Athens, Sparta, and Persia

Question 1

type of government that has one person ruling

Answer 1

monarchy

Question 2

type of government that has a group of people ruling

Answer 2

oligarchy

Question 3

type of government that has wealthy or upper class citizens ruling

Answer 3

aristocracy

Question 4

type of government that is ruled by the citizens

Answer 4

direct democracy

Question 5

4 characteristics of a polis

Answer 5

small population, small amount of land, acropolis, agora

Question 6

Sparta’s geography

Answer 6

On Peloponnesus, region of Laconia, in a valley, no arable land

Question 7

Athens’ geography

Answer 7

On mainland, region of Attica, lacked arable land,

Question 8

Athens’ port city

Answer 8

Piraeus

Question 9

What are helots?

Answer 9

Messenian slaves that Sparta captured, outnumber Sparta 7:1

Question 10

What are ephors?

Answer 10

5 men, 60 years or older, educate Spartan military youth, check king’s power, examine babies for fitness

Question 11

What is the Council of Elders

Answer 11

30 men (2 Spartan kings and 28 citizens over 60 yrs), judges, decide on topics for the Assembly to vote on

Question 12

What is the Spartan Assembly?

Answer 12

Male citizens over 30, only voted on topics from the Council of Elders, no debating

Question 13

What is the Athenian assembly?

Answer 13

called Ekklesia, men debate, vote, speak, make motions; meet every 10 days, passed laws, elected Archons

Question 14

What is the Agoge?

Answer 14

Spartan military training, goes from 7-18

Question 15

What is Spartan education?

Answer 15

starts at age 7; taught reading, writing, rhythm, athleticism, military; live in barracks until 30

Question 16

What is the order of Athens’ government types?

Answer 16

monarchy>oligarchy>tyranny>democracy

Question 17

What is the Ekklesia?

Answer 17

Athens’ legislative branch, the assembly, pass laws, debate, vote, elect Archons

Question 18

What are strategoi?

Answer 18

Athens’ 10 generals

Question 19

Who are the Boule?

Answer 19

Athens’ council of 500

Question 20

What is Athen’s court system called?

Answer 20

Heliaea

Question 21

What are Archons?

Answer 21

Athens’ aristocracy, 9 men who ruled for 1 year, judicial and executive branch

Question 22

What are metoikoi?

Answer 22

Athens’ resident aliens, free people, pay taxes, no voting rights, can’t be in military

Question 23

Who are the Spartiate?

Answer 23

Citizens with political power, votes, owns land

Question 24

Who are the Perioeci

Answer 24

Non-citizens and non-slaves, can’t own land, pay taxes, some legal protection

Question 25

Who was Pericles?

Answer 25

Statesmen, talented speaker, led Athens during the golden age

Question 26

Dates of the Age of Pericles

Answer 26

461-429 BC

Question 27

Delian League

Answer 27

Alliance between all Greece city-states to defend against Persia, all city-states either sent ships or money (majority)

Question 28

simplest column

Answer 28

Doric column

Question 29

fanciest column

Answer 29

Corinthian columns

Question 30

4 purposes of art and architecture

Answer 30

Glorify human beings, show pride in city-state, express belief in harmony, combine beauty and usefulness

Question 31

Who was Draco?

Answer 31

Athenian Archon who created Athen’s first law code (Draconian Law) which was harsh

Question 32

Who was Solon?

Answer 32

Athenian Archon who erased debts of poor, outlawed slavery by debt, and divided citizens by wealth