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Rad Physics II > High Voltage Generator (Part 2) > Flashcards

High Voltage Generator (Part 2) Flashcards

1
Q

Limits current from power line to generator

A

Circuit breaker

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2
Q

Allows generator to be DISCONNECTED from power line

A

Circuit Breaker

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3
Q

Used to change incoming power to needed levels

A

High Voltage Section/Generator

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4
Q

Responsible for increasing the output voltage

A

High Voltage Section/Generator

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5
Q

Used for ELECTRICAL INSULATION

A

Oil

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6
Q

The secondary voltage is higher than the primary voltage

A

Step up transformer

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7
Q

Generator operates only on ___

A

Alternating current

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8
Q

In HVS the voltage waveform is

A

Sinusoidal

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9
Q

Only difference bet primary and secondary waveforms

A

Amplitude

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10
Q

Primary voltage is measured in

A

Volts

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11
Q

Secondary voltage is measured in

A

kilovolt peak (kVp)

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12
Q

Primary current is measured in

A

Amperes

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13
Q

Secondary current is measured in

A

milliamperes

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14
Q

Derived from a cell or a battery

A

Direct current

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15
Q

The positive and negative terminals are fixed

A

Direct current

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16
Q

No fixed terminal

A

Alternating current

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17
Q

X-ray tube must be provided with

A

Direct current

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18
Q

X-rays are produced by _____ from cathode to anode

A

Acceleration of electrons

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19
Q

X-rays cannot be produced by electrons flowing in the ____

A

Reverse direction (anode to cathode)

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20
Q

Process of AC is converted into DC

A

Rectification

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21
Q

Ensure electron flow in one direction (cathode to anode)

A

Rectification

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22
Q

Electronic device that allows current flow in only one direction

A

Rectifier

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23
Q

A device that performs the opposite function (DC to AC)

A

Inverter

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24
Q

Electronic device that contains two electrodes

A

Diode

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25
Q

Conductor through which electric current is passed

A

Electrode

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26
Q

Electrode may be

A

Wires
Plates
Rods

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27
Q

Made of silicon

A

Solid state rectifiers

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28
Q

Have the ability to conduct electricity

A

Semiconductors

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29
Q

Have loosely bound electrons

A

n-type

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30
Q

Spaces (holes), no electrons

A

p-type

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31
Q

If higher potential is placed in the p-side of the junction,

A

Electrons and holes will migrate towards the junction

32
Q

Flow of electrons and holes constitutes an _____

A

Electric current

33
Q

If positive potential is placed on the n-side,

A

Electrons and holes will be swept away from the junction

34
Q

No flow of electrons

A

No electric current

35
Q

Unrectified voltage

A

Alternating current

36
Q

In unrectified voltage, the current that passes through the X-ray tube during

A

Positive half cycle

37
Q

During the negative half of the cycle

A

Current can flow only from anode to cathode

38
Q

Not constructed I emit electrons

39
Q

Simplest type of rectifier

A

Half wave rectifier

40
Q

Uses one diode

A

Half wave rectifier

41
Q

During the positive portion (half wave)

A

Allows electric current to pass through the X-ray tube

42
Q

Negative portion (half wave)

A

No electric current

43
Q

Problems of half wave rectification

A

Wastes half of the electric power supply

Twice the exposure time

44
Q

Consists of atleast four diodes

A

Full wave rectification

45
Q

Four rectifiers are arranged in

A

Bridge rectifier

46
Q

The negative half-cycle (full wave) corresponds to

A

Inverse voltage is reverse

47
Q

In full wave rectification

A

Anode is always positive

48
Q

No gaps in the output waveform

A

Full wave rectification

49
Q

All of the input waveform is converted to

A

Usable output

50
Q

Pulsed X-ray output of a full wave rectified machine occurs

A

120 times each second

51
Q

Another way to characterized the voltage waveform

A

Voltage ripple

52
Q

Percentage of maximum kV

A

Voltage ripple

53
Q

Less voltage ripple =

A

Greater radiation quantity and quality

54
Q

Length of time in seconds that the waveform takes to repeat itself

55
Q

Waveform for sine waves

A

Periodic time

56
Q

Waveform for square waves

A

Pulse width

57
Q

Number of times that the waveform repeats itself

58
Q

Reciprocal of the time period

59
Q

Unit of frequency

60
Q

Magnitude or intensity of the signal waveform

61
Q

Amplitude is measured in

A

Volts or amps

62
Q

Voltage waveforms are produced by

A

single-phase electric power

63
Q

SPP results in a

A

Pulsating X-ray beam

64
Q

Single phase input power results in

A

Pulsed radiation

65
Q

X-rays produced with SPP has a value near zero

A

Little value because of lower energy

66
Q

Disadvantages of pulsed radiation

A

Only significant when voltage is near peak

Produce low-energy photons (contribute to dose)

67
Q

Multiple voltage waveforms are superimposed on one another

A

Three-Phase Power

68
Q

All three wires :

A

Carry the same current

Constantly balanced power load

69
Q

Usually operates at 500 to 25,000 Hz

A

High frequency generator

70
Q

Uses inverter circuits

A

High frequency voltage generator

71
Q

Inverter circuits which are high speed switches converts

A

DC into a series of square pulse

72
Q

Much smaller than 60Hz high voltage generator

A

High frequency generator

73
Q

Produces a near constant potential voltage waveform

A

High frequency generator

74
Q

Measured in kilowatts (kW)

75
Q

Generator connected to power line through a _____

A

Circuit breaker

Rad Physics II (10 decks)

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