Xray Emission Spectrum

Question 1

Types of spectrum

Answer 1

Discrete

Continuous

Question 2

Contains only specific values

Answer 2

Discrete spectrum

Question 3

All possible values

Answer 3

Continuous spectrum

Question 4

Have a range of energies and form a continuous emission spectrum

Answer 4

Bremsstrahlung X-rays

Question 5

Precisely fixed energies and form the discrete emission spectrum

Answer 5

Characteristic X-rays

Question 6

Adding up the total number of x-rays over the entire spectrum emitted

Answer 6

Integration

Question 7

Characterized by quantity and quality

Answer 7

X-ray beam

Question 8

Number of X-rays in the beam

Answer 8

Quantity

Question 9

Penetrability of the beam

Answer 9

Quality

Question 10

Intensity of the beam is measured in

Answer 10

Roentgens (R)
milliroentgens (mR)
mGya

Question 11

Intensity of the X-ray beam

Answer 11

X-ray quantity

Question 12

Amount of X-rays

Answer 12

Quantity of X-rays

Question 13

Measure of the number of ion pairs produced in air by quantity of xrays

Answer 13

Roentgen (mGya)

Question 14

Ionization of air increases

Answer 14

Number of X-rays on the beam increases

Question 15

Exposure rate is expressed in

Answer 15

mR/s
mR/min
mR/mAs

Question 16

Larger the area under the curve

Answer 16

Higher is the X-ray intensity or quantity

Question 17

Factors affecting X-ray quantity

Answer 17

mA or mAs
kVp
Filtration
Voltage waveform

Question 18

Doubling the mA or mAs will produce

Answer 18

Twice as many X-ray at every energy

Question 19

Change in mA or mAs results in

Answer 19

Proportional change in the amplitude of the X-ray emission spectrum

Question 20

Change in kVp affects

Answer 20

Both the amplitude and position of the X-ray emission spectrum

Question 21

Area under the curve and the output intensity is

Answer 21

Proportional to the square of the ratio of the kVp change

Question 22

15% increase in the kVp

Answer 22

Equivalent to doubling the mAs

Question 23

Metal filters ranges from

Answer 23

1 to 5 mm of Aluminum

Question 24

Purpose of filtration

Answer 24

Reduce the number of low energy X-rays

Question 25

Adding filtration to the useful beam

Answer 25

Reduces patient dose

Question 26

Reduced X-ray beam intensity

Answer 26

Added filtration

Question 27

Absorbs low energy X-rays

Answer 27

Added filtration

Question 28

Hardens the beam because of its relative increase in average energy

Answer 28

Added filtration

Question 29

Produce the lowest voltage ripple

Answer 29

High frequency generators

Question 30

Regular variation in a direct current voltage

Answer 30

Voltage ripple

Question 31

Quantity of X-rays is

Answer 31

Much greater at peak voltages than at lower voltages

Question 32

Energy of the beam increases

Answer 32

Penetrability also increase

Question 33

Ability of X-rays to penetrate deeper in the tissue

Answer 33

Penetrability

Question 34

Penetrability of X-ray beam

Answer 34

X-ray quality

Question 35

Process of removing low energy X-rays

Answer 35

Filtration

Question 36

Filtered X-ray beam

Answer 36

Monoenergetic (reduced patient dose)

Question 37

Improve contrast means

Answer 37

To remove X-rays with energies above certain levels

Question 38

Removal of regions of an X-ray beam

Answer 38

Not normally possible

Question 39

Efficient in removing low energy X-rays through photoelectric effect

Answer 39

Aluminum

Question 40

Aluminum is

Answer 40

Readily available Inexpensive Easily shaped

Question 41

Types of filtration

Answer 41

Inherent | Added

Question 42

Glass or metal enclosure

Answer 42

Inherent filtration

Question 43

Window provides

Answer 43

A low inherent filtration

Question 44

Inherent filtration is approx.

Answer 44

0.5mm Al equivalent

Question 45

X-ray tube used in mammography have

Answer 45

Very thin X-ray tube window (equivalent of 0.1mm Al filtration)

Question 46

Thin sheet of aluminum positioned bet the protective housing and X-ray beam collimator

Answer 46

Added filtration

Question 47

Range of values of any quantity such as X-rays

Answer 47

Spectrum