Year 12 Go agane

Question 1

Which Australian ecumenical initiative was realized in 1977? (A) The Australian College of Theology (B) National Council of Churches in Australia (C) The National Home Mission Society (D) The Uniting Church in Australia

Answer 1

The Uniting Church in Australia

Question 2

In the 1996 Australian Census, approximately 67% of Aboriginal people said they were Christians. What has bought this about? (A) The ‘stolen generations’ (B) Aboriginal people losing their traditional beliefs (C) The urbanization of Aboriginal people (D) Christian missionary activity among Aboriginal people

Answer 2

Christian missionary activity among Aboriginal people

Question 3

Statement 1: Reconciliation is a process whereby Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples and the non-indigenous citizens can move into the future with a renewed relationship. Statement 2: The Reconciliation process has generated hope for mutual understanding and respect. How do these statements relate to the process of Reconciliation? (A) Both statements are true. (B) Both statements are false. (C) Only Statement 1 is true. (D) Only Statement 2 is true.

Answer 3

Both statements are true.

Question 4

Census statistics from 1976 indicate that the number percentage of Presbyterians in Australia was 6.6%. Figures from 1991 indicate that the percentage of Presbyterians was 4.3%. What was the most significant cause of this decline? Denominational switching Secularisation Ecumenism Formation of the Uniting Church

Answer 4

Formation of the Uniting Church

Question 5

What is the significance of a person’s totem in Aboriginal spirituality? It identifies the animal into which a person will be reincarnated It is the spirit to which a person prays It determines a person’s relationship to the environment and to a kinship line It determines a person’s social caste

Answer 5

It determines a person’s relationship to the environment and to a kinship line

Question 6

An Aboriginal woman, Cheryl Ahoy, stated: ‘The first thing we believe is that God is everywhere and we don’t need to sit down in church to be near God, for our church is the land, trees, hills, rocks, rivers and valleys.’ To which idea does this statement lend support? Aboriginal people see a clear distinction between God and nature Aboriginal people have not changed their beliefs as a result of colonization Aboriginal people do not attend church regularly Aboriginal people have integrated Christianity into their belief systems

Answer 6

Aboriginal people have integrated Christianity into their belief systems

Question 7

For Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, the phrase “obligations to the land” refers to the Mabo decision. the effects of dispossession. the economic use of the land. the responsibility to care for and nurture the land.

Answer 7

the responsibility to care for and nurture the land.

Question 8

Which Aboriginal practice has been given a place in the worship of some Christian denominations? (A) Kinship (B) Smoking Ceremony (C) Breaking Bread (D) Circumcision

Answer 8

Smoking Ceremony

Question 9

Religious plurality in Australia is a direct result of (A) An increased number of Anglicans (B) Immigration (C) Ecumenism (D) Denominational switching

Answer 9

(B) Immigration

Question 10

The National Inquiry into the Separation of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Children from their Families, was launched in August in: (A) 1995 (B) 1985 (C) 1975 (D) 1965

Answer 10

(A) 1995

Question 11

Which of the following was NOT integral to the arguments presented by the Aboriginal people in support of traditional land ownership in Wik and Mabo? The elders’ customary possession The stories of the Dreaming The location of the totems The Torrens Title system

Answer 11

The Torrens Title system

Question 12

The Parliament of the World’s Religions held in Melbourne in 2010 is an example of? (A) Secularism (B) Ecumenism (C) New Age Religions (D) Interfaith Dialogue

Answer 12

Interfaith Dialogue

Question 13

13. Burial in one’s ‘country’ is important in Aboriginal spirituality because Relatives can access the burial site The deceased’s spirit can be comforted Relatives can complete the burial rituals The deceased’s spirit can return to its ancestors

Answer 13

The deceased’s spirit can return to its ancestors

Question 14

Statement 1: Kinship within traditional Aboriginal society regulates social relationships, including Marriage. Statement 2: Totemism expresses a system of kinship within the natural world Which of the statements are correct? Both statements are true Both statements are false Statement 1 is false and statement 2 is true Statement 1 is true and statement 2 is false

Answer 14

Both statements are true

Question 15

The Mabo decision acknowledged that: Crown Land did not extinguish Native Title Pastoral leases held priority in title disputes Crown Land extinguished Native Title The High Court acknowledged the validity of ‘terra nullius’

Answer 15

Crown Land did not extinguish Native Title

Question 16

According to the most recent census figures, which religious tradition has the largest number of adherents in Australia? Christianity Buddhism Anglican Catholic

Answer 16

Christianity

Question 17

The Native Title Act (1993) acknowledged that: Native title is extinguished by leasehold rights Native title extinguishes leasehold rights Australia was unoccupied when European settlement occurred Native title can co-exist with non-Indigenous leasehold rights in Australia

Answer 17

Native title can co-exist with non-Indigenous leasehold rights in Australia

Question 18

Answer 18

The failure of non-Indigenous Australians to understand Aboriginal traditions and society

Question 19

Which aspects of the Dreaming are important to the cause of the Land Rights movement?

