Year 3 FoPC Flashcards

Question

What is meant by culturally competent care?

Answer 1

Combination of attitudes, skills and knowledge that allows an understanding and therefore better care of patients with a different backgrounds to our own.

Answer 2

- better understanding of health - more effective engagement with health care services e.g screening programmes - better engagement with health related advice - better able to navigate health services

Answer 3

The differences in health status or in the distribution of health determinants between different population groups

Answer 4

``` Lack of accessible transport Staff have little understanding Failure to recognise they are unwell Anxiety or lack of confidence Not involvement allowed form carers Inadequate follow-up or aftercare. ```

Answer 5

This described that those who most need medical care are least likely to receive it and conversely, those with least need of health care tend to use health services more, and more effectively. 1971 - Dr Julian Tudor Hart

Answer 6

- Effective partnership across sectors. - Refine integration of health and social care - investing in more vulnerable patient groups - reduction in poverty - improve access - social inclusion polices - improved employment - equal access to education - improved housing

Answer 7

Provide a means to engaging effectively with communities and individuals Deliver a range of services which may help to reduce health inequalities e.g. health promotion, supporting access to relevant services.

Answer 8

``` Gain confidence Make a difference Meet people Be part of a community Learn new skills Take on a challenge Fun ```

Answer 9

Help people directly with negotiating difficult problems e.g. debt, finances, benefits, consumer rights Support witnesses in courts Advocacy work - help improve how big organisations work.

Answer 10

7 day access to support, advice and targeted interventions for anyone affected by substance misuse and related issues Telephone helpline, drop in service, needle exchange, ongoing support Harm reduction service, support for families, services for women and girls including those at risk of sexual exploitation or those engaged in prostitution.

Answer 11

Local charity providing emotional and practical support to people affected by cancer across NE Scotland, Orkney and Shetland.

Answer 12

Providing free food, furniture, clothing and much more to the poor, the vulnerable and the marginalised people of the area

Answer 13

Mental Health charity Wide range of services which offer hope and practical steps towards recovery including schools work, young peoples services, self harm services, supported living and wellbeing workshops.

Answer 14

The capacity to recover quickly from difficulties, a person's ability to resist adversity without resulting in physical or psychological disability.

Answer 15

``` High frustration tolerance Self acceptance Self belief Humour Perspective Curiosity Adaptability Meaning ```

Answer 16

``` Positive relationships Reflective ability Assertiveness Avoid procrastination Developing goals Time management Work-life balance ```

Answer 17

``` Perfectionism, denial, avoidance, micromanaging, unwilling to seek help, conscientious. Culture of invulnerability Culture of presenteeism Blame culture Overwork Shift work Lack of oversight Chaotic work environment Lack of teamwork Fractured training ```

Answer 18

Chronological list of all the patient’s employment with the intention of determining whether work has caused ill health, exacerbated an existing health problem or has ill health had an impact on the patient’s capacity to work.

Answer 19

Items of consideration for employers when signing a patient's return to work. Can only be completed by a doctor. It is not binding on the employer. Required if patient has been off for more than 7 consecutive days (including on working days).

Answer 20

Ensuring the health and well being of the working population by preventing work-related ill health and providing specialist rehabilitation advice. They provide independent, impartial advice to employers and employees on the effects of work on health and the effects of health on work.

Answer 21

Phased return to work - start with reduced hours and build up. Altered hours - work at different times of day Amended duties - change in work practice or content Workplace adaptation - e.g. changes to seating to support back better.

Answer 22

Ability to continue over a period of time.

Answer 23

Prioritise environmental health. Substitue harmful chemical with safer alternatives Reduce and safely dispose of waste Use energy efficiently and renewable where possible. Purchase and serve sustainably grown food. Safely manage and dispose of pharmaceuticals Adopt greener building design and construction.

Answer 24

Any planned activity designed to enhance health or prevent disease. Legislation, immunisation, development of activities etc. are all involved.

Answer 25

Provides knowledge and education to enable necessary skills to rate informed choices re health e.g. smoking, diet, diabetes

Answer 26

‘Makes healthy choice the easy choice. | National policies e.g. unemployment, redistribute income.

Answer 27

Complex relationship between behaviour, knowledge, attitudes and beliefs. Activities start from an individual attitude to health and readiness to change. Emphasis on whether individual is ready to change. (e.g. smoking, alcohol).

Answer 28

an activity involving communication with individuals or groups aimed at changing knowledge, beliefs, attitudes and behaviour in a direction which is conducive to improvements in health.

Answer 29

Involves collective activities directed at factors which are beyond the control of the individual. Health protection activities tend to be regulations or policies, or voluntary codes of practice aimed at the prevention of ill health or the positive enhancement of well-being.

Answer 30

The generation of power in those individuals/groups which previously considered themselves to be unable to control situations nor act on the basis of their choices.

Answer 31

An ability to resist social pressure. An ability to utilise effective coping strategies when faced by an unhealthy environment. A heightened consciousness of action.

Answer 32

``` Precontemplation Contemplation Ready for action - making definitive plans Action Maintenance Regression ```

