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History > Treaty Of Versailles + LON > Flashcards

Treaty Of Versailles + LON Flashcards

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1
Q

Wilson’s Ideas

A
  1. Don’t be harsh (may seek revenge)
  2. Democracy in defeated countries
  3. Self-determination
  4. International co-operation
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2
Q

Fourteen Points

A
  1. No secret treaties
  2. Disarmament
  3. France to regain Alsace-Lorraine
  4. LON
  5. Self-determination in eastern Europe
  6. Free trade
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3
Q

Paris Peace Conference

A
  1. @Palace of Versailles
  2. 12 months
  3. 5 treaties
  4. The Big Three (Clemenceau, Wilson, Lloyd)
  5. No defeated nations representatives invited
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4
Q

Lloyd’s Ideas

A
  1. Don’t be too harsh
  2. Wanted Germany as a trade partner
  3. Germany loses its territories and navy
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5
Q

Clemenceau’s Ideas

A
  1. Harsh treaty to please his people
  2. Crippled enough to never threaten them again
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6
Q

Terms of TOV

A
  1. War Guilt
  2. Reparations (6,600 million Pounds)
  3. Territories & Colonies
  4. Armed forces
  5. LON
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7
Q

Territories & Colonies

A
  • Upper Silesia to Poland
  • Alsace Lorraine to France
  • Rhineland demilitarised
  • Saarland under LON
  • Danzig run by LON
  • Former colonies became mandates
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8
Q

Armed forces

A
  • 100,000 men
  • Conscription banned
  • 6 battleships
  • No submarines, aircrafts
  • Rhineland demilitirized
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9
Q

Consequences of treaty

A
  • Kapp Putsch (right wing)
  • Munich Putsch (Hitler)
  • Ruhr occupation
  • Hyperinflation
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10
Q

Reasons for opposition of the League in USA

A
  1. Some Americans hated the TOV
  2. Didn’t want to involve US soldiers in wars
  3. American trade would suffer by sanctions
  4. Anti-empires & didn’t wanna help F&B
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11
Q

Aims of the LON

A
  1. Discourage aggression
  2. Encourage cooperation
  3. Disarmament
  4. Improve working/living conditions
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12
Q

Organisation of the League

A

Council
Assembly
Permanent Court of International Justice
Secretariat
ILO
Commisions

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13
Q

Council

A
  • B,F,J,I +temp members
    -Met 5 times a year
  • Veto power
  • Had powers:
    Moral condemnation
    Economic sanctions
    Volunteer military forces
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14
Q

Assembly

A
  • Every country had a representative
  • Recommend action to council
  • Met once a year
  • Unanimous
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15
Q

Commisions

A
  1. Mandates
  2. Refugees
  3. Slavery
  4. Health
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16
Q

Reasons for U.S entry into WW1

A
  1. German U-boat sunk the British
    passenger ship Lusitania off the coast of Ireland- Americans killed
  2. Germany sent a telegram to Mexico suggesting that if the US should declare war on Germany, Mexico should declare war on the US In return- intercepted by the British and hurriedly given to the Americans.
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17
Q

Treaty Of St.Germain

A
  • Austria
  • Separated Austria from Hungary
  • Lost land to Poland and Italy
  • Bosnia given to Yugoslavia
  • Forbidden to unite w/ Germany
  • 30,000 men army
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18
Q

Treaty of Neuilly

A
  • Bulgaria
  • Lost access to Meditteranean
  • Lost land to Yugoslavia, Greece
  • 200,000 men army
  • 100 million reparations
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18
Q

Treaty of Neuilly

A
  • Bulgaria
  • Lost access to Meditteranean
  • Lost land to Yugoslavia, Greece
  • 20,000 men army
  • 100 million reparations
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19
Q

Treaty of Trianon

A
  • Hungary
  • Transfer of territories to Romania, Yugoslavia
  • 3 milllion Hungarians lost
  • Loss of raw materials and population
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20
Q

Treaty of Sevres

A
  • Turkey
  • Tax, finance, budget to be controlled
  • No air force
  • Army restricted
  • 50,000 men army
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21
Q