(A) The Native Title and Wik decisions

(B) The creation of missions and reserves

(C) Mutual understanding of spirituality as a key step to achieving Reconciliation

(D) Spirituality is founded on the principle that Indigenous people in Australia have an inseparable connection to the land

Answer 19

Spirituality is founded on the principle that Indigenous people in Australia have an inseparable connection to the land

Question 20

Answer 20

Interfaith dialogue

Question 21

NCCA is an abbreviation for the

(A) National Council of Communities in Australia.

(B) National Council of Christians in Australia.

(C) National Council of Churches in Australia.

(D) National Christian Councils in Australia.

Answer 21

National Council of Churches in Australia.

Question 22

With immigration increasing since 1945, Australia has become a multi-cultural society, with a strong need for inter- faith dialogue. An example of inter-faith dialogue occurs between:

(A) Sunni and Shiite Muslims

(B) Orthodox Jews and Progressive Jews

(C) Baptists and members of Pentecostal churches

(D) Baptists and Buddhists

Answer 22

(D) Baptists and Buddhists

Question 23

Answer 23

New Age religions

Question 24

Answer 24

Oriental Orthodox

Question 25

Since 2001, which of the following churches has been the least affected by denominational switching?

Uniting

Catholic

Anglican

Pentecostal

Answer 25

Catholic

Question 26

Which of the following defines secularism?

Being free from religion or spirituality

Adherence to a particular religion or sect

Atheism

Adherence to a new age religion

Answer 26

Being free from religion or spirituality

Question 27

The Aborigines Act of 1905 provided: regulations may be made for the care, custody and education of the children of aborigines and half-castes and enabling any aboriginal or half-caste child to be sent to and detained in an aboriginal institution, industrial school or orphanage.

This Act reinforced policies and attitudes that directly contributed to which of the following?

Native Title claims

The Wik decision

The Stolen Generations

The Land Rights Movement

Answer 27

The Stolen Generations

Question 28

The recent emphasis on individual fulfilment has led to the rise of which of the following?

New Age religion

Karma

Astrology

Monotheism

Answer 28

New Age religion

Question 29

In a religious context, what is the meaning of the term adherent?

(A) A person who becomes a religious leader

(B) A person who follows a secular perspective

(C) A person who follows a religious perspective

(D) A person who takes part in religious dialogue

Answer 29

(C) A person who follows a religious perspective

Question 30

What has been an effect of interfaith dialogue in Australia?

(A) The formation of the Uniting Church in 1977

(B) Joint social welfare work of the Christian churches in Australia

(C) The Reconciliation walk across the Sydney Harbour Bridge in 2000

(D) Joint statements on homelessness by representatives of religious traditions

Answer 30

Joint statements on homelessness by representatives of religious traditions

Question 31

The process of Reconciliation in Australia promotes

ecumenism

interfaith dialogue

denominational switching among Christians

justice for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people

Answer 31

justice for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people

Question 32

Which statement best expresses the fundamental basis of claims regarding Aboriginal Land Rights?

A political relationship where the people have sovereign power over territory

A spiritual relationship of the people to country

A formal legal relationship based on title deeds

An economic relationship of the people exploiting natural resources

Answer 32

A spiritual relationship of the people to country

Question 33

33. What did the Wik decision mean for the Land Rights movement?

Mining companies gained free access to resources

Aboriginal people gained unlimited access to their ritual estate

Pastoral leases and native title rights could co-exist

Aboriginal people gained sole ownership over land of continuous habitation

Answer 33

Pastoral leases and native title rights could co-exist

Question 34

Kinship for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people is

the fabric of traditional Aboriginal society, defining where a person fits into their community

the rite of passage performed at different stages in one’s life

the passing of sacred stories from one generation to another

the sacred ritual performed at one’s birth

Answer 34

the fabric of traditional Aboriginal society, defining where a person fits into their community

Question 35

The religious landscape in 1947 comprised 39% of the population being Anglican, 21% Catholic, 28% ‘Other Christian’ and about 0.5% professing adherence to non-Christian religions.

Which of the following is true according to the 2011 census?

There is a greater percentage of Anglicans than in 1947

There is a smaller percentage of Catholics than in 1947

There is a greater percentage of non-Christian adherents than in 1947

There is a greater percentage of ‘Other Christian’ adherents than in 1947

Answer 35

There is a greater percentage of ‘Other Christian’ adherents than in 1947

Question 36

Which of the following led to the experiences of the people known as the Stolen Generations?

(A) The Bringing them home report

(B) The Aborigines Protection Act

(C) The White Australia Policy

(D) The Mission Station Act

Answer 36

The Aborigines Protection Act

Question 37

Among the Undan Gnoora tribe of the Cooper region in Central Australia they talk of a time when the dry lake systems were once well watered and fertile … Giant gum trees growing nearby drew their sustenance from cooling rains. The unending stony desert of today was then an immense garden. James Cowan

Acknowledgement: Courtesy of James Cowan, author of “Mysteries of the Dreaming’, “The Aborigine Tradition’ and ‘A Mapmaker’s Dream’

What aspect of Aboriginal spirituality best relates to this quotation?

