WW1 Quiz Flashcards
Three bullet points for each subject
1
Q
Gavrilo Princip
A
- Bosnian Serb revolutionary and nationalist
- Assassinated Franz Ferdinand and his wife
- Part of the Young Bosnia movement, wanted to change the Austro-Hungarian policies towards the Serbs and other South Slavs, believed in assassinations and personal sacrifices to do so
- Some label him a terrorist
2
Q
Archduke Franz Ferdinand
A
- Assassinated on June 28, 1914
- Heir presumptive to the throne of Austria-Hungary
- His assassination began WWI
- Four weeks after his death, Austria-Hungary’s allies and Serbia’s allies declared war on each other, starting World War I
3
Q
Imperialism
A
- The policy or act of extending a country’s power into other territories or gaining control over another country’s politics or economics
- (historically) Rule by an emperor
4
Q
Nationalism
A
- Loyalty and devotion to a nation.
- Such obligations outweigh other individual or group interests
- The belief that your own country is better than all others
5
Q
Militarism
A
- The belief or desire that a country should maintain a strong military capability and be prepared to use it aggressively
- Predominance of the military class or its ideals
- Places where armed government forces have a strong presence are usually under militarism
6
Q
Conscription
192
A
- By 1916, Canadians had disvorered how many people were dying on the front lines and many of them had landed high paying jobs in the war industries, so no one wanted to enlist in the army anymore. The government implemented conscription
- Wilfrid Laurier didn’t support conscription, and people in Quebec didn’t either because they didn’t want to fight for a country that wasn’t theirs
- Conscription divided the country, but by the end of the war, only 24 000 of those who fought overseas were conscripts.
7
Q
War Measures Act
190
A
- This act gave the goverment power to pass laws without the approval of Parliament while Canada was at war (and gave the federal government the power to suspend all rights)
- It could also overrule provincial laws, censor the news media, tell manufacturers and farmers what they must produce, imprison people without trial, and label some people enemies of Canada
8
Q
Battle at Ypres
A
- There were three main battles at Ypres.
- The First Battle of Ypres: no one gained territory. This was the first time trench warfare was used.
- The Second Battle of Ypres: the first mass use by Germany of poison gas on the Western Front. The Allies won.
- Part of the third one is also known as the Battle of Passchendaele
9
Q
Battle at Vimy Ridge
A
- The Canadian Corps was ordered to seize Vimy Ridge in April 1917. The seven-kilometre ridge held a commanding view over the Allied lines.
- The main combatants were the four divisions of the Canadian Corps in the First Army, against three divisions of the German 6th Army.
- For the first time, Canada’s four divisions were assembled to fight as a single unit under a Canadian commander, Major-General Arthur Currie. The planning and preparations for the battle were extensive.
- Used creeping barrages.
- April 9-12, 1917, near the end of the war.
10
Q
Battle at Passchendaele
A
- In 1917, General Sir Haig planned a major offensive to break out of Ypres. The Allies advanced about 5 miles for the loss of over 250,000 soldiers killed, wounded or missing.
- The Battle of Passchendaele did nothing to help the Allied effort and became a symbol of the senseless slaughter of the First World War.
- Used creeping barrages
11
Q
Canada’s Hundred Days
187
A
- The final 100 days of WWI from 8 August to 11 November 1918
- On August 8th, the Canadians attacked. By the end of the day, they had pushed the Germans back 13 km.
- As at Vimy and Passchendaele, Currie and Canadian officers carefully planned their strategy for crossing this heavily defended landmark.
- By October 11, the Canadians had advanced 37 kilometres. Late on November 10th, Canadians moved into the Belgian town of Mons (won).
12
Q
“Creeping Barrage”
A
- Slowly moving artillery attack, acting as a defensive curtain while infantry follows closely behind
- By late 1916 the creeping barrage was the standard means of applying artillery fire to support an infantry attack
13
Q
No Man’s Land
A
- The area between the Allied and German land
- Narrow, muddy, treeless stretch of land, characterized by numerous shell holes
- Being in No Man’s Land was considered very dangerous since it offered little or no protection for soldiers.
14
Q
Convoys
A
- A group of merchantmen or troopships traveling together with a naval escort
- Revived during WWI
- The convoy system defeated the German submarine campaign
- To cover trade with the neutral Netherlands, the British instituted their first regular convoy on a route targeted by the German U-boats.
15
Q
U-Boats
A
- The formidable U-boats (unterseeboots) prowled the Atlantic armed with torpedoes.
- They were Germany’s only weapon of advantage as Britain effectively blocked German ports to supplies.
- Their ability to submerge and to surprise enemies led to massive casualties
- Known for unrestricted submarine warfare
