3b. OSCE Eye Exam

Question 1

Where is the optic disc located in the posterior chamber?

Answer 1

nasal and inferior

Question 2

Pupil exposed to light source constricts

Answer 2

direct pupillary reflex

Question 3

When one pupil is exposed to light source, other eye constricts

Answer 3

consensual (indirect) pupillary reflex

Question 4

pupillary constriction when object becomes too close to eyes

Answer 4

convergence (accommodation)

Question 5

unequal size of pupils

Answer 5

anisocoria

Question 6

“white reflex”

Answer 6

leukocoria: serious pathology of the eye, most commonly a congenital cataract; can also indicate retinoblastoma, retinal detachment, or other more serious conditions

Question 7

most common presenting sign of retinoblastoma

Answer 7

leukocoria

Question 8

mnemonic for cardinal signs of gaze

Answer 8

SO4-LR6-AR3

Question 9

hypotropia

Answer 9

downward alignment of eyes

Question 10

hypertropia

Answer 10

upward alignment of eyes

Question 11

Adults may have nystagmus from (1-3).

Answer 11

1. dysfunctional labyrinth/vestibular system while turning head; 2. intoxication, 3. neurologic dysfunction

Question 12

modification of “static finger wiggle test”

Answer 12

test each eye by patient covering one eye; doc covers own eye opposite; use one hand to wiggle along the imaginary bowl in that visual field; repeat

Question 13

describe fluoroscein stain

Answer 13

fluorescein has high affinity for basement membrane of epithelium and fluorosces w/ cobalt blue or woods lamp

Question 14

2 tests for visual field confrontation

Answer 14

(1) static finger wiggle test, (2) kinetic red target test

Question 15

Per Bates, sensitivity and specific for detecting visual field abnormalities is improved when?

Answer 15

when static finger wiggle test and kinetic red target tests are done together

Question 16

common cause of hordeolum

Answer 16

S. aureus

Question 17

internal hordeolum

Answer 17

caused by Meibomian gland acutely plugged

Question 18

external hordeolum

Answer 18

caused by eyelash follicle or lid-margin tear gland

Question 19

treatment hordeolum

Answer 19

warm compresses

Question 20

possible treatment for chalazion

Answer 20

I&D

Question 21

difference between bacterial and viral conjunctivitis

Answer 21

bacterial conjunctivitis (purulent discharge) and viral conjunctivitis (clear discharge)

Question 22

most common causes of bacterial conjunctivitis

Answer 22

S. aureus, S. pneumonia, H. influenza, M. catarrhalis

Question 23

most common cause of viral conjunctivitis

Answer 23

adenovirus

Question 24

benign growth of fibroblastic tissue on the eye due to chronic UV light

Answer 24

pterygium

Question 25

when does subconjunctival hemorrhage resolve?

Answer 25

2 weeks

Question 26

ophthalmic emergency likely caused by trauma to retrobulbar hematoma causing blog collection w/in bony confines of the orbit leads to increased IOP

Answer 26

orbital compartment syndrome

Question 27

symptoms of orbital compartment syndrome

Answer 27

progressive pain, diplopia, proptosis, diffuse subconjunctival hemorrhage and chemises, delay in tx may lead to permanent loss of vision