Art

Magic

Kinship

Dreaming

Answer 37

Dreaming

Question 38

Which of the following enabled pastoral leases and Native Title to co-exist?

Mabo decision 1992

Native Title Act 1993 (Cth)

Wik decision 1996

Native Title Amendment Act 1998 (Cth)

Answer 38

Native Title Act 1993 (Cth)

Question 39

The Mabo decision of 1992 made it clear that

the Land Rights movement had a legal case.

Eddie Mano had represented all Aboriginal people.

Native Title had been extinguished over freehold land.

Native Title was an entitlement for all future land claims.

Answer 39

the Land Rights movement had a legal case.

Question 40

The rise of New Age religions is best explained by:

Abolition of the White Australia Policy

Post-war immigration

Changes in the governing structures of traditional, mainstream religions

Wider visions of enlightenment and fulfilment in society

Answer 40

Wider visions of enlightenment and fulfilment in society

Question 41

Accounting for the present religious landscape in Australia, which are the predominant factors contributing to the current religious makeup?

Christianity’s historical dominance and denominational switching

Christianity’s historical dominance and immigration

New Age religions and sectarianism

Secularisation and immigration

Answer 41

Christianity’s historical dominance and immigration

Question 42

One of the recommendations from the “Bringing them home” report was that

(A) terra nullius never existed.

(B) Aboriginal people did have obligations to the land.

(C) an annual national ‘Sorry Day’ should be celebrated.

(D) the Native Land Rights movement would be necessary.

Answer 42

(C) an annual national ‘Sorry Day’ should be celebrated.

Question 43

43. What/Who has influenced statements on homelessness in Australia, producing a joint statement?

(A) The Uniting Church

(B) Joint social welfare work of the Christian churches in Australia

(C) The Reconciliation walk across the Sydney Harbour Bridge in 2000

(D) Interfaith dialogue

Answer 43

Joint social welfare work of the Christian churches in Australia

Question 44

A continued effect of dispossession for Aboriginal spiritualities is their

increased totems.

ceremonial activity.

alienation from country.

reduction of tribal boundaries as determined by their clan size.

Answer 44

alienation from country.

Question 45

45. ‘Perhaps the saddest legacy of this (mission) experience is that in many outback communities today, there is deep division between those who wish to defend the church to which they belong and those who wish to blame it for all the suffering they have experienced.’

Which response best accounts for the above quote?

Land Rights Movement

Stolen Generation

Reconciliation

Physical and spiritual connection of Aboriginal people to the land

Answer 45

Stolen Generation

Question 47

What obligations are determined for Aboriginal peoples by the Dreaming?

Only obligations to self

Only obligations to the land

Obligations to non-indigenous community

Obligations to the land and people

Answer 47

Obligations to the land and people

Question 48

Answer 48

Separation of Aboriginal peoples from their lands has led to a feeling of disconnection with their traditional lands

Question 49

Statement 1: Native Title legislation recognises the validity of Aboriginal territorial law already

existing prior to European colonisation.

Statement 2: While not acknowledging actual land ownership the Native Title legislation allows restricted access to ancestral lands.

Both statements are true.

Both statements are false.

Statement 1 is true and Statement 2 is false.

Statement 1 is false and Statement 2 is true.

Answer 49

Statement 1 is true and Statement 2 is false.

Question 50

Aboriginal spiritual affiliation with the land is a necessary requirement for recognition of Native Title. Which elements of the Dreaming constitute admissible evidence in Native Title Tribunal proceedings?

Past Land Rights claims

Stories, songs dances and sacred objects

Officially documented records of dispossession

Court records generated in the Mabo and Wik cases

Answer 50

Stories, songs dances and sacred objects

Question 51

51. According to the Australian Bureau of Statistics Census, which of the following best describes the current religious affiliation of Aboriginal peoples?

Christianity and Traditional Aboriginal Spirituality

Christianity

Traditional Aboriginal Spirituality

Christianity, no religious affiliation and Traditional Aboriginal Spirituality

Answer 51

Christianity, no religious affiliation and Traditional Aboriginal Spirituality

Question 52

What is the National Council of Churches in Australia (NCCA)?

(A) Political lobby group aiming to raise the profile of Christian Churches in Australia

(B) An ecumenical body aimed at establishing dialogue and practical cooperation between Christian denominations

(C) The welfare arm of the Wesley Mission

(D) A Christian foundation producing statements on ethical issues

Answer 52

An ecumenical body aimed at establishing dialogue and practical cooperation between Christian denominations

Question 53

Which of the following is an initiative of the New South Wales Ecumenical Council?

Daffodil Day

Project Compassion

Refugee and Migrant Sunday

Red Shield Appeal

Answer 53

Refugee and Migrant Sunday

Question 54

The main reason why interfaith dialogue is important is that it provides?

A forum for the discussion of social justice issues

A basis for the future merger of religious traditions

A structural basis for the development of secularism

Funding to support the work of the World Council of Churches

Answer 54

A forum for the discussion of social justice issues

Question 55

How has Christianity changed in Australia since 1945?

