X-ray interaction with matter Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the 5 different X-ray interactions with matter?

A
  • Classic
  • Compton
  • Photoelectric
  • Pair production
  • Photodisintegration
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2
Q

What is Classic, coherent/Thompson scattering?

A

-change in direction of scatter X-rays without any change in energy; X-rays of 10 KeV predominate

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3
Q

What is the Compton effect?

A

-incident photon interacts with outer shell electron which results with ejection of “Compton” or secondary electron

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4
Q

What is the equation for Compton scattered X-ray energy?

A

Compton scattered X-ray energy = incident X-ray photon energy - ejection electron energy

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5
Q

What does Compton Scatter do to its energy?

A

Compton Scatter retains all of its energy and causes more ionizing events before losing all of its energy

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6
Q

What happens to Compton Scatter probability when X-ray energy increases?

A

Compton Scatter probability decreases

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7
Q

What happens to Compton’s frequency in comparison to photoelectric frequency?

A

increases with increase energy of X-photons

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8
Q

What is a form of interaction of X-rays when a relatively lower energy photon interacts with the electron in the atom and removes it from its shell

A

-Photoelectric effect

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9
Q

How will the photoelectric effect probability be at maximum?

A

When the Incident photon’s energy is equal to or just greater than the binding energy of the electron in its shell and when the electron is tightly bound

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10
Q

What happens with the Photoelectric effect when the atomic number (Z) of the medium increases? What if the X-ray photon energy increases or doubles?

A
  • Photoelectric effect will increase

- Photoelectric effect will decrease

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11
Q

What kind of changes in atomic number (Z) can be responsible for significant change in photoelectric absorption?

A

-Small changes in Z

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12
Q

What is it when an incident x-photon has sufficient energy it may come too closely to interact with the nucleus of the atom. Such interaction will cause x-photon to disappear and in its place a pair of positron(+) and (-) charged electron are produced by the nucleus

A

Pair-Production

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13
Q

How many MeV is required for Pair-Production

A

1 million MeV

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14
Q

What is it when x-photons possess energies above approx 10 MeV. They will escape any interaction with the electrons and be completely absorbed (disintegrated) by the nucleus.

A

Photodisintegration

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15
Q

What is differential absorption a composite of?

A

X-ray transmission, Compton Scatter, and Photoelectric effect

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16
Q

In regards to differential absorption what happens to Compton, PE, and X-ray transmission when X-ray energy increases? Atomic Number? Tissue mass density?

A
  • X-Ray energy increases: decrease in Compton and PE
  • Atomic # increases: Increase PE, decrease X-ray transmission
  • Tissue mass density increases: proportional increase in Compton and PE, proportional decrease in X-ray transmission