WW two

Question 1

Allies?

Answer 1

France
Britain
US
Australia
Soviet Union

Question 2

Axis?

Answer 2

Germany
Italy
Japan
Bulgaria
Romania

Question 3

Why did Australia join ww2?

Answer 3

Australia was still loyal to Britain so when Britain declared war on Germany in 1939, Australia declared war on Germany

Question 4

Causes of WW2?

Answer 4

Treaty of versailles
Economic depression
Appeasement
Expansionism
Nationalism

Question 5

Why was the treaty of versailles a cause?

Answer 5

the treaty very harshly punished Germany and blamed them entirely for WW1, they had restrictions on their land size, army, and had to pay millions in reparations. Italy and Japan were both denied territory promised to them by Britain and France.

Question 6

Why was economic depression a cause?

Answer 6

unemployment and economic depression led to Hitler’s rise in power in Germany. In 1933 he was elected chancellor of Germany and held dictatorship power.

Question 7

Why was appeasement a cause?

Answer 7

in 1938 Hitler demanded that Czechoslovakie cede (give up) the Sudetenland to Germany, in hopes of avoiding another war Britain and France gave in to Hitler’s demands.

Question 8

Why was expansionism a cause?

Answer 8

Japan wanted to be self-sufficient but did not have enough resources or space so they decided on an expansionist policy to achieve their goals. In 1937, Japan invaded China and in 1941 they invaded French Indo-China (Vietnam).

Question 9

Why was nationalism a cause?

Answer 9

Hitler, Mussolini and General Tojo believed their nations were superior to others and should control the world. This led to their invasion of surrounding countries.

Question 10

POWS in Japan

Answer 10

Japan did not sign the Geneva Convention and believe surrender is shameful.
28 000 Australians were captured by the Japanese as POWs but only 21 000 returned.
POWs were originally kept in Singapore but were moved to work on the Thai-Burma railway. US submarines attacked whilst they were moving and killed over 1700 people, including Australians.
The railway was completed in just over a year (September 1942 to October 1943). Over 300 000 men worked on the railway, including 60 000 Allied soldiers.
Sandakan Death March describes the forced marching of Australian POWs from Sandakan to Ranau in late 1944, with only six out of a thousand Australians sent to Ranau surviving.

Question 11

POW in Europe?

Answer 11

POWs who were taken by the Germans or Italians were provided with adequate food and medical help.
Those captured by the Italians were released in 1943 and those captured by the Nazis in 1945.

Question 12

What happened in Tobruk?

Answer 12

The Germans placed Tobruk under siege for 242 days in 1941
The Allies managed to hold Tobruk for much longer than anticipated
The Australians ‘The Rats of Tobruk’ were named by the Germans as they were unable to get rid of them

Question 13

What happened in Greece?

Answer 13

One section of the second AIF was sent to fight in Greece
Greece fell to the Germans and the second AIF escaped to Crete
The Australians were later captured and sent to German POW camps for the rest of the war

Question 14

Name the two attacks on Australia and their cause?

Answer 14

On 19 February 1942, Darwin was bombed twice during the day, with 252 people killed.
On 31 May 1942, three Japanese submarines invaded Sydney harbour and attempted to launch an attack.
Many air raids were conducted and the east coast was shelled.

Question 15

What and when was pearl harbour?

Answer 15

On December 7 1941, Pearl Harbour was bombed in a surprise attack aiming to take out the US navy and their aircraft carries.

Question 16

The Aus, Britin and us relationship

Answer 16

John Curtin overruled Winston Churchill and ordered troops to defend Australia instead of Burma (a British colony), breaking the deep historic ties between Australia and Britain.
Curtin appealed to the US for assistance, the Americans agreed and stationed their headquarters in Brisbane.
In March 1941, the American General Douglas Macarthur arrived in Australia and initiated the offensive against the Japanese.

Question 16

Japanese attack on Singapore?

Answer 16

The Japanese invaded Singapore from the north as the British navy anticipated an attack from the sea, where Japanese aircraft were attacking.
Singapore surrendered on the 15th of February 1942, with over 80 000 British and Australian troops being captured as POWs.

Question 17

What were the conditions like in Kokoda?

Answer 17

Many troops contracted diseases (malaria, dysentery, dengue fever)
Food shortages
The mountainous jungle landscape

Question 18

What is the Kokoda?

Answer 18

54 000 untrained Australian conscripts were sent to fight in Kokoda.
The Japanese were pushed back to Kokoda in September 1942, where they were later defeated.
On december 1 1942, the Allies attacked Buna and Gona, defeating the Japanese a month later.

Question 19

When was the first bomb?

Answer 19

On August 6th 1945, an atomic bomb was dropped on Hiroshima, destroying two thirds of the city and killing 80 000 people (20 000 of which were military).

Question 20

When was the second bomb dropped?

Answer 20

On August 9th, an second bomb was dropped on Nagasaki, killing 40 000 people (150 of which were soldiers). The original target of the bomb was Kokura, however bad weather rerouted the pilot to Nagasaki.

Question 20

What was operation downfall?

Answer 20

US ‘Operation Downfall’ planned the invasion of the Japanese mainland, it was estimated that there would be 1.5 million Allied casualties and 5 - 10 million Japanese deaths as a result.
Instead of ‘Operation Downfall’, President Truman decided two atomic bombs were to be dropped in Japan

Question 20

What was Japan like in the late years of the war?

Answer 20

Japan was low on resources (fuel) in 1945, resulting in the use of kamikaze attacks on Allied ships.
In April 1945, US troops landed in Okinawa, creating the largest amphibious assault of the war that resulted in the death of 100 000 Japanese troops, 75 000 Allied troops, and 149 425 local Okinawans.
Every able bodied Japanese citizen was armed and sent to fight (including children).

Question 20

The government on the Homefront?

Answer 20

Government propaganda encouraged hatred of the enemy, enlistment and racial abuse.
Non essentials were restricted and the rationing of food was introduced in 1942.
Curtin persuaded the labour party to extend the boundaries of conscript service north to the equator.

Question 21

What happened with the fear of invasion?

Answer 21

The fear of invasion was promoted to Australians so they would accept wartime policies and government control in the forms of public air raid structures, digging trenches, installing barbed wire fences, anti submarine nets and nightly blackouts.
Radio broadcasts, films, printed materials, and letters were censored to prevent idle talk.

Question 22

Work and women on the Homefront?

Answer 22

In January 1942, the directorate of manpower was established to allocate labour to war needs.
Women were encouraged to join the workforce, and housewives were encouraged to babysit children.
Many women married American soldiers and moved to America after the war.

Question 23

DATES?

Answer 23

DATES
September 1 1939 - Britain and France declare war on Germany
September 3 1939 - Australia declares war on Germany
December 7 1941 - Pearl Harbour was bombed and the US join the war
December 11 1941 - Germany declares war on the US
May 8 1945 - the formal acceptance of Nazi Germany’s unconditional surrender
August 6 1945 - atomic bomb was dropped on Hiroshima
August 9 1945 - atomic bomb was dropped on Nagasaki
September 2 1945 - Japanese surrender and official end of WW2