Immigration has caused sectarianism and secularism to grow in Christian denominations

Funding arrangements for religious schools have caused Catholicism to grow

Ecumenism has caused Christianity to become a more dominant religion

Denominational switching has caused Pentecostalism to grow

Answer 55

Denominational switching has caused Pentecostalism to grow

Question 56

Which of the following statements best reflects religion in Australia?

Australia is a multifaith society that believes in God

Australia is an ecumenical society

Australia is a multifaith society that fosters religious diversity

Australia endorses ecumenical relationships with Asia

Answer 56

Australia is a multifaith society that fosters religious diversity

Question 57

Which three religions have experienced growth in Australia as a result of immigration since 1990?

Buddhism, Hinduism, Judaism

Buddhism, Hinduism, Islam

Buddhism, Islam, Judaism

Hinduism, Islam, Judaism

Answer 57

Buddhism, Hinduism, Islam

Question 58

Answer 58

Anglican

Question 59

Which of the following accounts for the rise in the number of Buddhists in Australia in the 1970’s

Buddhist groups in Australia actively converting non-Buddhists

Immigration from Europe

People converting from Christianity

Immigration from Southeast Asia

Answer 59

Immigration from Southeast Asia

Question 60

The “Bringing Them Home Report” enquired into

(A) The Native Title Amendment Act

(B) Aboriginal Deaths in Custody

(C) Land Rights and assimilation

(D) The separation of Aboriginal people from their families

Answer 60

The separation of Aboriginal people from their families

Question 61

According to census data, what proportion of people in Australia identify with a religious tradition?

More than 60%

Between 50% and 60%

Between 40% and 50%

Less than 40%

Answer 61

More than 60%

Question 62

Which of the following names the three major Christian denominations in Australia in decreasing size?

Anglican, Uniting, Catholic

Catholic, Anglican, Uniting

Anglican, Catholic, Orthodox

Catholic, Orthodox, Anglican

Answer 62

Catholic, Anglican, Uniting

Question 63

“Populate or Perish” was an immigration policy introduced by Arthur Caldwell after which war?

The Boer War

World War 1

World War 2

Vietnam War

Answer 63

World War 2

Question 64

Which statement best describes the increase of secularisation in Australia?

The growing commercialism of traditional religions

The lack of funds for established religions

The rise of materialism and individualism in society

The need for Interfaith Dialogue

Answer 64

The rise of materialism and individualism in society

Question 65

Answer 65

Interfaith Dialogue

Question 66

The traditional role of initiation ceremonies in Aboriginal spirituality has been to prepare young people:

For the effects of dispossession

For their struggle for Land Rights

To undertake adult responsibilities

To develop a relationship with the religious traditions

Answer 66

To undertake adult responsibilities

Question 67

We apologise especially for the removal of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children from their families, their communities and their country. Kevin Rudd 2008

To what was Kevin Rudd referring in this part of the Apology to Australia’s Indigenous peoples?

(A) The ending of the White Australia policy

(B) Assimilation policies that had led to injustices

(C) The gap in health and education equity between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal peoples

(D) The empowering of non-Aboriginal people in the decision-making process for Reconciliation

Answer 67

Assimilation policies that had led to injustices

Question 68

In the year 2000, hundreds of thousands of people crossed the Sydney Harbour Bridge as a sign of solidarity with Aboriginal people. This was an example of:

(A) Reconciliation

(B) Ecumenism

(C) Kinship

(D) Land rights

Answer 68

Reconciliation

Question 69

Which of the following is a typical feature of New Age religions?

(A) Foundational texts form the basis of all beliefs

(B) Individual fulfilment is sought

(C) Divine beings are worshipped

(D) Cult status is achieved

Answer 69

(B) Individual fulfilment is sought

Question 70

In which of the following do both examples refer to ecumenical developments in Australia?

(A) Support for Aboriginal Reconciliation and the dismantling of the White Australia policy

(B) The formation of the National Council of Churches in Australia and the sharing of resources among rural Australian churches

(C) The formation of the Australian Partnership of Religious Organisations and the formal dialogue between the major world religions

(D) The Seventh Assembly of the World Council of Churches in Canberra and the Parliament of World Religions in Melbourne

Answer 70

The formation of the National Council of Churches in Australia and the sharing of resources among rural Australian churches

Question 71

Which of the following best addresses the outcome of the Wik decision?

(A) Terra nullius was an accurate ruling.

(B) Aboriginal people could claim any parcel of land.

(C) Aboriginal communities had a right to Native Title.

(D) Pastoral leases and Native title claims could exist together.

Answer 71

(D) Pastoral leases and Native title claims could exist together.

Question 72

The Stolen Generations initiated what?

(A) Acknowledgement of Kinship

(B) Native title challenges

(C) Immigration issues

(D) Bringing them home report

Answer 72

(D) Bringing them home report

Question 73

A definition for Denominational Switching found on ASK.com stated the following:

“It means switching from one “brand” of religion to another, like switching your shopping from one supermarket chain to another. The reasons can be mundane or profound”

An example of Denominational Switching is:

An Anglican attending a new Anglican church in a different suburb

A Jewish adherent attending an Anglican service on a regular basis

A Catholic converting to Judaism

An Anglican attending a Pentecostal church every Sunday

Answer 73

An Anglican attending a Pentecostal church every Sunday

Question 74

According to the overall census data since 1945, the number of Christians in Australia

has been

(A) decreasing at a steady rate.

