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PCM EX 2 > x. Dermatomes, Edema, Pulses, Reflexes, Strength > Flashcards

x. Dermatomes, Edema, Pulses, Reflexes, Strength Flashcards

1
Q

edema: absent

A

0/4

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2
Q

edema: barely detectable, slight pitting (2mm) disappears rapidly

A

1+/4

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3
Q

edema: slight indentation (4mm); 10-15 sec

A

2+/4

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4
Q

edema: deeper indentation (6mm); > 1 min

A

3+/4

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5
Q

edema: very marked indentation (8mm); 2- 5min

A

4+/4

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6
Q

areas to assess for edema

A
  • dorsum of foot
  • anterior tibia
  • behind medial malleolus
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7
Q

pulses: bounding

A

4+/4

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8
Q

pulses: strong, full, increased

A

3+/4

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9
Q

pulses: average intensity, expected, normal

A

2+/4

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10
Q

pulses: diminished, barely palpable

A

1+/4

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11
Q

pulses: absent, not palpable

A

0/4

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12
Q

strength: no muscular contraction

A

0/5

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13
Q

strength: barely detectable flicker/trace of contraction

A

1+/5

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14
Q

strength: active movement with gravity eliminated

A

2+/5

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15
Q

strength: active movement against gravity

A

3+/5

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16
Q

strength: active movement against gravity and some resistance

A

4+/5

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17
Q

strength: active movement against full resistance without evidence of fatigue (normal muscle strength)

A

5+/5

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18
Q

reflexes: no response

A

0/4

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19
Q

reflexes: somewhat diminished, low normal

A

1/4

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20
Q

reflexes: average, normal

A

2/4

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21
Q

reflexes: brisker than average, possibly but not necessarily indicative of disease

A

3/4

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22
Q

reflexes: very brisk, hyperactive, with clonus (rhythmic oscillation b/w flexion and extension)

A

4/4

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23
Q

evaluation of motor system

A
  • body position & gait
  • involuntary movement (tremors, tics, fasciculations)
  • muscle bulk (wasting, atrophy)
  • muscle tone (resistance to stretch)
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24
Q

muscle/muscle group: shoulder shrug

A

trapezius (CN XI)

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25
Q

muscle group: flexion at the elbow

A

C5-C6

26
Q

muscle group: extension at the elbow

A

C6-C8

27
Q

muscle group: flexion and extension at the wrist

A

C6-C7

28
Q

muscle group: hand grip

A

C7, C8, T1

29
Q

muscle group: finger abduction

A

C8-T1

30
Q

muscle group: opposition of thumb

A

C8-T1

31
Q

muscle group: hip flexion

A

L2-L4 (psoas and iliacus)

32
Q

muscle group: hip extension

A

S1 (gluteus maximus)

33
Q

muscle group: hip adduction

A

L2-L4

34
Q

muscle group: hip abduction

A

L4, L5, S1

35
Q

muscle group: knee flexion

A

L4, L5, S1, S2 (hamstrings)

36
Q

muscle group: knee extension

A

L2-L4 (quads)

37
Q

muscle group: ankle plantarflexion

A

S1 (gastrocnemius)

38
Q

muscle group: dorsiflexion

A

L4-L5 (tibialis anterior m)

39
Q

dermatomes: auricle

A

C2

40
Q

dermatomes: earlobe, anterior/posterior neck

A

C3

41
Q

dermatomes: shoulder top

A

C4

42
Q

dermatomes: radial aspect forearm

A

C6

43
Q

dermatomes: long finger

A

C7

44
Q

dermatomes: clavicles

A

C5

45
Q

dermatomes: little finger

A

C8

46
Q

dermatomes: nipple

A

T4

47
Q

dermatomes: umbilicus

A

T10

48
Q

dermatomes: inguinal

A

L1

49
Q

dermatomes: patella, medial calf

A

L4

50
Q

dermatomes: anterolateral calf, great toe

A

L5

51
Q

dermatomes: posterolateral calf/little toe

A

S1

52
Q

abdominal reflexes

A

T10-T12 - stroke peripheral to the umbilicus in each quadant = contraction

53
Q

anal reflex

A

S2-S4: scratch anus bilaterally = contraction of anal muscles

54
Q

plantar response

A

L5-S1: stroke plantar aspect of foot from heel to ball = dorsiflexion (normal response)

55
Q

DTR: biceps

A

C5-C6

56
Q

DTR: triceps

A

C6-C7

57
Q

DTR: brachioradialis

A

C5-C6

58
Q

DTR: patellar

A

L2-L4

59
Q

DTR: Achilles

A

S1

60
Q

DTR: hyperactive DTRs indicate _____.

A

CNS lesion

61
Q

DTR: hypoactive DTRs indicate _____.

A

PNS lesion

PCM EX 2 (11 decks)

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