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Geography > Year 11 > Flashcards

Year 11 Flashcards

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1
Q

Globalisation

A

The development of global political and ecomonic systems and world views

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2
Q

Virtual Space

A

space which does not appear in physical terms, but in which information can be stored and located

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3
Q

Accessibility

A

the extent to which a location, good, service or information is available to as many people as possible

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4
Q

friction of distance

A

the time, effort and money required to move goods, people or information from one location to another

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5
Q

global citizens

A

people who see themselves as having an identity and or who have networks and interconnections which extend beyond the boundaries of the country they live in

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6
Q

time-space convergence

A

the process by which places can be said to become closer to each other as the time taken to travel between them decreases

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7
Q

spatial reorganisation

A

changes in the location and distribution of people and activities resulting from improvements in transport and communications technologies

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8
Q

centrilisation

A

the concentration of an activity in fewer locations, and often in larger settlements

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9
Q

specialisation

A

the concentration of specific activities in those areas in which possess the greatest comparative advantage for them

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10
Q

comparitive advantage

A

the benefit that a place gains because its location, environment and or human characteristics make it a more suitable location than other areas for production of a particular good or service

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11
Q

spatial interaction

A

the movement of goods, people and information between places

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12
Q

diffusion

A

the spread of technologies, products and ideas from their points of origin to other areas

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13
Q

adoption

A

local take up of a technology, product or idea from somewhere else

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14
Q

adaption

A

the modification of a technology, product or idea from somewhere else to suit local conditions

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15
Q

sustainablitiy

A

the ability or capacity of something to be maintained for survival of future generations

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16
Q

temporal distribution

A

the distribution of geographical phenomena over time

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17
Q

universal religion

A

a religion which is seen by those who practise it as being relevant to, and even as the ideal belief system, of everyone in the world

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18
Q

urbanisation

A

the increased percentage of a country’s population living in urban rather than rural areas

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19
Q

world cities

A

cities which have many connections to and considerable influence over other parts of the world

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20
Q

ethnic religion

A

a religion which is seen by those who practise it as being relevant to their own ethnic group and to no one else

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21
Q

global shift

A

the movement of wealth, power, and influence from one major part of the world to another

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22
Q

glocalisation

A

the modification of global products and ideas to suit local conditions

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23
Q

late adopters

A

the last people/group of people to take up a new idea, technology or product

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24
Q

mitigation

A

to reduce or minimise an impact or change

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25
Q

multinational corporation

A

a corporation that owns or controls the production of good and/or services in more than one country

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26
Q

natural hazard

A

atmospheric, hydrological and geomorphic processes and events in our environment that have the potential to affect people adversely

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27
Q

pandemic

A

the spread of an infectious disease on a very large, often global, scale

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28
Q

periphery

A

areas of a region, country or the world that lack wealth and power and from which profits are transferred to the core

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29
Q

risk management

A

preparedness, mitigation and/or prevention of a natural or ecological hazard

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30
Q

seismograph

A

an instrument used to measure the magnitude of an earthquake

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31
Q

spatial patterns

A

distribution of a hazard and how it is spread out across a region or the earth, with its frequency and intensity

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32
Q

core

A

the part of a region, country or the world in which wealth and power and profits are concentrated

33
Q

early adopters

A

the first people/groups of people to take up a new idea, technology or product

34
Q

ecological hazard

A

a biological or chemical hazard that has the potential to impact adversely on the wellbeing of people or on the environment more generally

35
Q

vulnerablity

A

refers to the way a hazard or disaster will affect human life and property

36
Q

hazard

A

a threat (whether natural or human induced) that has the potential to cause loss of life, property damage, injury or environmental degradation

37
Q

bushfire

A

a very hot fire that moves through areas of bush or forest and can threaten the environment, people, property or infrastructure

38
Q

factors favourable for bushfires

A

high wind speed, large fuel loads, low fuel moisture, high temperatures, steep slopes

39
Q

factors that determine degree of fire impact on human life

A

proximity to fire, topography, weather conditions, size and location of buffer zones, size and intensity of fire

40
Q

low intensity fire

A

can be easily suppressed and remove mainly dry grass and leaves without affecting the living plants