Answer 33

``` Posters Clinics Vaccinations Screening Legislation - age limits, smoking ban etc. Tax on cigarettes Schooling Adverts ```

Answer 34

Measure taken to prevent the onset of illness or injury | Reduce probability and/or severity of illness or Injury.

Answer 35

Detection of a disease at an early stage in order to cure, prevent or lessen symptomatology.

Answer 36

Knowledge of disease knowledge of test Treatment for disease

Answer 37

Cancers- breast, bowel, cervical. Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Pregnancy screening Newborn screening - cataracts, hearing, congenital heart disease, Guthrie test.

Answer 38

Any intervention after the disease onset that limits the effect of the disease e.g. secondary prevention of stroke/MI.

Answer 39

Growth and development fuelled by food Scotland has highest incidence of premature death due to heart disease. High saturated fats and low fruit and veg are important factors in Scotlands health.

Answer 40

Habits and lifestyles established in adolescence - learn from parents. Smoking id more than twice as likely if your parents smoke. Neglect and abuse can reoccur.

Answer 41

``` feeding problems Pyrexia URTI Coughs/colds rashes Otalgia Sore throat Diarrhoea Vomiting Behavioural problems ```

Answer 42

``` Might be correct Someone else urging them to act. Anxiety Inexperience Lack of support Parent illness Social issues Abuse in home ```

Answer 43

``` Diet Alcohol Smoking Exercise Sleep habits Screen time ```

Answer 44

At least 60minutes of moderate to vigorous exercise daily.

Answer 45

- Build a personal approach to care. - Change our style to shared decision making. - Reduce unnecessary variation in practice and outcomes. - Reduce harm and waste. - Manage risk better. - Become importers and innovators.

Answer 46

Cardiovascular risk score

Answer 47

Large demographically representative group of citizens regularly used to assess public preferences and opinions.

Answer 48

Knowledge/qualifications Good listener Friendly/approachable Felt listened too and not rushed Clear communication Resolution/diagnosis/outcome

Answer 49

Prostate and thyroid cancers Asthma Chronic Kidney disease Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

Answer 50

Data analysis and audits | Self-reflection

Answer 51

Is the treatment or procedure really necessary? What are the potential benefits and risks? What are the possible side effects? Are there any simpler, safer or alternative treatment options? What would happen if I did nothing?

Answer 52

Will the test detect the condition at an early pre-clinical stage? Is the disease an important public health problem? Is the natural history of the disease adequately understood? Is a test available for the condition? Is the test sensitive (low false negatives)? Is the test specific (low false positives)? Is the test safe? Is the test acceptable to the public and professionals involved? Is the cost of the test reasonable? Does the overall cost-benefit analysis make it worthwhile e.g. number of tests required to save one life? Is treatment for the condition being screened for of proven effectiveness? Is treatment for the condition being screened for safe? Is treatment for the condition being screened for acceptable to public and professionals? Are facilities for diagnosis and treatment available?

Answer 53

Mortality data Cancer Statistics Hospital activity statistics General Practice morbidity/disease registers ISD information NHS expenditure data Social security information/benefits data

Answer 54

Does he work with chemical irritants? How much exposure does he have to these irritants (intensity/duration)? Do his symptoms improve when not at work e.g. onshore, holiday? Is personal protective equipment (PPE) used? Does the patient comply with PPE use? Does the company enforce PPE use? Do other work colleagues have similar symptoms? Has he any hobbies/pets/other activities which may be a likely cause? Does he use hand cream or other topical agents he may be allergic to?

Answer 55

``` Depression Generalised anxiety disorder Panic disorder Social anxiety disorder Obsessive-compulsive disorder Post-traumatic stress disorder ```

Answer 56

Effective partnership across a range of sectors and organisations e.g. to promote health, improve patient education about health Evaluate and refine integration of health and social care Government policies and legislation e.g. smoking ban Time to invest in the more vulnerable patient groups Reduction in poverty Social inclusion policies Improved employment opportunities for all Ensuring equal access to education in all areas Improved housing in deprived areas

Answer 57

Improved ability to make her own choice, going against the choices of those around her Improved coping strategies when her colleagues are smoking to avoid smoking herself but still enable to her to socialise with them An improved awareness of her own capacity to weigh up the benefits and risks of smoking to allow her to make a positive choice and act on that choice.

Answer 58

Decrease in premature mortality/increased life expectancy Decrease in birth/fertility rates Migration Greater availability of contraception Improvements in housing Improvements in sanitation Baby boom-post war recovery years followed by greater sexual "freedom" Health education programmes e.g. smoking, exercise, diet Improved safety and reduction of injury

Answer 59

- Increasing dependence on families and/or carers who are also ageing - Demand for home carers and nursing home places likely to increase - Increasing emphasis on social activities for elderly within communities - Role of elderly as grandparents and carers of grandchildren likely to change - Housing demands are likely to change as more elderly people live alone

Answer 60

``` Poor diet Inadequate sleep Excess screen time Lack of exercise/too much exercise Academic difficulties Home/relationship difficulties Bullying Social isolation Mental illness ```

Answer 61

``` Builds confidence and social skills Develops coordination Improves concentration and learning Strengthens muscles and bones Improves health and fitness Improves sleep Aids weight loss/reduces risk excess weight gain Makes you feel good/improves feeling of general well-being ```

Answer 62

Listen to the patient and their carers Set the scene Check whether patient wants to speak himself or with family present. Find out what the patient already understands Find out how much the patient wants to know Share the information using a common language/avoid jargon Review and summarise the information Allow opportunities for questions Agree follow up and support

Answer 63

- Intellectual interest e.g. job satisfaction, career progression, variability (if wanted), capacity to develop special interest - Self-awareness and self-reflection e.g. recognise and accept personal limits, establish boundaries in doctor-patient relationship, less self-critical, aided by mindfulness based stress reduction - Time management and work life balance e.g. ensuring time for hobbies, leisure, relaxation, self-expression - Continuing professional development - Support including team working/supportive relationships within and out-with medicine - Mentors (help trainees adapt to change and react to stress)