Declaration Quiz - WH Flashcards
explain what events led to the Enlightenment occurring.
Renaissance: Humanism, individuality, Greek and Roman philosophers
The Protestant Reformation: Martin Luther challenged the catholic church (weakening it).
The Scientific Revolution: People thought about the things around them.
-People realized they were not the center of the universe
-Scientific method was created (a systematic procedure for collecting and analyzing data)
-Inspired Enlightenment thinkers to utilize observations, logic, and reasoning to make progress towards a better society.
Compare and contrast the divine right theory and Enlightened absolutism.
IN divine right people believed that Kings and Queens were appointed by God, making not okay to disobey or protest. IN the Enlightened absolutism the people should have a say in the government.
Identify the Social Contract and explain its significance in World History.
The social contract is when governments were formed to meet the peoples social and economic needs which led to many revolutionary ideas like the American and French revolutions.
Know all 8 of the Enlightenment thinkers and their beliefs (look at your graphic organizer).
John Locke -Okay with a constitutional monarchy -Believed humans were naturally greedy creatures Thomas Hobbes -Separation of church and state -State should have absolute power -The first to believe in ideas with expressing religion Cesare Beccaria -Right to a fair trial -Same crime = same punishment Baron de Montesquieu -Separation of power -3 branches of government a. Making law b. Interpreting law c. Enforcing law Jean-Jacques Rousseau -Individuals can rule government -Popular belief should shape the government -Laws should be strict -Education allows emotion Voltaire -Separation of church and state -Freedom of speech -Everyone deserves respect Mary Wollstonecraft -Women’s rights -Equality overall -Equal education Adam Smith -Economics -Capitalism -Self-interest = efficient use of resources
Be able to explain the causes of the American Revolution as described from Crash Course.
The british placed the stamp act after the 7 year war, taxing the Americans for everything, though there was no direct representation of the parliament that had imposed the tax. When the townshend act threatened more taxes on the Americans, protests and boycotts started along with organization among the colonists. Then, the Boston Massacre and Boston Tea Party occured. Eventually Americans stopped using British products, leading to the writing of the Declaration of Independence, and finally the American Revolution.
Be able to to have an argument for which historian (Zinn or Bailyn) has the better argument for the Declaration of Independence. It should consist of the following:
a. A specific and clear argument.
b. Specific evidence from Zinn or Bailyn
c. Analysis
d. Specific evidence related to the Declaration of
e. Independence
f. Analysis tying back to Zinn or Bailyn
I believe that Zinn has a better argument when describing the Declaration of Independence. Though Bailyn accurately represents the words written in the Declaration, Zinn shows the true effect of and reason for the Declaration. The Declaration states that “all men are created equal” yet the author owned slaves, women had no rights, and poor people had less rights than the rich. Zinn believes that the Declaration was written out of greed, and this is shown through the continuous signs of inequality we see throughout history.
What systematic problems did 18th Century France have in the way it collected taxes?
They taxed the poor more than the rich even though the poor could not afford the taxes they were given.
Understand the long term and immediate causes of the French Revolution (think about the chart we made in class) and how that led to the start of the Revolution.
Long term: social ladder, hierarchy
Immediate: Poverty, bankruptcy
Why was the third estate envious of the first and second estates?
Because the third estate makes up most of the population of France, yet they are the poorest and they own very little land, they are starving, and they have to pay the most taxes.
Look at the political cartoon of the Estates on page 187 and be able to understand what is going on in the cartoon and it’s themes.
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Explain the definition of citizenship in the Declaration of the Rights of Man. Compare and contrast it with “The Injustices of the Laws and Favor of Men at the expense of Women” on their definitions of citizenship.
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Other than bankruptcy, what other factors contributed to tensions in France?
The social hierarchy and taxes all led to the french revolution through continuous famine among the poor along with unfair taxing on the poor.
What radical move was carried out by the National Assembly on August 4th?
The National Assembly abolished feudalism, taxes, and privileges that had been left from the original monarchy.
What was the Women’s March and what fueled it?
The women’s march was when a group of peasant women went to the queen’s house and stormed the castle in search of grain. This was fueled by a rumor that the queen and king had a bag of grain hidden in the castle.