(B) decreasing rapidly.

(C) steadily increasing.

(D) stagnating.

Answer 74

(A) decreasing at a steady rate.

Question 75

How has dispossession evidenced itself in Aboriginal communities?

(A) Aboriginal culture has disappeared

(B) Aboriginal people have been assimilated into the white community

(C) Aboriginal spirituality often includes aspects of Christian teaching and practices

(D) Aboriginal people refuse to talk to white Australians

Answer 75

(C) Aboriginal spirituality often includes aspects of Christian teaching and practices

Question 76

Aboriginal ceremonial life includes the following features:

(A) Corroborees, initiation and balance rituals

(B) Elaborate church services often held in cathedrals

(C) Kinship, country and ecumenism

(D) The ‘Freedom Ride’ and native title

Answer 76

(A) Corroborees, initiation and balance rituals

Question 77

Secularism has become a noticeable feature in the Australian religious landscape because of:

(A) Immigration

(B) Changing from one Christian church to another

(C) The abolition of the White Australia policy

(D) The increase of the ‘No religion’ category in the Australian census

Answer 77

(D) The increase of the ‘No religion’ category in the Australian census

Question 78

78. The National Council of Churches in Australia and the National Church Life Survey are examples of:

(A) Denominational switching

(B) Interfaith dialogue

(C) The influence of the Uniting Church of Australia

(D) Ecumenism

Answer 78

(D) Ecumenism

Question 79

79. What is the purpose of ecumenical dialogue?

(A) Conversion

(B) Unification

(C) Social justice

(D) Mutual understanding

Answer 79

(D) Mutual understanding

Question 80

80. Why are Elders in Aboriginal communities given significant status and respect?

(A) They promote modern non-Aboriginal spiritualities

(B) They possess valued sacred knowledge about Aboriginal spirituality

(C) They lead all negotiations among Aboriginal people about land rights claims

(D) They encourage young people from Aboriginal communities to enter the professions

Answer 80

(B) They possess valued sacred knowledge about Aboriginal spirituality

Question 81

What would supporters of ecumenism be likely to reject?

(A) Sectarianism

(B) Reconciliation

(C) Interfaith dialogue

(D) Denominational switching

Answer 81

(A) Sectarianism

Question 82

Since 2001, which of the following churches has been least affected by denominational switching?

(A) Uniting

(B) Catholic

(C) Anglican

(D) Pentecostal

Answer 82

(B) Catholic

Question 83

83. What effect do the Native Title Act and the Mabo and Wik decisions have on Aboriginal spiritualities?

(A) They support the concept of terra nullius

(B) They discourage the economic ambitions of pastoralists

(C) They contribute to the revitalisation of Aboriginal traditions

(D) They address past economic injustices for Aboriginal Australians

Answer 83

(C) They contribute to the revitalisation of Aboriginal traditions

Question 84

84. Within Aboriginal spirituality, which of the following requires ceremonial initiation?

(A) Belonging to ritual estate

(B) Adoption of language group

(C) Transition into adult roles

(D) Introduction to totemic group

Answer 84

(C) Transition into adult roles

Question 85

85. Which of the following is true of totemic identity in Aboriginal spirituality?

(A) It is a life-force that symbolises relationships

(B) It encourages separation from one’s country

(C) It identifies a temporary relationship between individuals and their totem

(D) It connects individuals with the wider Australian community

Answer 85

(A) It is a life-force that symbolises relationships

Question 86

A week of prayer in which many members of Christian denominations are brought together to pray for Christian unity and peace is an example of

The work of the Australian Council of Christians and Jews in Australia

The work of the National Council of Churches in Australia

The dialogue between Jews, Muslims and Christians

The dialogue between Catholics and Pentecostals

Answer 86

The work of the National Council of Churches in Australia

Question 87

Taylor is planning a New Age religion study tour. Which destinations are most likely to be on the tour?

(A) The Ka’ba, Mecca and the River Ganges, India

(B) Angkor Wat, Cambodia and St Paul’s Cathedral, London

(C) The Wailing Wall, Jerusalem and Anzac Cove, Gallipoli

(D) Stonehenge, Salisbury and the Festival of Body, Mind and Spirit, Oslo

Answer 87

D) Stonehenge, Salisbury and the Festival of Body, Mind and Spirit, Oslo

Question 88

88. Which of the following is a distinctive feature of Aboriginal spirituality?

(A) It places a high value on material possessions.

(B) It values competition within Aboriginal communities.

(C) It values competition between Aboriginal communities.

(D) It makes no separation between the spiritual and the secular.

Answer 88

(D) It makes no separation between the spiritual and the secular.

Question 89

89. Which of the following statements about Aboriginal native title is true?

(A) The Wik Decision found that native title coexists with pastoral leases.

