XI: Chapter 5: Morphology of flowering plants Flashcards
1
Q
What are binneal plants?
A
Binneal plants complete their life cycle in two growing seasons.
First season: vegetatice growth
Second season: reproductive growth
2
Q
What is a woody climber called?
A
Liana
3
Q
Give an example of a liana?
A
Bauhinia
4
Q
Are nodes present in roots?
A
No
5
Q
What is the length of a root hair?
A
1 to 6 cm
6
Q
What is the length of zone of elongation?
A
4 to 8 mm
7
Q
What is the length of meristematic zone?
A
1 to 2 mm
8
Q
Which zone of root makes it increase in length?
A
Zone of elongation
9
Q
What type of cells are present in the root cap?
A
Parenchymatic cells
10
Q
Radicle buds are found in
A
Sweet potato, dahalia
11
Q
What is calyptra?
A
Root cap
12
Q
What forms the calyptra in plant roots?
A
Calyptrogen
13
Q
What is the function of root pockets?
A
Help plant in floating
14
Q
Which plant has stilt roots with root pockets?
A
Pandanus (screw pine)
15
Q
Root cap is absent in
A
Hydrophytes
16
Q
Tuberous root (tap root) is found in
A
Mirabilis jalapa
17
Q
Buttress root are found in
A
Peepal
18
Q
Which type of adventitious roots are found in banyan?
A
Prop/pillar roots
19
Q
Name the adventitious roots found in sugarcane and maize.
A
Stilt roots
20
Q
Climbing roots arise from which part of plant?
A
Stem
21
Q
Prop roots arise from
A
Stem branch
22
Q
Stilt roots arise from
A
Nodes
23
Q
Tuberous adventitious root is present in
A
Sweet potato
24
Q
What root modification is found in grapes?
A
Beaded/monoliform adventitious roots
25
Fasciculated roots are found in
Dahalia, asparagus
26
What root modification is found in mango ginger?
Nodulated adventitious roots
27
Palamate roots are found in
Orchids
28
Contractile roots are found in
Saffron
29
Root thorns are found in
Acanthorrhiza
30
Assimilatory roots are found in
Trapa, tinospora
31
Haustorial roots are present in
Dodder (cuscuta)
32
Hygroscopic roots are also known as
Epiphytic roots
33
Which plant has hollow stem
Banana
34
Which plant has the largest bud?
Brassica oleracea capitata
35
What are true buds?
True buds arise at the nodes of stem
36
Where do cauline buds arise from?
Arise from any part of stem other than the node
37
What are accessory buds?
Arise from either sides of axillary buds
38
Bulbils are modification of
buds
39
What is the role of bulbils?
Help in perennation
40
What are the fleshy buds found in aquatic plant which help in perennation called?
Turions
41
Turions are found in
Utricularia and potamogeton
42
Bud tendrils are found in
Cucumber, pumpkin, watermelon, grapevine
43
Stem tendrils are found in
Cucurbits and passiflora
44
Stem thorns are present in
Citrus
45
Cylindrical phylloclade is found in
Euphorbia
46
Which is the rose-end of potato?
The end with many eyes
47
Which is the heel end of potato?
The end with less eyes
48
What stem modification is present in a banana?
Rhizome
49
Which is larger: rhizome or corm?
Corm
50
Simple bulbs are found in
Lily, gladolias
51
Tunicated bulbs are found in
Onion, garlic
52
Which stem modification is found in chrysanthemum?
Sucker
53
Which stem modification is found in strawberry?
Runner
54
Stolons are found in
Jasmine and mint
55
what stem modication is found in pineapples?
Sucker
56
What is a caudex?
Cylindrical and large unbrached stem with crown of leaves
57
Caudex is found in
Date palm, coconut
58
What happens to the stem in a culm?
It is hollow
59
Culm is found in
Bamboo
60
What type of unbranched stem does an onion have?
Scape
61
Which plant has the largest leaves?
Victoria regia
62
In what manner are leaves arranged in a plant?
Acropetal
63
What is also called hypopodium?
Leaf base
64
What is also called mesopodium in a leaf?
Leaf stalk/Petiole
65
What is also called epipodium?
Lamina of leaf
66
What is pulvinus?
Swollen leaf base in legumes
67
What is the petiole of a compound leaf called?
Rachis
68
What are membranous leaf like structures present on the sides of petiole called?
Stipule
69
What is the time interval between two leaves called?
Plastochrome
70
What are the first formed leaves of a plant called?
Prophyll
71
What type of leaves come out of the soil with the first formed leaves of a plant?
Cotyledonary leaves
72
What are membranous, brown, scaly, dry and sessile leaves called?
Cataphylls
73
What are the leaves found on the axil of a flower called?
Bracts
74
What is a tongue shaped leaf covering the leaf base and stem called?
Ligule
75
What areleaf-like structures present on the leaf base called?
Stipules
76
Where are bracteoles present?
Between bracts and flower
77
What is phyllotaxy?
