Y8 Tudors and Stuarts new

Question 1

When did Henry Tudor become King Henry VIII?

Answer 1

1509

Question 2

List three good things King Henry VIII did for England.

Answer 2

Henry expanded the English navy, created the Church of England (Protestant), committed himself to having a strong male heir, dealt harshly with traitors (people who go against the king).

Question 3

List three bad things King Henry VIII did for England.

Answer 3

Henry spent most of the treasury on unsuccessful wars against France, he gambled, spent a lot of money on his clothes and palace (Hampton Court), attacked the Catholic Church, destroyed the monasteries, created instability by having 6 wives.

Question 4

Which one of Henry’s children ruled the longest?

Answer 4

His middle child, Elizabeth. She ruled England for 45 years (1558-1603).

Question 5

Who was Mary Queen of Scots?

Answer 5

Elizabeth’s Scottish cousin. Queen Elizabeth had her executed for treason (going against the queen) in 1587.

Question 6

Why didn’t Queen Elizabeth I get married?

Answer 6

She said that her heart belonged to England. She could not decide who to marry. People were afraid that a husband might overpower her as queen. Her heart had been broken in the past.

Question 7

Why did King Philip II of Spain try to attack England in 1588?

Answer 7

Philip was angry that Elizabeth wouldn’t marry him, that England was no longer Catholic and that English pirates were attacking Spanish ships.

Question 8

Why did the Spanish Armada fail?

Answer 8

English used fire ships that caused the Spanish ships to scatter. Many sank in a storm in the North Sea when they tried to escape.

Question 9

When was the Gunpowder Plot?

Answer 9

5th November, 1605

Question 10

Which king were the Gunpowder plotters trying to blow up?

Answer 10

King James I

Question 11

What caused the Gunpowder plot?

Answer 11

King James was Scottish, he did not treat Catholics very well.

Question 12

Who was King James I’s son?

Answer 12

King Charles I.

Question 13

What major war took place from 1642-1651 between the Royalists and Parliamentarians?

Answer 13

The English Civil War

Question 14

Name two causes of the English Civil War.

Answer 14

King Charles I was unpopular because he married a Catholic and charged high taxes. Parliament refused to give Charles anymore money, so he ruled without Parliament for 11 years. Charles attacked Parliament, hoping to defeat them and take back total control.

Question 15

Who were the Royalists in the Civil War?

Answer 15

Supported the king, nobles, upper class, rural areas, church, poor and some MPs.

Question 16

Who were the Parliamentartians in the Civil War?

Answer 16

Members of Parliament (MPs), Protestants, merchants, businessmen, London and large towns/ports such as Gloucester and Plymouth.

Question 17

Which early battle did the Royalists win?

Answer 17

Battle of Edgehill, 23rd October 1642

Question 18

Who was Oliver Cromwell?

Answer 18

A Member of Parliament (MP) and became the leader of the Parliamentarians

Question 19

What was the New Model Army?

Answer 19

Oliver Cromwell’s hand picked army. He trained them, provided them with equipment, gave them a uniform and paid them a wage.

Question 20

Why did the Royalists lose the war?

Answer 20

New Model Army was too strong, Parliament had control of the money, gunpowder and ports to get trade, the Royalists struggled to get resources to fight with.

Question 21

Why did Parliament order King Charlies’ execution in 1649?

Answer 21

They didn’t trust Charles as he started a second Civil War, they were worried that Charles supporters would always try to get him back on the throne if he was alive.