(B) The Bringing them home report was the first legal recognition of Aboriginal native title.

(C) The Council for Aboriginal Reconciliation recognised that native title exists over seabeds.

(D) The Mabo Decision responded to the Royal Commission into Aboriginal Deaths in Custody.

Answer 89

(A) The Wik Decision found that native title coexists with pastoral leases.

Question 90

Statement 1: New Age religions can be followed as an alternative to, or in conjunction with, other more traditional religious practices.

Statement 2: New Age religions focus on holistic health rather than on personal growth and individual fulfilment.

How do these statements relate to New Age religions?

Both statements are true

Both statements are false

Statement 1 is false and statement 2 is true

Statement 1 is true and statement 2 is false

Answer 90

Statement 1 is true and statement 2 is false

Question 91

Which statement best expresses the basis of Aboriginal Land Rights claims?

(A) A formal legal relationship based on title deeds

(B) A spiritual relationship of the people to country

(C) An economic relationship of the people exploiting natural resources

(D) A political relationship where the people have government control over territory

Answer 91

(B) A spiritual relationship of the people to country

Question 92

According to current census data, which religious affiliation is most common among recently-arrived migrants in Australia?

(A) Islam

(B) Buddhism

(C) No religion

(D) Christianity

Answer 92

(A) Islam

Question 93

What is secularism?

(A) A search for interfaith cooperation in society

(B) A concept that diminishes the influence of religion in society

(C) A school of thought emphasising allegiance to one’s religious group

(D) Communities and individuals who live in isolation and share a common belief

Answer 93

(D) Communities and individuals who live in isolation and share a common belief

Question 94

Which of the following is a typical feature of New Age religions?

(A) Eucharist

(B) Meditation

(C) Communal worship

(D) Ordained female clergy

Answer 94

(D) Ordained female clergy

Question 95

Which of the following best reflects the reason for ecumenism in Australia’s current religious landscape?

(A) A shared concern for social justice issues

(B) Increased awareness of the potential for interfaith dialogue

(C) A decline in the number of Christian adherents in the population

(D) The beginning of resource sharing including church buildings in rural Australia

Answer 95

(D) The beginning of resource sharing including church buildings in rural Australia

Question 96

What best explains increasing interfaith dialogue in Australia since 1945?

(A) Growing secularism

(B) Increased sectarianism

(C) The work of the council for Aboriginal Reconciliation

(D) Catholic membership of the National Council of Churches (NCCA)

Answer 96

(D) Catholic membership of the National Council of Churches (NCCA)

Question 97

The 1971 Australian Census exhibited a significant shift in responses to the question of religion. This shift is attributed to which of the following?

(A) The instruction “It is voluntary to answer the religion question”

(B) The inclusion of ‘Jedi’ as a distinct religious group

(C) The instruction: ‘If no religion, write ‘none’

(D) The inclusion of the Uniting Church as a separate Christian denomination

Answer 97

(C) The instruction: ‘If no religion, write ‘none’

Question 98

Answer 98

Some Christian Churches use superficial gestures to incorporate Aboriginal spiritualities

Question 99

Which of the following describes the focus of the Reconciliation movement?

(A) The idea that all Australians should apologise to the Aboriginal people

(B) The idea that indigenous Australians must actively seek justice for past wrongs

(C) The process that aims to enable Aboriginal and non-Indigenous people to move forward in a relationship based on mutual recognition and respect

(D) The process that aims to restore to the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples all the land and sovereign rights that were originally theirs

Answer 99

(C) The process that aims to enable Aboriginal and non-Indigenous people to move forward in a relationship based on mutual recognition and respect

Question 100

Which of the following was NOT a significant outcome of the Mabo decision?

(A) The overturning of the concept of terra nullius

(B) The acknowledgement that native title existed in 1788

(C) A finding that native title had been extinguished over freehold land

(D) All native title claims could now be excused

Answer 100

(D) All native title claims could now be excused

Question 101

Which of the following was an outcome of the Mabo decision?

(A) Aboriginal people gained the right to purchase private property.

(B) The legal concept of terra nullius was re-examined and overturned.

(C) Aboriginal people could gain access to privately-owned land for spiritual purposes.

(D) The Commonwealth claim to terra nullius applied unless an ongoing spiritual connection to the land

could be demonstrated

Answer 101

(B) The legal concept of terra nullius was re-examined and overturned.

Question 102

Why is kinship important in Aboriginal spirituality?

(A) It allows Indigenous and non-Indigenous spiritualities to forge relationships.

(B) It is an alternative to the hierarchical structure of religious traditions.

(C) It reinforces relationships that exist outside the natural world.

(D) It defines relationships in the community

Answer 102

(D) It defines relationships in the community

Question 103

Which of the following had the effect of removing Aboriginal children from their families?

(A) Assimilation

(B) Multiculturalism

(C) Self-determination

(D) Self-management

Answer 103

(A) Assimilation

Question 104

Which of the following was significantly affected by post-1945 migration to Australia from England?

