WW1 pt. 2 Flashcards
1
Q
Germany’s trenches
A
- better than England and America’s
- had electricity, some had running water
- expected to be in war for longer
2
Q
anatomy of trench war
A
- made war stagnant and defensive
- “No Man’s Land”: battlefield between trenches, very dilapidated
- most battles in France, land is ruined
3
Q
Western Front
A
Belgium and France
4
Q
Eastern front
A
Russia
5
Q
Battle of Marne
A
- trenches dug
- Taxis carried men to battlefield
6
Q
Battle of Yares
A
- allies win
7
Q
Battle of Verdun
A
- stalemate
8
Q
Battle of Somne
A
- also stalemate
9
Q
Gallipoli Campain
A
- defeat Ottoman Turks to get a supply line to Russia (not industrialized)
- stalemate
10
Q
Anzac Day
A
- Veteran’s day: Australia, New Zealand
- “Lest We Forget”, red poppy
- poem: In Flander’s Fields by John McCrae
- commemoration to his dead friend
11
Q
US Enters War
A
- Apr 6, 1917
- Lusitania carrying contraband, us and british passengers sank
- Zimmerman Telegram, intercepted by Britain asking Mexico for an alliance so they can distract America in exchange for Texas, Arizona, New Mexico
- “To make the world safe for democracy”
12
Q
Russia drops out
A
- Mar 1917, Russia food shortage, civil unrest
- Nicholas II steps down, gov’t comes up, is overthrown by Lenin (Communism)
- Russia and Germany sign Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
- Russia surrenders and loses some land
- Russia renamed USSR
13
Q
Germany is stopped
A
- by Ferdinand Fouch (French)
- at Chatean-Thierry
14
Q
self-determination
A
allow people to form their desired government
15
Q
official end of war
A
- Jan 1918, in Versailles, Paris Peace Conference
- Big Four (US, France, Britain, Italy)
- Treaty of Versailles
16
Q
Big four + LEADERS
A
- Woodrow Wilson (US)
- Georges Clemenceau (France)
- David Lloyd-George (Britain)
- Vittorio Orlando (Italy)
17
Q
Article 231
A
- War Guilt Clause
- Germany is responsible for war, though it was Serbia
- Germany pays reparations ($$)
- reduce army to 100k
- Give back Alsace-Lorraine to France
- demilitarize Rhineland(30 mi s+w)
- Give Prussia to Poland
- their colonies are given away (not much…)
18
Q
League of Nations
A
- promote international cooperation
- reps of all nations
- originally 9, becomes 14
- forerunner of UN
- no military backing
19
Q
Effects of War
A
- 8.5 killed, 21 mil injured
- Ended European domination on world affairs
- insecurity as revolutions break old empires into new ones
- economic depression, more dictators, reflects in art
- Influenza
20
Q
Countries that formed after WW1
A
Ireland, Finland, Poland
- Romania expands
- A-H becomes Czechoslovakia and Yugoslavia
- Ottoman Empire becomes Turkey
21
Q
Treaty of Versailles dates
A
Jun 28, 1919
22
Q
WW1 dates
A
1914-1918
23
Q
When did US declare war on Germany?
A
Apr 6, 1917
24
Q
When was the armistice signed?
A
Nov 11, 1918, 11am
