Year 7 Elements

Question 1

What 2 elements are liquid at room temperature?

Answer 1

Mercury and bromine

Question 2

What is an element?

Answer 2

A material made up of only one type of atom

Question 3

List three properties of metals

Answer 3

E.g. Good electrical conductors, good thermal conductors, strong and tough, shiny when polished, malleable, high melting and boiling points, high densities, make alloys when mixed with other metals, (some) are magnetic, sonorous

Question 4

Give John Dalton’s 5 observations about atoms

Answer 4

1. All matter is made up of tiny particles called atoms
2. Atoms are indivisible and indestructible
3. Atoms of the same element are identical
4. Atoms of different elements differ in fundamental ways
5. Atom combine in simple whole number ratios to form compounds

Question 5

What is the relative mass and charge of protons, neutrons and electrons?

Answer 5

Particle Relative mass Relative charge
Proton 1 +1
Neutron 1 0
Electron 0 -1

Question 6

Is an atom charged?

Answer 6

No

Question 7

What is the atomic number?

Answer 7

The number of protons

Question 8

What is the mass number?

Answer 8

The number of protons + number of neutrons

Question 9

How do you work out the number of neutrons in an atom from an element?

Answer 9

Mass number - atomic number

Question 10

How is the element on the periodic table laid out?

Answer 10

23 (mass number)
Na
11 (atomic number)

Question 11

Is air a mixture or a compound?

Answer 11

A mixture

Question 12

Is water a mixture or a compound?

Answer 12

A compound

Question 13

What is the Earth’s atmosphere made of?

Answer 13

78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, 0.93% argon, 0.035% carbon dioxide, varying amounts of water vapour and trace amounts of other gases

Question 14

In what state of matter do atoms have the most energy?

Answer 14

Gas