Y3 Children's Health Flashcards
What is health promotion?
Any planned activity designed to enhance health or prevent disease
An overarching principle/activity which enhances health and include disease prevention, health education and health protection. It may be planned or opportunistic
What are factors affecting health and which of these areas can be affected by health promotion?
Genetics, access, environment, lifestyle
The last three are affected by health promotion
What are the 3 theories of health promotion?
Education - provides knowledge and education to enable necessary skills to rate informed choices re health
Socioeconomic - national policies
Psychological - complex relationship between behaviour, knowledge, attitude and beliefs. Activities start from an individual attitude to health and readiness to change. Emphasis on whether the individual is ready to change
What is health education?
An activity involving communication with individuals or groups aimed at changing knowledge, beliefs, attitudes and behaviour in a direction which is conducive to improvements in health
What is health protection?
Involves collective activities directed at factors which are beyond the control of the individual. Health protection activities tends to be regulations or policies or voluntary codes of practice aimed at the prevention of ill health or the positive enhancement of well-being
What is empowerment?
Refers to the generation of power in those individuals and groups which previously considered themselves to be unable to control situations nor act on the basis of their choices
What are the benefits of empowerment?
An ability to resist social power
An ability to utilise effective coping strategies when faced by an unhealthy environment
A heightened consciousness of action
What is primary prevention?
Measures taken to prevent onset of illness or injury
Reduces probability and/or severity of illness or injury
For example, smoking cessation or immunisation
What is secondary prevention?
Detection of a disease at an early (preclinical) stage in order to cure, prevent or lessen symptomatology
What is Wilson’s criteria for screening?
Illness - pre-clinical stage that can be detected, important public health problem, understand the natural history
Test - available, sensitive, specific, safe, acceptable to public and professionals, cost effective, cost-benefit analysis
Treatment - effective, safe, acceptable, facilities available
What is tertiary prevention?
Measures to limit distress or disability caused by disease
What is homeostasis?
A tendency to stability
What are some factors affecting health in children / teens?
Diet - families often don’t eat together, parents may not have time to implement health diet
Exercise - should get at least 60 minutes, if unable to attend sports due to transport probably won’t get that
Sleep - should get 8-10 hours a night but often not possible if they have to get up early and have homework to do at night
Social issues
What are the advantages of the UK that allow us to enable effective health promotion?
Fewer financial factors
Profit earning organisation would maybe encourage more treatment than necessary
What are challenges to successful health promotion?
Doctors are cynical about planned health promotion
Health activities have not been adequately evaluated
