Y1 Ch 01 Nucleotide Flashcards
Nucleon Definition
A particle in the nucleus.
The specific charge of a particle
The charge per unit mass
Specific charge equation
charge/mass
Forces inside the atom
Electromotive force, Gravitational force, strong nuclear force.
Why is gravitational force negligible?
The electromagnetic force is so much greater than gravity another force is needed to keep the nucleus together.
Why are some nucleuses unstable?
Atoms are too big, the number of neutrons and protons are unbalanced.
Beta - decay produces
an atom, an electron and an antineutrino.
Beta + decay produces
an atom a positron and a neutrino.
Why does the neutrino exist?
To keep the conservation of energy and momentum.
Annihilation
When a particle and an antiparticle collide and cancel each other out. Two photons travelling opposite directions are produced.
Pair Production
Gamma photons with enough energy can produce an electron-positron pair.
Conditions for pair production
The photons must be near a nucleus in order to satisfy conservation of momentum and to prevent the electron ad the positron from annihilating each other.