41
Q

high intensity fire

A

impossible to suppress and result in total destruction of ecosystems

42
Q

benefits of fire to biodiversity

A

assist in release of seeds in plants and opens up the undergrowth

43
Q

cyclone

A

system of winds rotating inward to an area of low barometric pressure

44
Q

heatwave

A

periods of above average maximum and minimum temperatures compared to the normal climatic conditions of the location

45
Q

flood

A

overflow of large amounts of water beyond its normal limits

46
Q

drought

A

prolonged period of abnormally low rainfall, leading to a shortage of water

47
Q

proximity

A

how close the hazard is to the location

48
Q

magnitude

A

a measure of the amount, intensity and impact a hazard has on natural and cultural environments

49
Q

frequency

A

how often the hazard occurs

50
Q

duration

A

how long the hazard goes on for

51
Q

impact factors

A

proximity, duration, frequency, magnitude

52
Q

risk

A

the probability of a hazard event causing death, injury, loss or damage

53
Q

resilience

A

how well a social or environmental system can return to some degree of balance following a hazard event

54
Q

what causes malaria

A

the parasite called plasmodium, which is transmitted via the bites of infected mosquitoes q

55
Q

how can you get malaria

A

via the bite of an infected mosquito, if you receive infected blood from someone during a blood transfusion, from mother to foetus

56
Q

what is the vector for malaria

A

the female anopheles ‘night-biting’ mosquito

57
Q

symptoms of malaria

A

fever, chills, sweating, convulsions, vomiting and headaches

58
Q

malaria

A

a vector borne infectious disease caused by the single-celled protozoan parasite of the genus plasmodium

59
Q

where is malaria most prevalent

A

Africa, Asia, the Middle East, Central South America, Hispaniola and Oceania

60
Q

how many people develop clinical cases of malaria each year

A

over 300 million

61
Q

how many people live in areas at risk of malaria transmission

A

3.4 billion

62
Q

factors that influence malaria vulnerability

A

living in areas with high transmission, poverty, urbanisation, war and ivil unrest, changes in the physical/cultural environment

63
Q

most vulnerable groups of people to malaria

A

young children, pregnant women, travellers or migrants, those with little or no immunity, malnutrition

64
Q

what factors increase risk of malaria

A

inadequate housing, overcrowding, poor hygiene, poor facilities of power, water and sewage, stagnant bodies of water

65
Q

reducing future vulnerability of malaria

A

treating the host (drugs, repellent, education, nets, long sleeve clothing) and controlling the vector (insecticides, draining breeding grounds, genetic engineering, breeding larvae eating fish)

66
Q

stakeholders

A

range from global organisations to locally affected communities, include government and non-government organisations

67
Q

non government organisations

A

International red cross and Australia’s Fred hollows foundation

68
Q

united nations

A

international organisation formed in 1945, to increase political and economic cooperation between its members

69
Q

reverse diffusion

A

when an imperial power conquers a country and take an idea from there back to their own country

70
Q

implications of international takeover of a brand

A

decisions made outside the original country, original country will suffer job loss, working conditions may become an issue, quality control may be compromised

71
Q

environmental impacts of natural hazard

A

destruction of ecosystems and biodiversity, water contamination or shortages, soil degradation, spread of disease, destruction of agriulture

72
Q

social impacts of natural hazard

A

injury and loss of life, loss of jobs, loss of housing, social isolation, political instability, less access to education

73
Q

human activites

A

human settlements (eg. urbanisation), infrastructure, emergency responses, education, agriculture, mineral extraction, land clearing, economic stability

74
Q

reasons for variations in impact between LDC and MDC

A

education, hazard mitigation, infrastructure, health care, technology, transport, political systems, settlements, agriculture, poverty

75
Q

3 aspects of sustainability

A

environment, economy and society

76
Q

terroir

A

french concept which is evaluating the quality of a wine, looks at the nature of the soil, climate and topography in the location of where the wine is grown

77
Q

phylloxera

A

an insect which feeds on and poisons plants

78
Q

high mass consumption stage

A

stabilised and developed

Geography (5 decks)

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