Yamal Peninsula, Russia case study Flashcards
how much area does it cover
47,100 square miles
what is the total length and width of the peninsula
435 miles and 150 miles
how deep does permafrost penetrate
300m
what does the underlying permafrost do to the landscape
limits drainage and provides moisture for plant growth
what type of landscape is the Yamal peninsula
periglacial
what % of Nenets people are nomadic and herd reindeer
50% (of 10,000)
who is the peninsula home to
Nenets, nomadic reindeer herders
fauna species
Arctic fox, lemmings, reindeer and over 50 different species of nesting birds
flora species
lichen-moss, shrubland areas separated by bare ground or wetlands, marshes are influenced by spring floods in Autumn.
what global value does the permafrost layer have
large-scale carbon sink, storing an immense amount of carbon and methane (twice as much carbon as in the atmosphere) when released these gasses will add further warming
what do the reindeer provide the Nenets
transport, clothing, hides for tents, meat and income
what is the temperature in winter
-50 degrees
how many nomads does reindeer herding support
10,000
how many domesticated reindeer do they herd
300,000
what % of the land is privately owned
80%
what does the Yamal peninsula contain and what % of the worlds gas reserve does it hold
the largest gas reserve on the planet and 25%
what happened in the 1980s
infrastructure exploited the Bovanenkova gas field destroying the pasture fields, disrupting migration routes and causing conflict with the Nenets
in what month and year were sinkholes discovered
July 2014
what are three of the infrastructure projects
572km railway line, a gas pipe and 7 bridges
over the last 30 years, what has the temperature increased by
2 degrees
how many reindeer herders have been evicted
over 160
how many oil spill incidents are recorded per year
870
what happened between 2002 and 2012 as a result of the indigenous population moving away from their normal lifestyle
the suicide rate among the Nentsy people was 72.7/100,000 compared to 50.7/100,000 non-indigenous people
what is a threat to the global climate system
change in the carbon cycle
how much is planned to be spent on reindeer meat production
$30 million
what is venison production set to increase from
400 annual tonnes to 3000 annual tonnes
