Atomic Structure Flashcards
3 types of radiation
Beta, alpha, gamma
What is an alpha particle made up of and what its charge
2 neutrons and 2 electrons (helium nuclei) and the charge is 2+
What is beta particles made up of and what’s there charge
Made up of 1 electron and they’re charge is 1-
What is gammas charge and made up of
Gamma is a EM wave so has no charge or RAM
What material stops gamma radiation
Lead
What material stops beta
Aluminium
What material stops alpha
Paper
Which is the most and lesser ionising
Gamma = least (travels far) Alpha = most (doesn’t travel far)
What did Rutherford do?
Alpha particle experiment
What did thompson do
Plum pudding model
What did Bohr do?
Discovered electrons orbit the nucleus
What did chadwick do
Discovered neutrons
What happens to the energy level and electrons when atoms emit and absorb radiation
Emit: electrons closer to nucleus lower energy level
Absorb: electrons further from nucleus and higher energy level
What is radioactive decay
An unstable nucleus becoming more stable by randomly emitting ionising radiation
