WWI

Question 1

Imperialism

Answer 1

A policy of extending a country’s power and influence through diplomacy or military force. Taking over countries (for Europe it would be Middle East, Africa, and Asia). There was competition that led to conflict between European countries over land (especially in Africa).

Question 2

Nationalism

Answer 2

Unique cultural identity of a people based on common language, religion, and national symbols. Some European countries had formed nations (France and Germany) but some ethnic groups are not nations. Slavic nations in the Balkans, Polish, Irish, and Austria-Hungary Empire still dreamed of nationhood which created conflict (increased tensions in Europe)

Question 3

Militarism

Answer 3

The aggressive preparation as war begins to grow. Military leaders were very powerful in WWI and drew very complex plans for quickly mobilizing millions of soldiers. Military leaders felt changes of plans could create chaos, so decisions were made off the military and not politics which created a problem.

Question 4

Alliances

Answer 4

Joining other countries to have stronger forces for a war. TWO MAJOR ALLIANCES WERE SET UP BEFORE WWI. There was a major crisis during this time periods which tested these alliances and set up crisis situations as in the Balkans. This left European states angry and setting revenge created bigger issues.

Question 5

Triple Alliance (know when it was signed and who was involved)

Answer 5

Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy in 1882

Question 6

Triple Entente (know when it was signed and who was involved)

Answer 6

Great Britain, Russia, and France 1907

Question 7

Assassination of Franz Ferdinand

Answer 7

The immediate cause of WWI starting with Austria-Hungary and Serbia, but other countries joined in as allies. Happened on June 28th, 1914.

Question 8

Machine gun

Answer 8

The machine gun was one of the new technologies introduces that could revolutionize the war especially in trench warfare.

Question 9

Trench Warfare

Answer 9

A defensive way (and most common way) of fighting the war with trenches covering 400 miles in length but 2500 miles in general from the zigzagging. This was introduced due to the failure of the Schlieffen Plan.

Question 10

No Man’s Land

Answer 10

An area in between the trenches and if you crossed it you were almost guaranteed to die because they shot at any one who crossed it.

Question 11

Battleships

Answer 11

They brought the war into the sea and were able to be equipped with many different weapons at once.

Question 12

Airplanes

Answer 12

They brought fights into the air and made it very easy to travel. They also made bombings much easier to commit and to escape from.

Question 13

Submarines

Answer 13

They were able to take down battleships in a way that kept them in secret because the ships did not have underwater radar to show the submarines.

Question 14

Flamethrower

Answer 14

This was a tank of fire in which you could burn your enemies alive with. It contained a tank and a hose to spray the fire.

Question 15

Poison Gas

Answer 15

This was not used after WWI but it contained both lethal and non-lethal gases, but were used to sneak up on enemies and weaken or kill them.

Question 16

Artillery

Answer 16

This was similar to a cannon and made trench warfare extremely dangerous.

Question 17

Tanks

Answer 17

These made bullets less amazing. They seemed like monsters that could not be destroyed at the time.

Question 18

Stalemate

Answer 18

This is when both sides are in the same position and no one is expanding territory or losing territory. A point in which both sides are not gaining or losing anything more than the other side.

Question 19

War of Attrition

Answer 19

This is when both sides try to dry out the other sides resources in war.

Question 20

Schlieffen Plan (know what is was, why it failed, and why it is significant)

Answer 20

This was the German plan to invade Russia through Belgium (a neutral country at the time), expecting the Russians to take too long to mobilize their troops. This was unsuccessful due to the Belgians fighting back from the German invasion and the Russians mobilizing their troops quicker than expected. This left the Germans vulnerable to attacks and created trench warfare.

Question 21

Steps of Persuasion with Propaganda

Answer 21

Demonization (To make the other side look evil)
Name Calling (Exp. Little Rocket Man)
Patriotic Symbols(Exp. Flag, Uncle Sam)
Catchy Slogans (Exp. “Make America Great Again”)
Appeal to Fear (Increase hate)

Question 22

Total War

Answer 22

Involving a complete mobilization of resources and people → Only option to win

Question 23

Propaganda

Answer 23

Something designed to influence our opinions, emotions, attitudes, and behavior to persuade us to believe in something or do something → 1. Used to recruit soldiers 2. Unify people of the country to support war/ eliminate opposition 3. Convince people to save resources necessary for war 4. To persuade people to participate in homefront organizations to support the war effort.

Question 24

What is Trench Warfare? How did it change the way European military strategy? Why did it lead to a stalemate during WWI?

Answer 24

Trench warfare is a defensive way of fighting introduced after the Schlieffen plan failed. It includes fighting from trenches using artillery and machine guns. This made offensive attacks result in the death of thousands and made the war much more dangerous.

Question 25

How destructive was WWI and what were the causes of this destruction?

Answer 25

WWI killed over 15 million people and wounded 20 million. Also this war did not accomplish anything and was started over a very small conflict between two European countries

Question 26

Name one of the common objectives of propaganda and explain it in detail.
Please tell me what this propaganda poster represents in regards to steps of persuasion and explain why. (Know the Steps of Persuasion with Propaganda).

Answer 26

One of the common objectives of propaganda was to recruit soldiers. First the propaganda would demonize the enemies to cause people to fear and hate the enemy. Next they would start calling the enemies names, showing the people that they are able to insult the enemy. Then they would show patriotic symbols to bring people together and allow people to want to fight as a country. Next they would use catchy slogans to catch your attention and help you remember the war going on around you. Finally the propaganda would appeal to the fear they have put in you and use it to increase your hate for the enemy. Once they have followed these steps, many people feel obligated to fight and in result people want to join the army and this increases the amount of soldiers one can recruit.

Question 27

What was the Battle of Somme?

Answer 27

This battle occurred from July 1st to November 18th, 1916. This was one of the bloodiest wars ever. There were about 1.2 million casualties. 420,000 British, 200,000 French, and 500,000 German. The British tried to take an offensive approach, but due to trench warfare and new German technologies there were a lot of deaths. The British were trying to push through German lines but only gained a little land. This greatly weakened German war efforts and depleted resources and people. Even though the British gained land, on the first day the British had 57,470 casualties while Germany only had 8,000 and France had 7,000.

Question 28

Other than the obvious, why is World War I considered a tragedy?

Answer 28

It didn’t accomplish much and it created social and economic conditions that made WWII possible.

Question 29

What was the Schlieffen Plan?

Answer 29

The Schlieffen plan was a German plan made to attack France once Russia had started to mobilize forces around the German border. This resulted in Britain declaring war against Germany.

Question 30

How long were the trenches used on the Western Front of the war? How much land did the trenches cover?

Answer 30

The trenches used on the Western Front of the war were about 400 miles, but because of zigzagging they covered about 25,000 miles of land.

Question 31

How many people were killed and wounded in the war?

Answer 31

Over 15 million people were killed and 20 million were wounded.

Question 32

What was the most efficient killer in World War I?

Answer 32

The most efficient killer was disease.

Question 33

What two American technologies made their debut in the war?

Answer 33

Machine guns and barbed wire.

Question 34

How destructive was WWI and what were the causes of this destruction?

Answer 34

WWI was very destructive and the causes were soldiers being killed and wounded, civilians being killed and wounded, alcohol becoming very prominent, and new dangerous technologies being introduced to societies.