Y9 - T1: Genetics And Inheritance

Question 1

What are the 4 steps of selective breeding?

Answer 1

1. Selected the desireable characteristics.
2. Humans find 2 parents that have those desireable characteristics.
3. Breed them together
4. The offspring with those specific characteristics are bred with another organism.

Question 2

What are the advantages of selective breeding?

Answer 2

1. Increased yields
2. Can make gentle and domesticated animals
3. Can make a variety of crops

Question 3

What are the disadvantages of selective breeding?

Answer 3

1. Can cause inbreeding
2. Susceptible to diseases
3. Can carry harmful recessive alleles

Question 4

What does GMO stand for?

Answer 4

Genetically Modified Organisms

Question 5

What is selective breeding?

Answer 5

When humans choose parents with desireable characteristics to breed together.

Question 6

What is genetic engineering?

Answer 6

This is when you change characteristics for an organism by introducing desireable genes from another organism

Question 7

What are the stages of genetic engineering?

Answer 7

1. Selected the desired characteristic
2. Isolate the gene responsible for that desired characteristic (using enzymes)
3. Insert gene into the organism
4. Replication of the organism

Question 8

What is cloning?

Answer 8

This is when you make a genetically identical copy of an organism.

Question 9

How can cloning happen?

Answer 9

1. Naturally during asexual reproduction
2. Artificially in a laboratory

Question 10

What are the stages of cloning?

Answer 10

1. Take a normal body cell and take out the nucleus
2. Take an egg cell and discard the nucleus
3. Put the nucleus from the normal body cell into the egg cell
4. Give an electric shock to the egg cell to stimulate cell division and form an embryo
5. Place the egg cell into the uteras of an organism so the cell can grow

Question 11

What are the advantages of cloning?

Answer 11

1. Lots of offsprings can be produced very quickly
2. Only one parent is needed
3. Less energy is required

Question 12

What are the disadvantages of cloning?

Answer 12

1. Overpopulation may occur
2. No genetic variation
3. Suscpetible to diseases

Question 13

What are the advantages of genetic engineering?

Answer 13

1. Reduced cost for food or pesticides
2. Enhanced nutrients and food quality

Question 14

What are the disadvantages of genetic engineering?

Answer 14

1. Susceptible to diseases
2. Unknown harm to the environment
3. Don’t know the health benefits or side effects