DNA Flashcards
DNA
Deoxyribonucleic acid
Where is DNA found?
DNA is found in the nucleus of every cell except the red blood cell.
How many chromosomes do we have?
We have 23 pairs (46 overall).
What are genes?
Genes are genetic information that control our characteristics.
What are alleles?
An allele is the copy of each gene. There are dominant and recessive alleles.
What are dominant alleles?
Dominant alleles are alleles that will always show if they are present.
What are recessive alleles?
Recessive alleles are alleles that are only shown if there are two of the same allele.
What is inheritance?
Inheritance is the genes we get from our parents since we get one set from our father and one set from our mother.
Genetically inherited disease
Genetically inherited disease is a disease you catch because of the genes you inherit. If the disease is a recessive disease both of your parents will need to pass on that gene but if it is dominant only one of your parents need to pass it on to you.
Punnet square
A punnet square is used to work out how likely it is for offspring to have a certain genotype.
Homozygous
Homozygous is two of the same alleles.
Heterozygous
Heterozygous is when you have two different alleles of the same gene.
