Biology Chapter One

Question 1

Magnification

Answer 1

Magnification is when something appears larger when viewed through a lens.

Question 2

Resolution

Answer 2

Resolution is when you can tell two or more different specimens apart from each other.

Question 3

Organism

Answer 3

An organism is the scientific term for a living thing.

Question 4

Nucleus

Answer 4

The nucleus controls the cell it is in. It contains some genetic material which is needed to make new cells.

Question 5

Cytoplasm

Answer 5

The cytoplasm is a jelly like consistency. It is where chemical reactions take place in a cell.

Question 6

Cell membrane

Answer 6

The cell membrane is the outer layer of an animal cell (second outer layer of a plant cell). It controls what comes in and out of the cell.

Question 7

Mitochondria

Answer 7

The mitochondria is where respiration happens. Respiration is how we get energy.

Question 8

MRS GREN

Answer 8

MRS GREN stands for movement, respiration, sensitivity, growth, reproduction, excretion and nutrition.

Question 9

Cell Wall

Answer 9

This is the outer layer of a plant cell. This makes the cell stronger and it provides support. It is made out of a tough fibre (cellulose) which makes the cell ridged.

Question 10

Vacuole

Answer 10

The vacuole contain a watery liquid called cell sap this liquid keeps the cell firm.

Question 11

Chloroplast

Answer 11

The chloroplasts is where photosynthesis happens. Chloroplasts contains a substance called chlorophyll this traps energy transferred from the sun.

Question 12

Microscope

Answer 12

A microscope is an object that magnifies the specimen you are viewing under it

Question 13

Specimen

Answer 13

Specimen is a sample of something. Specimen can be viewed under a microscope.

Question 14

Slide

Answer 14

A slide is what you put your specimen on when viewing it under a microscope.

Question 15

Cell

Answer 15

Cells are the microscopic building blocks organisms are made of.

Question 16

Unicellular organisms

Answer 16

Unicellular organisms are organisms with only one cell in them hence the name “unicellular”.

Question 17

Specialised cell

Answer 17

A specialised cell is an adapted cell made specifically to do one job. For example a white blood cell tries to kill off any infection you get.

Question 18

Nerve cell adaptations

Answer 18

Nerve cells have a long tail so it can swim through the organism easily. Nerve cells have dendrites at each end, this means the can connect with other nerve cells to send messages around the cell.

Question 19

Egg cell adaptations

Answer 19

Egg cells have the same sort of features as normal cells accept it has a different job. That job is to connect with sperm and then to reproduce.

Question 20

Sperm cell adaptations

Answer 20

The sperm cell have lots of mitochondria

Question 21

Root hair adaptations

Answer 21

Root hair cells have a big surface area for absorbing nutrients and water. They have no chloroplasts because there is no sunlight underground. This means they do not do photosynthesis.

Question 22

Multicellular

Answer 22

Multicellular means that an organism is made up of more than one cell. The opposite of unicellular.

Question 23

Red blood cell adaptations

Answer 23

Red blood cells are unlike most other cells; they don’t have a nucleus. They are a disk like shape which increases its surface area for carrying oxygen.

Question 24

Diffusion

Answer 24

Diffusion is when particles move from a place of high concentration to a place of low concentration.

Question 25

Rate of diffusion

Answer 25

The rate of diffusion is how fast or slow particles diffuse.

Question 26

Binary fission

Answer 26

Binary fission is how unicellular organisms reproduce. The cell slowly multiplies everything in the cell and then once it has done that it will split in two.

Question 27

Excretion

Answer 27

In organisms or cells getting rid of waste matter.