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Civics Flashcards

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1
Q

Asylum seeker

A

A person who seeks protection as a refugee and is still waiting to have his/her application for refugee status assessed

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2
Q

Bicameral System

A

A parliament consisting of 2 houses

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3
Q

Bilateral

A

Where a treaty exists between Australia and one other country

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4
Q

Candidate

A

A person standing for election

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5
Q

Cause-and-effect relationship

A

Where one event or action is the result of another

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6
Q

Citizen

A

A person who is a member of a certain country or city, who is granted certain rights and privileges because of this and is expected to act responsibly

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7
Q

Citizenship

A

The legal status of being a citizen, granted by birth or naturalisation, giving the citizen certain rights and responsibilities

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8
Q

Civics

A

The study of government and the rights and duties of citizens

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9
Q

Coalition

A

Elected individuals or parties who have united to achieve a specific purpose

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10
Q

Cohesive society

A

A society where citizens live together peacefully

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11
Q

Concurrent powers

A

Areas in which both the Commonwealth and state parliaments can make law; if the Commonwealth and the states make laws in an area of power that conflicts, the Commonwealth law will prevail

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12
Q

Constitution

A

A set of rules that determines how an organisation will be governed

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13
Q

Constitutional conventions

A

A series of meetings held in the late 1800s, where representatives from each colony discussed the creation of a new central Commonwealth parliament

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14
Q

Contravening

A

Disobeying or breaching

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15
Q

Court hierarchy

A

A ranking of courts from lowest to highest in order of the seriousness of the type of case they can determine

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16
Q

Crown

A

The Queen of England, who is the Head of State and part of each parliament in Australia; the governor general at Commonwealth level, and the governor at state level represents the Queen

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17
Q

Democracy

A

A system of government in which the people have the power to determine how they will be ruled or managed and so elect a parliament to make and implement laws on their behalf

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18
Q

Democratic election

A

An election where voters have the right to vote for whomever they choose

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19
Q

Democratic values

A

The beliefs and values that are held by our society as a democracy

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20
Q

Direct democracy

A

Citizens meeting together to make laws for their society

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21
Q

Discrimination

A

Treating or proposing to treat, a person or group of people unfavourably because of personal characteristics such as age, race, disability, physical features or political beliefs

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22
Q

Dispute

A

Legal, an argument or disagreement between 2 or more parties to be resolved by the legal system

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23
Q

Double majority

A

The requirement that any proposed change to the wording of the Australian Constitution must be passed by a majority of voters in Australian and the states

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24
Q

Electorate

A

A designated geographical area that is represented by an elected member of Parliament

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25
Q

Executive

A

A group of senior members of parliament aka the cabinet

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26
Q

Exclusive powers

A

Areas in which only the Commonwealth Parliament can make law

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27
Q

Federal system

A

A system of government wear for the purposes of governing and lawmaking the nation has one central parliament and numerous state parliaments

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28
Q

Federation

A

This establishment of a system of government with one central Parliament and numerous state parliaments

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29
Q

Federation day

A

1 January 1901, the day when the British parliament passed a law called the Commonwealth of Australia Constitution act 1900, to unite the separate colonies of Australia and form one nation with the federal system of government

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30
Q

Freedom of political communication

A

The right to freely discuss and debate political issues

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31
Q

Global citizen

A

A person who identifies as being part of the world community and acts according to and seeks to build world community values and practices

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32
Q

Government

A

The elected members of parliament who make decisions for a nation or state. The government is made up of the party or coalition that has won a majority seat in the lower house of Parliament.

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33
Q

Governor general

A

The Queen’s representative in Australia

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34
Q

Guilty

A

Verdict in a criminal case where the accused is found to have committed an offence; also referred to as a conviction

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35
Q

House of representatives

A

The lower house of the Commonwealth Parliament

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36
Q

House of review

A

The term often used to refer to the senate in that its role as reviewing legislation that has come from House of Representatives

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37
Q

Human rights

A

Rights that all human beings possess whatever Their nationality, place of residence, sex, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, language or any other status

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38
Q

Humanitarian

A

Concerned with or seeking to promote the welfare of humans

39
Q

Implied rights

A

Rights that are deemed to exist by the High Court interpreting the Constitution

40
Q

Judge

A

The person who presides over the western Australia district and supreme courts

41
Q

Judiciary

A

The courts

42
Q

Jurisdiction

A

The power authority of the court to hear a particular type of dispute

43
Q

Jury

A

The group and randomly selected citizens who are called to determine the verdict in a criminal trial

44
Q

Justice

A

All people should treat each other in a manner that is fair and balance for all

45
Q

Justice system

A

A range of Organisations or bodies that make and enforce the law; including the courts, parliaments, police and prisons. Also referred to as the legal system

46
Q

Justices

A

Experienced and senior judges that generally sit in the Supreme Court or higher

47
Q

Kyoto protocol

A

An international treaty to reduce greenhouse gas emissions

48
Q

Laws

A

Formal legal rules that are designed to govern the way in which people behave and act so we can all live together in one peaceful and united society

