Year 8 Biology Flashcards
What makes a healthy diet?
A healthy diet is the nutrients and energy needed especially for you.
Protein
Allow growth and tissue repairs
Carbohydrates
Give us energy and fibre helps the intestines contract to move waste along and extract the nutrients in food.
Fats
Provides energy and insulation
Vitamin C
Needed for healthy for skin and gums
Vitamin D
Helps absorb calcium
Iron (mineral)
Helps produce blood cells
Calcium (mineral)
Used for strong teeth and bones
Balanced diet
A balanced diet depends on your age, your sex, the amount of exercise you do and your mass.
Testing food for nutrients
Testing food for nutrients is important as we need to know what nutrients we are taking in so we know what we need more and less of.
Positive and negative food results
A positive food result is when the nutrients you are testing for is present, a negative food result is when the nutrient you are testing for is not present
Dietary problems
Dietary problems is mainly caused by not getting enough of a type(s) of nutrients. If you don’t get enough calcium for instance you could get osteoporosis.
Why does food need to be digested?
Food needs to be digested so we don’t get constipation, so we can respire and so we get the nutrients we are getting
Enzymes
They are biological catalysts which speed up the rate of digestion.
Bacteria
While most bacteria are bad for you some can be good. For instance some bacteria can fight infections.
Medicinal and recreational drugs
People generally takes drugs because it will help them get better or give them a boost in nutrients. A recreational drug alters the state of mind. It makes most people feel “high” once they have taken the drug. In serious cases though you can get severe mental illnesses or die.
Recreational negative effects.
People are addicted to them and become quite aggressive without them. Costs them lots of money. Don’t know what is in these drugs. Can give you mental illnesses or death.
Alcohol
People often drink alcohol slows the reaction time of the brain which is why you can’t drink-drive. People fell really good about themselves or they take alcohol to get rid of there problems. Even though the next day the problem is still there and they have a hangover (bad headache)
Importance of drinking information
It is important to give information about drinking to the public to make them more aware of all the negative side affects it has. This is especially important for pregnant ladies as they could have a miscarriage or a disabled baby which could cause the family a lot of inconvenience even if they do still love the child.
Smoking
Smoking can cause diseases as it has a lot of dangerous chemicals in them. Be it the addictive substance nicotine or tar which is a carcinogen. Carbon monoxide is also in cigarettes which binds to red blood cells and reduces the amount of oxygen they can carry.
Smoking affects the fetus
The smoking doesn’t just affect the person smoking it. If they are carrying a baby in the uterus the bad substances can pass to the baby through the placenta.
What is the addictive substance in alcohol?
Ethanol is the addictive substance in alcohol which is what alcoholics crave.