(A) The number of Hindus in Australia

(B) The number of Catholics in Australia

(C) The number of Buddhists in Australia

(D) The number of Anglicans in Australia

Answer 104

(D) The number of Anglicans in Australia

Question 105

Answer 105

(C) 3

Question 106

“The most significant ecumenical event in Australia’s history”

Which of the following was Archbishop Francis Rush referring to?

(A) The formation of the Uniting Church

(B) The abolition of the White Australia Policy

(C) The creation of the Australian Council of Christians and Jews

(D)The establishment of the Council for Aboriginal Reconciliation

Answer 106

(A) The formation of the Uniting Church

Question 107

Which of the following is true of Christianity as a religious tradition in Australia?

(A) Christianity is no longer the dominant religious tradition.

(B) Pentecostalism attracts more younger adherents than most other Christian variants.

(C) All Christian denominations are working towards changing some beliefs to achieve effective interfaith

dialogue.

(D) Christian denominations are committed to having a reduced role in the provision of educational and

welfare services.

Answer 107

(B) Pentecostalism attracts more younger adherents than most other Christian variants.

Question 108

What do ecumenism and interfaith dialogue have in common?

(A) They both aspire to achieve a unification of beliefs.

(B) They both focus on promoting women into key leadership positions.

(C) They both aim at rationalising the use of buildings for shared worship.

(D) They both value religious harmony while respecting religious diversity.

Answer 108

(D) They both value religious harmony while respecting religious diversity.

Question 109

Which of the following reflects a change in Australian Christianity from the 1950s to the present day?

(A) The average age of Christian adherents has decreased.

(B) Christian denominations are generally less multicultural.

(C) Pentecostal movements have increased significantly in size.

(D) The proportion of Catholics attending church regularly has increased.

Answer 109

(C) Pentecostal movements have increased significantly in size.

Question 110

Statement 1: The rise of New Age religions can be mainly attributed to post-war immigration.

Statement 2: Secularism is a concept that increases the influence of religion in society. Which of the

following is correct?

(A) Both statements are true.

(B) Both statements are false.

(C) Statement 1 is false and statement 2 is true.

(D) Statement 1 is true and statement 2 is false

Answer 110

(B) Both statements are false.

Question 111

Which of the following statements best reflects religion in Australian society?

(A) Australia is a multi-faith community.

(B) Australia promotes one religion all citizens.

(C) Australia is an ecumenical country with all traditions.

(D) Australia is a multi-faith community that believes in one God.

Answer 111

(A) Australia is a multi-faith community.

Question 112

Within Aboriginal spiritualities, which of the following has been a result of dispossession?

(A) The increasing significance of reserves.

(B) The declining importance of missions.

(C) The separation from kinship groups

(D) The removal of terra nullius

Answer 112

(C) The separation from kinship groups

Question 113

Which of the following would followers of New Age religions be most likely to reject?

(A) Modern materialistic values.

(B) Neo-pagan belief systems

(C) Self-awareness

(D) Spirituality involving the supernatural

Answer 113

(A) Modern materialistic values.

Question 114

Which of the following is an example of an ecumenical movement within Christianity?

(A) The Australian Council of Christians and Jews

(B) The Federation of Islamic Councils

(C) The Hindu Council of Australia

(D) The NSW Ecumenical Council

Answer 114

(D) The NSW Ecumenical Council

Question 115

The National Council of Churches in Australia and the National Church Life Survey are examples of:

(A) Interfaith dialogue

(B) Ecumenical initiatives

(C) Denominational switching

(D) The influence of the Uniting Church of Australia

Answer 115

(B) Ecumenical initiatives

Question 116

Answer 116

(A) Secularism and immigration

Question 117

With regard to Aboriginal spiritualities, which government legislation created what is now known as the

“Stolen Generations”?

(A) Human Rights Protection Act (1968)

(B) Native Title Act (1993)

(C) Protection and Assimilation Acts (1869 – 1973)

(D) Racial Discrimination Act (1975)

Answer 117

(C) Protection and Assimilation Acts (1869 – 1973)

Question 118

The High Court’s decisions in Mabo and Others v The State of Queensland (1992) directly provided the legal framework for the:

(A) Aboriginal Land Rights Act

(B) Native Title Act

(C) Native Title Amendment Act

(D) Wik Decision

Answer 118

(B) Native Title Act

Question 119

Statement 1: Australia is a secular nation in that religious belief is just one option for both the state

and its people.

Statement 2: Australia is a secular nation in that God and religion are completely removed from the

public sphere.

Which of the following is correct?

(A) Both statements are true

(B) Both statements are false

(C) Statement 1 is false and statement 2 is true

(D) Statement 1 is true and statement 2 is false.

Answer 119

(D) Statement 1 is true and statement 2 is false.

Question 120

Which of the following best describes the contribution of Aboriginal spiritualities to an understanding of religious beliefs and religious expression in Australia today?

(A) They have minimal influence because dispossession has destroyed them.

(B) They have stimulated the major religious traditions into fully integrating Indigenous and non-Indigenous

land-based spiritualities.

