question 10

scrotum

Answer 10

protects the testes and keeps sperm at the right heat

Question 11

glands

Answer 11

adds fluids to the sperm to keep it alive

Question 12

sperm ducts

Answer 12

carry sperm from testes to penis

Question 13

urethra

Answer 13

carries urine or sperm out through the penis

Question 14

penis

Answer 14

organ which releases sperm into the vagina

Question 15

hormones

Answer 15

chemicals produced by your glands that regulate the activities of different body cells

Question 16

Oestrogen

Answer 16

the female sex hormone responsible for sexual development

Question 17

testosterone

Answer 17

the male sex hormone responsible for sexual development

Question 18

menstruation

Answer 18

the shedding of the uterus lining , days 1-5

Question 19

allele

Answer 19

different versions of the same gene

Question 20

biodiversity

Answer 20

the variety of living organisms within an ecosystem

Question 21

what shape is DNA?

Answer 21

double helix

Question 22

gene

Answer 22

A section of a chromosome; genes for hair colour, eye colour etc. Genes build up a persons characteristic, almost like a set of instructions.

Question 23

DNA bases

Answer 23

GCAT. like puzzle pieces, they can only attach to a specific base

Question 24

What are the 2 pairs in GCAT

Answer 24

GC AT

Question 25

DNA mutations

Answer 25

DNA which can be copied wrong (e.g. red hair, heterochromia and blue eyes)

Question 26

What are some characteristics affected by the environment

Answer 26

Weight, height and size

Question 27

Characteristics affected by genes

Answer 27

Hair colour, skin colour, blood type

Question 28

Continuous variation

Answer 28

Variation which may have any one of a large range of values e.g. height

Question 28

Discontinuous variation

Answer 28

Variation which can only have one of fixed options e.g. eye colour