What happened due to the Treaty of Sevres

A
  • Mustafa Kamal held revolt
  • Drove greeks out of smyrna
  • Forced french to negotiate
  • Treaty of Lausanne
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22
Q

Aaland dispute

A

Finland and Sweden
League said it should be Finlands
Success

23
Q

Upper Silesia

A

Plebiscite divided region between Germany and Poland

24
Q

Vilna

A

Lithuania asked for help after poland invaded
they did not pull out
Failure

25
Q

Corfu

A

Greece and Albania
Italian general killed while in greek territory
Mussolini occupies island
Ordered Greece to apologise and pay compensations

26
Q

Bulgaria

A

Greece invades Bulgaria
Bulgaria approaches League
Investigation done
Greek soldiers leave & pay compensation

27
Q

Washington Conference

A

USA, B, F, J agreed to limit size of navies

28
Q

Rapallo Treaty

A

USSR & Germany re-established diplomatic relations

29
Q

Dawes Plan

A

USA lent money to pay reparations

30
Q

Locarno

A

Germany accepted Western borders
Paved its way into joining LON

31
Q

Kellogg-briand

A

Agreed to no force to settle disputes

32
Q

Young Plan

A

Lower reparations to be paid

33
Q

Manchurian crisis

A

Small attack
Japans invades Manchuria
Sets up Manchukuo
Long delay, no action taken
Invaded again after report
Japan left the LON
League was weak, ineffective

34
Q

Abyssnian crisis

A

Italy invades Abbysnia
League couldn’t decide anything
Britain and France tried making a secret deal
Powerless and irrelevant

35
Q

Saar plebbiscite

A

Plebsicite bw lon & g
chose Germany

36
Q

Axis

A

G, I, J

37
Q

Anschullus

A

Mussolini wasn’t there to stop him this time

38
Q

Kapp Putcsh

A

Right wing opponents
General strike
Wolfgang Kapp
Paralysed essentials

39
Q

Ruhr occupation

A

Second instalment not paid
France and Belgium invaded
Took raw materials and goods
Legal under TOV
Went strike

40
Q

How was the treaty fair

A

Brest-Litovsk was worse (Russia)
Self inflicted economic issues (Kaiser didn’t raise taxes during war)

41
Q

Rules of LON

A

Major countries would join
Disarm
Take all disputes to League
Protect if invaded
Stop trading with aggresor

42
Q

Why were Britain and France not good enough to take this role

A

Weakened by First war
Not major power
No resources to fill USA gap

43
Q

Secretariat

A

Civil service
Records of meetings
Prepared reports
Brought experts together

44
Q

Permanent Court of International Justice

A

Judges of member countries
Based in Hague
Settled disputes
Border disputes
No way of making sure countries followed rulings

45
Q

ILO

A

Employers, governments, workers representatives
Improve working conditions
Statistics, information
Persuading countries to listen

46
Q

League Failures

A

Corfu

47
Q

League Success

A

Bulgaria

48
Q

LON Refugees

A

Stamped out cholera, smallpox in camps
Short on funds
400,000 prisoners returned home
Turkish refugees housed

49
Q

LON Working conditions

A

Banned poisonous white lead from paint
Limited working hours
Lack of funds and power
48 hour work weeks

50
Q

LON Health

A

Sponsored research
Turned into WHO
Developed vaccines to fight malaria
Most successful

51
Q

LON Slavery

A

200,000 slaves in Sierra Leone
Death rate among slaves from 50%-4%
Raids against slave owners and traders

52
Q

LON Economic Recovery

A

-Dawes plan loan helped majorly
-Countries were encouraged to trade which also reduced fights

53
Q

Disarmament Conference

A

Germany was the only country that disarmed
League couldn’t get other countries to disarm
Germany left the League

54
Q

How did the Depression affect Germany

A

US loans dried up
Businesses went bankrupt
Tarrifs placed on imports (retaliation)
Countries started to arm
USA unwilling to impose sanctions

55
Q

The Hoare Laval pact

A

Britain and France hatching a plan
2/3 of Abyssinia in return for calling off his invasion
Plans were leaked
No oil sanctions

History (6 decks)

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