XI: Chapter 1- The Living World

Question 1

What are the twin characteristics of growth?

Answer 1

Increase in mass and increase in number of individuals.

Question 2

Mule is the hybrid of?

Answer 2

Male donkey and female horse

Question 3

Hinny is the hybrid of?

Answer 3

Female donkey and male horse

Question 4

The number and type of organisms present on earth comprise

Answer 4

Biodiversity

Question 5

The process of grouping things into categories based on easily observable characters is called

Answer 5

Classification

Question 6

Process of classification in which organisims are classified into taxa is known as

Answer 6

Taxonomy

Question 7

The branch of biology that deals with identification, nomenclature and classification while also taking into account the evolutionary relationship between organisms is callled

Answer 7

Systematics

Question 8

What is difference between taxa and category?

Answer 8

Taxa- a group of living organisms

Category- rank of the taxa

Question 9

A group of individual organisms with fundamental similarities is known as

Answer 9

Species

Question 10

Convolvulaceae and Solanaceae are included in which order? What is this classification based on?

Answer 10

They are included in order Polymoniales based on floral characters.

Question 11

As we go higher from species to kingdom the number of common characteristics goes on

Answer 11

Decreasing

Question 12

Give the taxonomical classification of humans.

Answer 12

sapiens (species)
Homo (genus)
Homonidae (family)
Primata (order)
Mammalia (class)
Chordata (phylum)
Animalia (kingdom)

Question 13

Give the taxonomical classification of housefly.

Answer 13

domestica (species)
Musca (genus)
Muscidae (family)
Diptera (order)
Insecta (class)
Arthropoda (phylum)
Animalia (kingdom)

Question 14

Give the taxonomical classification of mango.

Answer 14

indica (species)
Mangifera (genus)
Anacardiaceae (family)
Sapindales (order)
Dicotyledonae (class)
Angiospermae (division)
Plantae (kindgom)

Question 15

Give the taxonomical classification of wheat.

Answer 15

aestivum (species)
Triticum (genus)
Poaceae (family)
Poales (order)
Monocotyledonae (class)
Angiospermae (division)
Plantae (kingdom)

Question 16

What serve as quick referral systems in taxonomical studies?

Answer 16

Herbariums

Question 17

What is the size of a herbarium sheet?

Answer 17

29 cm by 41 cm

Question 18

What information does the herbarium sheet label provide?

Answer 18

1) Date and place of collection
2) English, local and botanical names
3) Family
4) Collector’s name

Question 19

Herbarium sheets are arranged according to which system of classification?

Answer 19

Bentham and Hooker classification

Question 20

What do the labels on specimens in a botanical garden describe?

Answer 20

Scientific name and family

Question 21

Which is the largest botanical garden of the world?

Answer 21

Royal botanical garden, Kew, England

It has 6 million specimes.

Question 22

Which is the largest botanical garden of India?

Answer 22

Indian Botanical Garden, Sibpur, Howrah, Kolkata

It has 2 million specimens.

Question 23

How are insects preserved in a museum?

Answer 23

Insects are preserved in insect boxes after collecting, killing and pinning.

Question 24

What are keys based on?

Answer 24

Similarities and dissimilarities between organisms

Question 25

What is a flora?

Answer 25

Flora contains actual account of habitat and distribution of plants in a given area.

Question 26

What provides an index to plant specimens in an area?

Answer 26

Flora

Question 27

What provide information for identification of names of species of an area?

Answer 27

Manuals

Question 28

Who gave the trinomial system of nomenclature?

Answer 28

Huxley and Stricklandt

Question 29

Tautonyms are scietific names with

Answer 29

Same genric name and specific epithet (for eg. Naja naja)

Question 30

Autonyms are scientific names with

Answer 30

Same specific epithet and subspecies (for eg. Homo sapiens sapiens)

Question 31

Tribe lies between which two taxa?

Answer 31

Family and genus

Question 32

Who is the father of taxonomy?

Answer 32

Carolus Linnaeus

Question 33

Who gave the term systematics?

Answer 33

The first authentic use of this word was done by C Linnaeus in his book Systema Naturae.

Question 34

Who gave the term new systematics?

Answer 34

Huxley

Question 35

Who gave the term species?

Answer 35

John Ray

Question 36

Who gave the term taxonomy?

Answer 36

Candolle

Question 37

Father of Indian taxonomy is

Answer 37

Satapu

Question 38

Who gave the term phylum?

Answer 38

Haeckel

Question 39

Where is Lloyd Botanical Garden located?

Answer 39

Darjeeling

Question 40

Which botanical garden is found in Lucknow?

Answer 40

National Botanical Garden

Question 41

What is a cladogram?

Answer 41

Tree like graphical representation of taxonomic hierarchy.

Question 42

What is the basis of alpha taxonomy?

Answer 42

Morphology

Question 43

What is the basis of beta taxonomy?

Answer 43

Genetics, anatomy, cytology, etc

Question 44

What is the basis of gamma taxonomy?

Answer 44

Phyllogeny

Question 45

Experimental taxonomy is related with establishing

Answer 45

Genetic relationships

Question 46

Unlimited growth is found in

Answer 46

Plants

Question 47

What type of growth do algae and fungi show?

Answer 47

Diffused growth

Question 48

What kind of growth does the pollen tube show?

Answer 48

Apical growth

Question 49

Give two examples of amphibolic reactions.

Answer 49

Glycolysis and Kerb's cycle

Question 50

Expand ICNCP

Answer 50

International Code for Nomenclature of Cultivated Plants

Question 51

Series lies between the taxa

Answer 51

Domain and Kingdom

Question 52

The lowest unit of taxonomic hierarchy is

Answer 52

Species

Question 53

"Species is a group of morphologically and structurally similar organisms which can interbreed to produce fertile offsprings." This definition was proposed by?

Answer 53

Ernst Mayr

Question 54

What is an example of monotypic genus?

Answer 54

Lycoperscion, which has only one species- Lycopersicon esculentum (tomato).

Question 55

Herbarium sheets are sprayed with which chemical?

Answer 55

Mercuric chloride

Question 56

Where is the largest herbarium of the world?

Answer 56

Inside Royal Botanical Garden, Kew

Question 57

Where is the largest herbarium of India?

Answer 57

Inside Indian Botanical Garden, Kolkata

Question 58

Which is the largest zoo of the world?

Answer 58

CRUGAR, South Africa

Question 59

Which is the largest zoo of India?

Answer 59

National Zoological Park (New Delhi)

Question 60

Which solution is used to prserve specimens in a museum?

Answer 60

FAA solution (formalin, acetone and alcohol)