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Physics GCSE > Year 11 topic - electricity > Flashcards

Year 11 topic - electricity Flashcards

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1
Q

what is electrical current

A

the flow of electrical charge

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2
Q

what is current measured in?

A

amps

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3
Q

what is electric charge measured in?

A

coloumbs

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4
Q

what is resistance

A

the measure of how it resists the flow of charge

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5
Q

what is resistance measured in

A

ohms

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6
Q

what is potential difference

A

the difference in electrical potential from one point in a circuit to another

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7
Q

what is voltage measured in

A

volts

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8
Q

what is the equation for potential difference

A

V=IR

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9
Q

equations for charge

A

Q=It (charge = current x time)

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10
Q

equation for power in circuits

A

power = potential difference x current

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11
Q

What does an IV graph look like for a resisitor

A

a straight line through 0,0

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12
Q

Whats the iv graph for a filament bulb

A

increases but curves (like an s shape)

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13
Q

whats the iv graph for a diode

A

up at one point but then 0 for the rest (only lets electric flow one way)

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14
Q

What is static charge

A

When insulating materials such as cloth and plastic are rubbed against eachother and the mats become electrically charged

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15
Q

What particles are moved by the friction from one material to the other

A

Electrons

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16
Q

How does an electric shock occur

A

When charge increases so does potential energy up to point a spark can jump across a gap to any conductor near

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17
Q

Properties of an electrostatic force

A

Non contact force, forces of attraction and repulsion

18
Q

What kind are represented by the arrows

A

Positively charged ions

19
Q

What do the closeness of the arrows represent

A

The amount of charge

20
Q

Current and voltage rules for series circuits

A 
Current = same everywhere 
Voltage = shared between components
21
Q

Voltage and current in a parallel

A 
Current = splits on each path
Voltage = same on every path
22
Q

How to get positive and negative values on an IV graph

A

Switch citecuit wires around as that changes direction of the current

23
Q

Explain a direct current

A

Potential diff= always pos or negative

Current supplied by cells in batteries

24
Q

Explain an alternating current

A

Potential diff= alternates between negative and positive current also alternates
Current used in mains electricity

25
Q

What does mains electricity use

A

Three core cable

26
Q

Name the three wires in the three core cable

A

Live wire, neutral wire and earth wire

27
Q

What colours are each wire from the three core cable

A

Earth = green
Neutral = blue
Live wire = brown

28
Q

What potential difference is mains electricity in the UK

A

230V

29
Q

Each wire of the mains electricity carries a different __________ potential

A

Electrical

30
Q

What happens to the resistance of a thermistor as the temp increases

A

Resistance decreases

31
Q

What happens t the resistance of a Light dependant resistor as light intensity increases

A

Resistance drecreases

32
Q

What type of current is supplied by cells and batteries

A

A direct current

33
Q

What current is used in mains electricity

A

Alternating current

34
Q

What does the neutral wire do

A

Completes the circuit

35
Q

What does the live wire do

A

Carries the alternating potential from the supply

36
Q

Why does the earth wire do

A

Safety stops exterior of an appliance becoming live

37
Q

What is the national grid

A

A system of cables and transformers linking power stations to homes and businesses

38
Q

What does the power station do

A

Transfers the energy supply into electrical energy

39
Q

What do step up transformers do

A

Increase the potential difference from the power station to the transmission cables makes transmission more efficient as reduced current and therefore the heating effect

40
Q

Step down transformer do

A

Reduce the voltage from the transmission cables to a mich lower value for domestic use

41
Q

What is the purpose of a variable resistor

A

To adjust the resistance of the circuit and change the voltage across the components

Physics GCSE (10 decks)

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