Arrangement of leaves on stem
78
Opposite phyllotaxy is found in?
Guava and calotropis
79
Alternate phyllotaxy is found in
China rose, mustard and sunflower
80
Sprial phyllotaxy is also known as
Alternate phyllotaxy
81
How are leaves arranged in deccusate phllotaxy?
Leaves are arranged at right angles to each other
82
What is an example of deccusate phyllotaxy?
Tulsi
83
What type of leaves are found in silk cotton?
Palamately compound leaves
84
What leaf modification is found in Parkinsonia?
Phyllode
85
Leaf hooks are found in
Begonia
86
Whole leaf is modified into tendril in
Wild pea
87
In sweet pea, tendril are formed from
Upper part of leaf
88
Rachis is modified into tendril in
Clematis
89
What is the axis of of inflorescence called?
Peduncle
90
What is the axis of a flower called?
Pedicel
91
Receptacle of flower is a modification of
Peduncle
92
How are flowers arranged in a racemose inflorescence?
Acropetally and centripetally
93
Which inflorescence has indeterminates/indefinite growth?
Racemose
94
Raceme is found in
Larkspur
95
Which inflorescence is found in mustard?
Corymbose
96
Which inflorescence is found in mulberry
Catkin
97
Spadix inflorescence is found in
Colocasia
98
Which inflorescnce is found in sunflower?
Capitulum
99
How are flowers arranged in a cymose inflorescence?
Basipetally and centrifugally
100
Scorpioid cyme is found in
Rananculus
101
Helicoid cyme is found in
Begonia
102
Inflorescence found in oats is
Panicle of spikelets
103
Inflorescence found in wheat is
Spike of spikelets
104
Mixed spadix inflorescence is found in
Banana
105
Hypanthodium is found in
Ficus
106
What is the shape of receptacle in ficus?
Flask shaped
107
Where are female flowers located in hypanthodium inflorescence?
Towards the base
108
Where are male flowers located in hypanthodium inflorescence?
Towards the pore
109
What kind of inflorescence is found in Tulsi?
Verticellaster
110
What kind of inflorescence is found in euphorbia?
Cyathium
111
Which inflorescences look like flowers?
Capitulum and cyathium
112
How many female flowers are persent in cyathium inflorescence?
Large single female flower
113
What is a perfect flower?
Bisexual flower
114
What is an imperfect flower?
Unisexual flower
115
What is neuter flower?
Flower with both male and female whorls absent.
116
What is the example of neuter flower?
Ray florets of sunflower
117
What is a monochlamydous flower?
Flower with perianth
118
Which flower is asymmetrical?
Canna
119
Which type of ovary is found in plums?
Perigynous
120
Which type of ovary is found in guava and cucumber?
Epigynous
121
Cauducous sepals are found in
Poppy
122
Persistant calyx is found in
Tomato, chilli, brinjal
123
Pappus is found in
Family compositae
124
What is the function of pappus?
Air dispersal
125
What are pappus formed from?
Calyx
126
Epicalyx is found in family
Malvaceae and rosaceae
127
What kind of aestivation is found in calotropis?
Valvate
128
What kind of aestivation is found in china rose?
Twisted
129
Imbricate aestivation is found in
gulmohar
130
Kidney shaped anther is present in
China rose
131
S-shaped anther is present in
Family cucurbitaceae
132
What do cohesion and adhesion refer to in anthers?
Cohesion- stamen attached to each other
| Adhesion- Stamen attached to other whorls
133
Monoadelphous stamens are present in
Hibiscus
134
Diadelphous stamens are present in
Pea
135
Polyadelphous stamens are present in
Citrus
136
Epipetalous stamens are found in
Cucurbitaceae, solanaceae
137
Gynandrous stamens are present in
Calotropis
138
Diadynamous stamens are present in
Tulsi, Salvia
139
Tetradynamous stamens are present in
Mustard
140
How many short and long stamens are present in tetradyanmous condition?
Inner four long, outer two short
141
What is heterostomany? Give an example.
Heterostomany is presence of numerous stamens of different lengths. Eg- cassia
142
What forms the fruit after fertilisation?
Ovary
143
Apocarpous condition is found in
Lotus and rose
144
Syncarpous condition is found in
Tomato, mustard
145
Axile placentation is found in
Tomato hibiscus
146
Parietal placentation is found in
Mustard and argemone
147
Free central placentation is found in
Dianthus and primrose
148
Basal placentation is found in
Sunflower and marigold
149
Perisperm develops from nucellus in which kind of seeds?
Non endospermous
150
Where is food stored in non endospermic seeds?
Cotyledons
151
Which is the outermost layer of a dicot seed?
Testa
152
Where is micropyle located?
Above hilum
153
How many layers does the seed coat of monocot seed have?
One (testa)
154
What is the poidy of aleurone layer?
Triploid
155
What aspect of a flower can be shown in a floral formula but not in a floral diagram?
Position of ovary
156
What aspect of a flower can be shown in a floral diagram but not in a floral formaula?
