WW1

Question 1

Murder in Sarajevo

Answer 1

28 June 1914
Murder of Archduke Franz Ferdinand & his wife
6 Bosnian Serb terrorists
First bomb exploded under the car behind them
Archduke wanted to visit them in the hospital
Driver took a wrong turn- encountered Princip

Question 2

Central Powers/Triple Alliance

Answer 2

Germany Austria- Hungary Italy
1882
Dual Alliance against Russia

Question 3

Triple Entente

Answer 3

Britain France Russia
1907

Question 4

Triple Alliance (Germany)

Answer 4

Bismarck won a war against France and united all the states into the German empire
Took Alsace-Lorraine
Formed alliance as safety against a revenge attack

Question 5

Germany ambitions/concerns

Answer 5

Kaiser wanted a place in the sun- Overseas empires
Wanted a large navy- 2nd to Britain

Building up a large army- but concerned abt Russias
Friendship between Russia and France was an attempt to surround and threaten Germany

Question 6

Triple Alliance (Austria- Hungary)

Answer 6

Different ethnic groups- Czecks, Germans, Serbs etc
Wanted to be ruled by themselves

Question 7

Austria-Hungary concerns

Answer 7

Serbia was becoming a powerful force in the Balkans
Russia, with their strong army supported the Serbs

Question 8

Triple Entente (Britain)

Answer 8

‘Splendid isolation’
Focused on building overseas colonies

-Britain and France made agreements over colonies
-Russia was weak after Japans war
-Germany was becoming a major threat

Question 9

Triple Entente (France)

Answer 9

Needed to protect themselves from Germany
Wanted Alsace-Lorraine back

Question 10

Triple Entente (Russia)

Answer 10

Largest, but specialized in agriculture
Long history of rivalry with AH & Russians/Serbs were both Slavs
Concerned about Germany growing
Scarred after Japanese war

Question 11

Triple Alliance (Italy)

Answer 11

Looking to ‘flex its muscles’
Wanted to set up colonies
Needed help against France (just lost a war over Tunisia)
Alliance promised support

Question 12

Anglo-German naval rivalry

Answer 12

Felt threatened by Germany’s desire to expand its navy
Germany just wanted to protect its trading
Britain released its ‘Dreadknought’
Germany responded by building its own

Question 13

Arms race on land

Answer 13

1.5 m by 1914 (Germany)
Kaiser loved being photographed in military uniforms
Held military rallies
Arms race was justified to prevent war

Question 14

Schiefflen Plan

Answer 14

Germany would have to fight Russia and France
This plan would allow them to -
- Quickly fight and defeat France through invading Belgium
- Turn and defeat Russia because of their assumed slow mobilisation

Question 15

War plans

Answer 15

Germany- Schiefflen
AH- Schiefflen
Russia- outweighs by numbers
France- Plan 17 (force German surrender)
Britain- BEF to help France

Question 16

1905 Moroccan Crisis

Answer 16

French wanted to take control
Kaiser gave a speech supporting Moroccan independence
Alegaricas conference humiliation
Britain & France stuck together

Question 17

1911 Moroccan Crisis

Answer 17

Germany sent ‘The Panther’ gunboat
Britain took this as a direct threat
Did not want German ships in the Mediterranean
Britain & France stuck together
France took control at conference
African colonies given to Germany as compensation

Question 18

Balkan Instability

Answer 18

Different nationalities mixed together
Ruled by declining Ottoman Empire
Turkish government regularly fighting
Russia & Austria wanted to take control

Question 19

Balkan Crisis of 1908

Answer 19

Austria annexed Bosnia region
Russia & Serbia protested
Germany showed their support
They backed down out of fear

Russia never wanted to be humiliated again
Austria got confidence that they’d always be supported

Question 20

Balkan Crisis 1912-13

Answer 20

Local wars
Serbia emerged as a major power
Austria felt threatened
Used the Sarajevo murder as their way to deal with Serbia

Question 21

British blockade

Answer 21

German ports blockading since 1914
5.9 billion to 0.8 billion loss in trading
Forced to slaughter 1/3 of the pigs bc no fodder to feed
300,000 malnutrition deaths
Blockade of nitrates (fertilisers)

Question 22

USA involvement

Answer 22

Neutral
Supplying loans to Allies
Germans attacked American ships killing civilians
Germany hoped to ally with Mexico
Declared on April 1 1917

Question 23

Dreikaiserbund

Answer 23

Germany, AH, Russia
Limit influence of France
Britain stayed isolated

Question 24

Treaty of Berlin

Answer 24

Russia defeats Ottoman Empire
Germany doesn’t want them to have the Dardanelle sea route
Weakened Dreikaiserbund

Question 25

Dual Alliance

Answer 25

Germany and AH
Protection against Russia
Bismarck’s system of alliances to prevent or limit war
Benevolent neutrality to the other if one of them was attacked by another European power

Question 26

Franco-Russian Alliance

Answer 26

France and Russia
Protection against Triple Alliance
France wanted support against Germany; and Russia, against Austria-Hungary
Upset Bismarck; had to protect Germany against such a potential “two-front” threat

Question 27

Weltpolitik

Answer 27

Germany expanded navy & army
Plan of building an empire
Scared Britain and France
Mainly supported by Bismarck

Question 28

Entente Cordiale

Answer 28

1904 Trade agreement
Britain and France
Shocked Germany
France got Morroco
Britain got Egypt

Question 29

Why was Italy neutral at the start of WW1

Answer 29

Would not get Italy the regions it desired
Italy- France secret agreement (support in Morocco for support in Libya & had to stay neutral if they were fighting with Germany)
Allowed them to negotiate with other countries and join whichever side was beneficial

Question 30

Why did Italy join the Allies

Answer 30

Treaty of London- loans
Promised gains in the Balkans
Islands off AH’s coast
Hopes of an Italian empire

Question 31

Demands in the Austrian ultimatum

Answer 31

Ban anti-Austrian propoganda
Investigation by Austrian officials
Fire anti-Austrian teachers
Removal of anti-Austrian soldiers in army