(C) They have led major religious traditions to confront their roles in the dispossession of Australia’s

Indigenous peoples and to commit their members to the process of Reconciliation.

(D) They have made a distinctive contribution to national values and identity by enabling Australians to

recognise that only unity, rather than diversity, leads to social harmony and complete Reconciliation.

Answer 120

They have led major religious traditions to confront their roles in the dispossession of Australia’s

Indigenous peoples and to commit their members to the process of Reconciliation.

Question 121

SHORT ANSWER

Discuss the ongoing effect of dispossession on Aboriginal Spiritualities. (5 Marks)

Answer 121

Aboriginal spirituality has been suffering the effects of dispossession for hundreds of years carrying with it, a loss of culture and identity. This has been due to the ongoing endeavour of european culture on the indigenous people of Australia and has been significant in this dispossession. This was seen extensively through the stolen generation which occurred between 1910-1970. The stolen generation stripped the Aboriginal’s of their identity and culture. This still afffects the aboriginal spirituality to this day, affecting the totems, ceremonies, and elders. Many ceremonies have been forgotten or changed from the original ceremony due to the dispossession of identity and land due to the stolen generation.

Question 122

SHORT ANSWER

Evaluate the importance of Ecumenism OR Interfaith Dialogue in the Australian Religious Landscape. (5 Marks)

Answer 122

Interfaith Dialogue is extremely important for the Australian Religious Landscape due to the results that can come from it. By religions coming together in order to solve large world issues and problems, they can use their religious adherents in order to change the world for good. The Australian National Dialogue of Christians, Muslims, and Jews (ANDCMJ) is a group run by the NCCA that engages in world issues and religious issues together. They have recently put a statement in their blogs about their approach towards assisting in the COVID-19 breakthrough.

Question 123

SHORT ANSWER

Examine the relationship between Aboriginal spiritualities and religious traditions in the process of Reconciliation. (5 Marks)

Answer 123

Religions such as Judaism and Christianity have in recent years attempting to reconcile with the aboriginal people after 100s of years of dispossession and discrimination such as the stolen generation which occurred between 1910 - 1970s. Judaism especially has attempted to reconcile with the indigenous Australians. This is seen in the Emanuel Synagogue in Sydney as they are holding a series of events to enhance the Jewish communities understanding of the “Uluru Statement from the Heart” from 2019 and 2020. Religions such as Judaism attempt to reconcile to the Aboriginals based off of previous actions in hopes for a better interfaith dialogue with them.

Question 124

SHORT ANSWER

Identify TWO contributions of a significant person or school of thought other than Muhammad and the Four Rightly Gudied Caliphs to the expression of Islam. (2 Marks)

and

Evaluate the impact of the contributions identified in Question 4 on the life of adherents. (5 Marks)

Answer 124

Al-Ghazali’s impact on Islam due to the intergration of Sufism and how he brought it into mainstream Orthodox practice as well as his impact on Hajj. Al-Ghazali revived the religious sciences through Book 38 Ihya which explored the importance of Muslim muraqabah (meditation). He preached that meditation was the path releasing spiritual excellence. Ghazali provided guidance on the stages of spiritual development for a Muslim. He emphasised the importance of Sufi practices in the spiritual lives of Muslims. This allowed Muslim adherents to embrace Sufism as an addition of Islam blah blah blah. Say same thing for second Hajj thing. Secondly, Al-Ghazali’s impact on Hajj through the first volume of Ihya, Ghazali provided guidance on the essentials of Muslim Practice through Book 7 “The Mysteries of Pilgrimage” He explores the Qur’anic exhortions to undertake Hajj and the spiritual benefits on can receive from making pilgrimage, seen in Sura 22:27.

Question 125

SHORT ANSWER

“For your God is one God, so to Him surrender.” (Surat al-Haj:34)

Analyze how one significant practice enables Muslims to surrender to Allah’s will. (8 Marks)

Answer 125

Hajj is a significant practice that enables Islam adherents to surrender to Allah’s will. “For your God is on God, so to Him Surrender” depicts what a Muslim does when they go on Hajj. They surrender to Allah’s will and undertake pilgrimage in order to do that. The 6 day period of Hajj where they not only surrender themselves to Allah through many practices, but self reflect on themselves as Adherents and what they can do to further surrender themselves to Allah in their daily lives. Hajj allows the pilgrims to not only follow the model of Muhammad, but also commemorate the events associated with Abraham. Day 1 Muslims travel to Mina, the sprawling tent city which is an 8km walk from Mecca where they stay the night. Day 2 they spend the day at Arafat where they are in reverent prayer and collect pebbles at Muzdalifah for Day 3’s rites. On Day 3, Muslims throw stones at the pillars in order to stone the devil, just as Abraham did. Then on Day 4 and 5 they spend their final days in Mina where they return to Mecca in order to perform the final circulation of the Kaaba, a “farewell” tawaf. These rites performed during Hajj allow the adherent to relive the steps of Abraham and understand the pain and struggle he went to in order to surrender to Allah, just as they did. Hajj allows Muslims to surrender to Allah’s will just as Abraham did in order to comply to Islam monotheistic characteristic.