Position of mother axis
157
What is the phyllotaxy of leaves in family Fabaceae?
Alternate
158
What veination is found in family Fabaceae?
Parallel veination
159
What is the inflorescence in family Fabaceae?
Racemose
160
What is the aestivation of calyx in family Fabaceae?
Imbricate
161
What is the fruit of family Fabaceae called?
Legume
162
What type of seeds are present in family Fabaceae?
Non-endospermous
163
Indigo belongs to family
Fabaceae
164
What kind of phyllotaxy is found in family Solanaceae?
Alternate
165
What kind of inflorescence is found in family solanaceae?
Solitary, axillary, cymose
166
What is the aestivation of calyx and corolla in family Solanceae?
Valvate
167
Which floral whorl are the stamens of family solanaceae attached to?
Corolla
168
What placentation is found family solanaceae?
Axile
169
What type of fruit is found in family Solanaceae?
Berry/capsule
170
What type of seeds are present in family Solanaceae?
Endospermous
171
Bracts are present in which family?
Liliaceae
172
What type of inflorescence is found in family Liliaceae?
Cymose
173
What is the aestivation of calyx of family Liliaceae?
Valvate
174
What type of fruit is present in family Liliaceae?
Capsule and rarely berry
175
What type of seeds are found in family liliaceae?
Endospermic
176
WHat is the aestivation of calyx of family brassicaceae?
Imbricate
177
What type of seed is found in family brassicaceae?
Endospermic
178
What is the scientific name cauliflower?
Brassica oleracea botrytis
179
Synthesis of plant growth regulators is a function of root system. True/Flase.
True
180
Which cells form the root hair?
Epidermal cells
181
What part of zaminkand modifies to store food?
Stem
182
What does the axillary bud form on maturation?
Branch
183
In which plants does the leaf base expand into a sheath covering the stem partially or wholly?
Monocots
184
Where is the placenta situated in marginal placentation?
Placenta is situated along the ridge forming a ventral suture
185
How many rows do the ovules born on the ridge in a marginal placentation form?
Two
186
What kind of placentation is found in china rose?
Axile
187
Where do the ovules develop in parietal placentation?
On inner wall of ovary
188
Where are ovules borne in a free central placentation?
On central axis
189
What kind of ovary forms a drupe?
Monocarpellary superior ovary
190
WHat is the ediple part of coconut?
seed
191
Give the example of a monocot seed which is non endopsermic?
Orchids
192
What is the nature of seed coat of monocot seeds?
Membranous, fused with fruit wall
193
Fabaceae is the subfamily of family
Leguminaceae
194
How many styles are present in plants of family fabaceae?
One
195
Name all the different types of indehiscent dry fruits.
```
Achenes
Caryopsis
Cypsela
Nut
Samara
Schizocarpic fruits
```
196
Name all types of dehiscent dry fruits.
Follicle
Legume
Siliqua
Capsule
197
Name all types of fleshy fruits.
```
Drupe
Berry
Pome
Pepo
Hesperidium
```
198
A dry indehiscent one-seeded fruit from a superior simple pistil where the seed coat is separable from the pericarp is called
Achene
199
A dry indehiscent one-seeded fruit from a superior simple pistil where the seed coat and pericarp are inseparably united, is called
Caryopsis
200
A one-seeded dry indehiscent fruit from an inferior bicarpellary pistil is called
Cypsela
201
A one-seeded fruit from a superior bi- or polycarpellary pistil with tough and woody pericarp is called
Nut
202
A fruit with a pair of winged outgrowths is called
Samara
203
A dry indehiscent fruit from inferior bicarpellary pistil. After ripening the two one-seeded parts separate and remain attached to an axis. What is the fruit called?
Schizocarpic fruit
204
a dry dehiscent fruit from a monocarpellary pistil which dehisces by one suture only, along the ventral suture is called
Follicle
205
A many-seeded fruit from a monocarpellary pistil which dehisces by both the sutures, ventrally and dorsally from apex to base is called
Legume
206
a dry dehiscent many-seeded fruit from a superior bicarpellary pistil which dehisces from the base upwards is called
Siliqua
207
What is the false partition wall in siliqua called
Replum
208
a dry many- chambered fruit from a polycarpellary pistil which dehisces by splitting into a number of parts is called
Capsule
209
a fleshy fruit, usually many-seeded, from a simple or compound pistil where stony endocarp is lacking and seeds remain freely in the pulp is called
Berry
210
a false fleshy fruit from syncarpous pistil surrounded by thalamus, which forms the main edible part of the fruit is called
Pome
211
a many-chambered fruit from a syncarpous pistil where epicarp and mesocarp unite to form the separable rind. Many juicy hairs develop from the pericarp, which constitute the edible part of the fruit. This fruit is called
Hesperidium
212
a multiple fruit from an inflorescence spadix with fleshy axis is called
Sorosis
213
A fruit that develops from the special inflorescence, hypanthodium with fleshy hollow receptacle is called
Syconus
