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US History > WWII Chapter 24 & 25 > Flashcards

WWII Chapter 24 & 25 Flashcards

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1
Q

What government exerts almost complete control over people

A

Totalitarian

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2
Q

Who took over the Soviet Union in 1924

A

Joseph Stalin

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3
Q

___stresses national, needs of state above individual

A

Fascism

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4
Q

_____plays on fears of economic collapse, communism

A

Benito Mussolini

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5
Q

Who was the leader of National Socialist German Worker’s Party

A

Adolf Hitler

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6
Q

What was Hitlers novel - Mein Kampf about

A

Basic beliefs of nazism based on extreme nationalism

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7
Q

What did General Francisco Franco do in 1939

A

Rebels against Spanish republic

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8
Q

What were the purposes of the neutrality acts

A

To try to keep the U.S. out of future wars

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9
Q

Who condemned appeasement policy and warned war will follow

A

Winston Churchill

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10
Q

What are appeasements

A

Giving up principles to pacify an aggressor

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11
Q

What did Hitler sign so that him and Stalin would not attack each other

A

Non aggression pact

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12
Q

What is fascism?

A

A political system, headed by a dictator that calls for extreme nationalism and racism, and no tolerance of opposition

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13
Q

What did Germany do that was considered the “lightning war”

A

Invade Poland in Blitzkrieg

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14
Q

Who set up government-in-exile in England

A

General Charles de Gaule

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15
Q

What was Kristallnacht

A

Nazis attack Jewish homes, businesses, synagogues

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16
Q

What’s the difference between ghettos and concentration camps

A

•concentration camps: labor camps
•ghettos: segregated areas in Polish cities

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17
Q

What became known as the Axis powers

A

Germany, Japan, Italy and their signing of the Tripartite pact which was a mutual defense treaty

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18
Q

What was the Lend-Lease Act

A

-U.S. to lend or lease supplies for defense

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19
Q

What was the Atlantic charter

A

Joint declaration of war arms (aka Allies)

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20
Q

What was known as the nations that fought the axis powers

A

Allies

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21
Q

Who was Hideki Tojo

A

Chief of staff of army that invaded China - prime minister

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22
Q

Who was George Marshall

A

Army chief of staff-calls for women’s corps

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23
Q

What was Women’s auxiliary army corps (WAAC)

A

Women in noncombat positions

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24
Q

Who was A. Philip Randolph

A

Head of brotherhood of sleeping car porters (led march for discrimination)

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25
Q

What was the Manhattan Project

A

Development of the atomic bomb

26
Q

What was Office of Price Administration (OPA)

A

Freezes prices and fights inflation

27
Q

What was the war production board (WPB)

A

Says which companies convert production
-allocates raw materials
-organizes collection of recyclable materials

28
Q

What was rationing during WWII

A

Fixed allotments of goods needed by military

29
Q

What did General Dwight D. Eisenhower do?

A

Commanded invasion of North Africa (operation torch)

30
Q

What was D-Day?

A

Invasion of Normandy beach led by Eisenhower

31
Q

What did the Allies do during D-Day

A

Set up a phantom army - and sent a fake radio broadcast that Germany fell for

32
Q

What did General Omar Bradley do

A

Bombed to create gap in enemy defense line

33
Q

What did General George Patton do

A

Lead third army and reached Paris in August

34
Q

Who was FDR’s running mate when he was reelected for a fourth term

A

Harry S. Truman

35
Q

What was the Battle of the Bulge

A

A month-long battle of World War II, in which the Allies succeeded in turning back the last major German offensive of the war

36
Q

What is V-E day

A

Victory in Europe day

-when the Germans were defeated during WWII

37
Q

Who became president when FDR died

A

Harry S. Truman

38
Q

Who lead the allied forces in the Pacific

A

General Douglas MacArthur

39
Q

Who commanded the U.S. naval forces in the Pacific

A

Chester Nimitz

40
Q

What did Japan use to attack pilots

A

Kamikaze

41
Q

What was the bloodiest battle of the Pacific theatre and made US leadership question the potential cost of a mainland invasion of Japan

A

Battle of Okinawa

42
Q

What was operation torch

A

The Allied invasion of axis controlled north Africa, commanded by Eisenhower. Allies would control area and give a strategic position to invade Europe from the south.

43
Q

In this U.S. victory a key airfield was gained that allowed the U.S.’s heavy bombers to strike Japanese main islands for the first time.

A

Battle of Iwo Jima

44
Q

Meeting between FDR, Churchill and Stalin to decide the fate of Germany and postwar; divided Germany into occupied zones; set groundwork for United Nations

A

Yalta Conference

45
Q

Allies won control of the North Atlantic Ocean and opened the supply lines to Britain to prepare for an eventual European invasion

A

Battle of the Atlantic

46
Q

Prime minister of Great Britain that was responsible for the policy of appeasement with Adolf Hitler’s Nazi Germany

A

Neville Chamberlain

47
Q

Turning point of the war in the pacific; the Americans were ready for the Japanese attack because they had codebreakers; 4 Japanese carriers sunk; started island - hopping campaign

A

Battle of midway

48
Q

Early WWII battle where the British Royal Air Force fended off the German Luftwaffe and handed Hitler his first loss; Hitler had to give up hopes of British Invasion

A

Battle of Britain

49
Q

Prime Minister of Great Britain during WWII

A

Winston Churchill

50
Q

US Supreme Court decision that internment of Japanese Americans was constitutional because it was not based on race, but on “military urgency”

A

Korematsu v. United States

51
Q

Turning point of the war on Eastern Front; Germans were fighting from house to house when Soviet reinforcements arrived and trapped them, Bloodiest battle of Euro theatre and Soviets pushed
Germans back east.

A

Battle of Stalingrad

52
Q

A system where cargo ships traveled in groups, protected by warships

A

Convoy system

53
Q

Who was the director of the manhattan project

A

J. Robert Oppenheimer

54
Q

Which Japanese island was bombed first and by which bomb?

A

Hiroshima - little boy

55
Q

Which Japanese island was bombed second and by which bomb

A

Nagasaki - fat man

56
Q

What were the Nuremberg trials

A

A trial for surviving Nazi leaders, and their war, crimes, showing individuals are responsible for their actions, even in war time

57
Q

What did the GI bill of rights (servicemen’s readjustment Act) do?

A

Payed education; loan guarantees for homes, new businesses

58
Q

Racial tensions rose in _____

A

Northern cities where James farmer found Congress of Racial Equality (CORE)
•worked in racial segregation in North

59
Q

What were zoot suits

A

Anti-Mexican riots that involved thousands servicemen and civilians

60
Q

What did Hawaii’s governor force of Japanese Americans

A

Internment (confinement)

61
Q

What did the Japanese American Citizens League push for after the war

A

Compensation

US History (8 decks)

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