49
Q

Legal obligations

A

A duty that is enforced by law

50
Q

Legal system

A

A range of Organisations or bodies that make and enforce the law; including the courts, parliaments, police and prisons. Also referred to as the justice system

51
Q

Legislation

A

A law made by Parliament also referred to as an act of parliament or statute

52
Q

Liberal democracy

A

A form of government that is a representative democracy. A liberal democracy seeks to protect the rights of the individuals such as the right to vote in free and democratic elections

53
Q

Lower house

A

One of the two houses of parliament where draft legislation bills are introduced

54
Q

Millennium development goals

A

A UN initiative in which eight international development goals were established following the millennium Summit of the United Nations in 2000

55
Q

Multilateral

A

Where at treaty exists between Australia and two more countries

56
Q

National budget

A

Annual estimate of how much money the government expects to receive and how it plans to spend it

57
Q

Opposition

A

The second largest political party or coalition of parties after the government party, in the lower house of Parliament, that works to scrutinise and oppose government policies

58
Q

Parliament

A

The National state lawmaking body that is made up of elected representatives in both the upper and lower house with a head of state. In Australia at the national parliament is referred to as the Commonwealth or federal parliament

59
Q

Parliamentary democracy

A

A system of government when people elect representatives to parliament in order to make laws that reflect the majority of voters views

60
Q

Participation

A

refers to the way good citizens contribute to take part in society

61
Q

People’s consultative assembly

A

The Indonesian national parliament which is responsible for making laws apply to the whole country

62
Q

People’s Representative assembly

A

The lower house of Indonesian National Parliament often referred to as the House of Representatives

63
Q

Policy

A

Statement of principles and aims that will shape future decision-making

64
Q

Political system

A

Structure that determines who has power to make decisions for members of a state or country

65
Q

Preamble

A

Short introduction commonly provided at the beginning of an act of parliament that explains its broad aims and objectives

66
Q

Precedent

A

A legal principle that must be followed by magistrates and judges in lower courts in the same hierarchy in cases where the facts are similar

67
Q

Provincial legislative assembly

A

Local state parliament elected by the residents of a specified geographical area called province

68
Q

ratification

A

A process that legally binds Australia to implement the treaty

69
Q

Referendum

A

The process of changing the words of the Australian Constitution

70
Q

Refugee

A

Someone who has been assessed as being forced to flee their country due to war, persecution or natural disaster

71
Q

Regional representatives council

A

The upper house of the Indonesian national parliament

72
Q

Representative government

A

Parliamentary principle that requires members of parliament to make laws for and on behalf of the majority of voters. if the government does not make laws that reflect the views and values of the majority, they risk not being re-elected

73
Q

Republic

A

A system of government whether people vote to determine the government rather than being governed by a hereditary monarch or crown

74
Q

Residual powers

A

Areas of lawmaking power not mentioned in constitution and so belong to the State only

75
Q

Resolution

A

A formal proposal to be adopted in law

76
Q

Responsible government

A

A parliamentary principle that requires members of parliament to be answerable to The voters and carry out their duties in an honest manner or resign

77
Q

Rights and responsibilities

A

refers to entitlements and duties as citizens

78
Q

Royal Assent

A

Written approval by the Queen’s representative, on behalf of the queen, for a bill to become law, after both houses of parliament have passed the bill

79
Q

Rule of law

A

The principle that the laws apply equally to all individuals and organisations throughout a nation and must be upheld by all. The rule of law also means that the law can only be enforced and altered by those within the legal authority to do so

80
Q

Senate

A

The upper house of the Federal Parliament of Australia that has 76 senators. 12 from each of the six states and 2 from the territories

81
Q

Senators

A

Individuals elected to the upper house of the federal parliament

82
Q

Separation of powers

A

Parliamentary principle that ensures no single group or body within our parliamentary system- that is not of the parliament the government or the courts -has the power to make, implement, apply and interpret the law

83
Q

Social cohesion

A

The ability of a group of people or community to live together in a peaceful and unified manner

84
Q

Specific powers

A

Areas in which the Commonwealth Parliament can make laws. specific powers and maybe concurrent or exclusive

85
Q

Supreme Court

A

The highest court in a state hierarchy that hears the most serious criminal and civil cases

86
Q

Treaties

A

Reaching international obligations which country is bound to observe

87
Q

Trial

A

A hearing to resolve and determine the outcome in a criminal or civil dispute heard in the district or Supreme Courts

88
Q

United Nations

A

An international organisation formed in 1945 with the aim of increasing political and economic corporation amongst member countries

89
Q

Universal declaration of human rights

A

The declaration adopted by the United Nations General assembly on 10 December 1948 that sets out basic human rights that should be universally protected

90
Q

Upper house

A

The second chamber of the two chamber parliament. the Senate is the other house in federal parliament and the legislative council is the upper house of the Western Australian state parliament

91
Q

Verdict

A

The decision made by a magistrate judge or jury in a court hearing on trial

92
Q

Vilify

A

To speak or write about another person in an insulting or degrading manner

93
Q

West minister system

A

The Parliamentary system of Great Britain where Parliament consists of two houses and the crown. it is the Parliamentary system used in Australia

Geography (5 decks)

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