Year 3 drugs

Question 1

Aciclovir: drug class

Answer 1

Nucleoside analogue (antiviral)

Question 2

Aciclovir: indications

Answer 2

Cold sores
Genital herpes
Eye infections
Chicken pox
Shingles

Question 3

Aciclovir: local herpes treatment dose

Answer 3

Eye: 1cm 5 times a day, continue for 3 days after complete healing of infection
Skin: Every 4 hours, 5 time per day for 5-10 days

Question 4

Aciclovir: Shingles dose

Answer 4

800 mg 5 times per day for 1 week

Question 5

Aciclovir: genital herpes dose

Answer 5

200 mg 5 times per day for 5 days (continue for longer is new lesions appear). Or 400 mg 3 times per day for 5 days.

Question 6

Aciclovir: common side effects

Answer 6

• Headaches (oral)
• Dizziness (oral)
• Nausea and vomiting (IV and oral)

Question 7

Aciclovir: metabolised by

Answer 7

Kidneys

Question 8

Aciclovir: contraindications

Answer 8

None

Question 9

Aciclovir: can it be used in children?

Answer 9

Yes

Question 10

Aciclovir: mechanism

Answer 10

Converted to aciclovir triphosphate via a series of kinase reactions. Aciclovir triphosphate binds and incorporates into the viral DNA and causes DNA chain termination. This inactivates the viral DNA polymerase, causing viral cell death

Question 11

Amoxicillin: drug class

Answer 11

Penicillin

Question 12

Amoxicillin: indications

Answer 12

Pneumonia
Hospital-acquired infection
Acute infection
Dental abscess

Question 13

Amoxicillin: standard dose

Answer 13

500 mg tds

Question 14

Amoxicillin: dose for prophylaxis of recurrent UTI

Answer 14

250 mg on

Question 15

Amoxcillin: side effects

Answer 15

• Nausea
• Diarrhoea
• Rash (allergy)

Question 16

Amoxcillin: interactions

Answer 16

Methotrexate (reduced excretion rate, risk of toxicity)
Warfarin (enhances effects)
Allopurinol (increased risk of rash)

Question 17

Amoxicillin: dose in children

Answer 17

500 mg tds (5-17 years)

Question 18

Amoxicillin: mechanism

Answer 18

Amoxicillin is a b-lactam antibiotic. It inhibits penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) which are involved in transpeptidation of the cell wall, therefore cross-linking of peptidoglycans cannot occur, leading to weakness of the cell wall and cell death.

Question 19

Aciclovir: pregnancy?

Answer 19

Yes - safest antiviral

Question 20

Amoxicillin: preganancy

Answer 20

Safe

Question 21

Beclomethasone: drug class

Answer 21

Corticosteroid

Question 22

Beclomethasone: indications

Answer 22

Oral ulcerations
Asthma
Inflammatory skin disorders

Question 23

Beclomethasone: asthma dose

Answer 23

200-400 mcg bd
Depends on brand

Question 24

Beclomethasone: oral ulceration dose

Answer 24

50-100 mcg bd using inhaler device

Question 25

Beclomethasone: ulcerative colitis dose

Answer 25

5 mg om, max 4 weeks

Question 26

Beclomethasone: common side effects

Answer 26

Headaches Oral candidiasis Dry throat Pneumonia in COPD patients

Question 27

Beclomethasone: severe side effect

Answer 27

Cushing's disease

Question 28

Beclomethasone: contraindications

Answer 28

Systemic infections Acne Live virus vaccines

Question 29

Beclomethasone: counselling

Answer 29

Rinse mouth Look out for fungal infections Same brand Steroid card

Question 30

Beclomethasone: mechanism

Answer 30

Prodrug, binds to GR, dimerises and translocates into nucleus to alter transcription (increase anti-inflammatory and decrease pro-inflammatory)

Question 31

Beclomethasone: Pregnancy

Answer 31

Inhalers are safe

Question 32

Aciclovir dilution solution

Answer 32

Sodium chloride 0.9%

Question 33

Amoxicillin counselling

Answer 33

Space doses evenly Finish course

Question 34

Amoxicillin dilution solution

Answer 34

Glucose 5% or Sodium chloride 0.9%

Question 35

Ciprofloxacin drug class

Answer 35

2nd gen fluoroquinolone (antibiotic)

Question 36

Ciprofloxacin uses

Answer 36

Eye infections Corneal ulcer Otitis externa UTI Diabetic foot

Question 37

Ciprofloxacin common side effects

Answer 37

- Reduced apetite - Diarrhoea - Nausea - Eye discomfort

Question 38

Cirpofloxacin serious side effects

Answer 38

- Severe tiredness - Confusion - Pain or abnormal sensations

Question 39

Cirpofloxacin - pregnancy

Answer 39

Avoid

Question 40

Ciprofloxacin cautionary labels

Answer 40

Avoid milk, indigestion remedies or Finish the course Swallow whole

Question 41

Chloramphenicol drug class

Answer 41

Antibacterial

Question 42

Chloramphenicol uses

Answer 42

Eye and ear infections Serious systemic infections

Question 43

Chloramphenicol contraindications

Answer 43

Acute porphyrias

Question 44

Chloramphenicol - pregnancy

Answer 44

Avoid

Question 45

Chloramphenicol - renal and hepatic

Answer 45

Caution

Question 46

Chloramphenicol - eye infection dose

Answer 46

1 drop every 2 hours for the first 48 hours then reduce to every 4 hours for a further 3 days

Question 47

Cefalexin dose

Answer 47

250 mg every 6 hours

Question 48

Chlorphenamine - class

Answer 48

antihistamine - drowsy

Question 49

Chlorphenamine - uses

Answer 49

Allergies

Question 50

Chlorphenamine dose

Answer 50

4 mg every 4-6 hours

Question 51

Chlorphenamine side effects

Answer 51

drowsiness

Question 52

Chlorphenamine pregnancy

Answer 52

avoid

Question 53

Chlorphenamine cautionary label

Answer 53

Drowsiness, don't drink or drive/use machinery

Question 54

Cyclizine drug class

Answer 54

Antiemetic - H1 antagonsit

Question 55

Cyclizine uses

Answer 55

Nausea and vomiting Morning sickness Motion sickness

Question 56

Cyclizine dose

Answer 56

50 mg tds 1-2 hours before travelling