Year 10 Georaphy Chapter 4 Terms

Question 0

atoll

Answer 0

Coral island that encircles a lagoon

Question 1

Alluvial plain

Answer 1

Area where rich sediments deposited by flooding

Question 2

Coastal dune vegetation succession

Answer 2

Process of change in the plant types of a vegetation community over time- moving from pioneering plants in high tide to full developed inland area vegetation

Question 3

Deltaic plain

Answer 3

Flat area where river(s) empties into a basin

Question 4

Dyke

Answer 4

Embankment constructed to prevent flooding by sea or river

Question 5

Dynamic equilibrium

Answer 5

When input of coastal system eg: winds & waves moving sediments onshore is equal to output that move sediments offshore, the system said to be in a steady state

Question 6

Ecosystems

Answer 6

Systems formed by interaction between living organisms & the phys elements of an Env

Question 7

Enhanced greenhouse gas emissions

Answer 7

Describes the observable trend of rising world temp over past century, especially during last decades, due to burning fossil fuels

Question 8

Floating settlements

Answer 8

Anchored buildings that float of water & able to move up & down with tides

Question 9

Ground water salinity

Answer 9

Presence of salty water that has replaced fresh water in subsurface layers of soil

Question 10

Groynes

Answer 10

Series of wooden/concrete low walls built at right angles to beach to help trap sand & build up beach

Question 11

Hinterland

Answer 11

land behind a coast or shoreline extending few km inland

Question 12

Kyoto protocol

Answer 12

Agreement negotiated in 1999 between 160 countries designed to bring about reductions in greenhouse gas emissions

Question 13

Longshore drift current

Answer 13

Current that moves sediment parallel to coast

Question 14

Mass wasting

Answer 14

Movement of rock & other debris downslope in bulk, due to destabilising force such as undermining compounded by pull of gravity

Question 15

Monsoon

Answer 15

Wind system that brings heavy rainfall over large climate regions and reverses direction seasonally

Question 16

Storm surge

Answer 16

Temporary increase in sea level from storm activity

Question 17

Training walls

Answer 17

Pair of rock walls built at a rivers mouth to force water into deeper & more stable channel
- improve navigation & reduce sand blockages

Question 18

Tsunami

Answer 18

Powerful ocean wave triggered by earthquake or volcanic activity under sea