WSPU (1903-14)

Question 1

Name the 5 leading Suffragists & Suffragettes

Answer 1

• Lydia Becker (NUWSS)
• Millicent Fawcett (NUWSS leader)
• Emmeline Pankhurst
• Christabel Pankhurst
• Sylvia Pankhurst

Question 2

the ________ focused on the vote for women through unifying ______ _______ campaigning for female suffrage

Answer 2

• the NUWSS focused on the vote for women through unifying different groups campaigning for female suffrage

Question 3

in ____, the NUWSS had _____ members, compared with the WSPU’s _____ members

Answer 3

• in 1913, the NUWSS had 50,000 members, compared with the WSPU’s 2,000 members

Question 4

between ______, ______ ______ was not debated once within the HoC

Answer 4

• between 1886-92, women’s suffrage was not debated once within the HoC

Question 5

the National Union of Women’s Suffrage Societies (NUWSS) was formed in _____

Answer 5

• the National Union of Women’s Suffrage Societies (NUWSS) was formed in 1897

Question 6

the WSPU was founded in ____ in __________

Answer 6

• the WSPU was founded in 1903 in Manchester

Question 7

“the WSPU wanted not votes for ______, but votes for ____ (M/C)”

Answer 7

• “the WSPU wanted not votes for women, but votes for ladies (M/C)”

Question 8

______ ______ in Hyde park was attended by _____ people in ____

Answer 8

• Women’s Sunday in Hyde park was attended by 300,000 people in 1908

Question 9

the WSPU … in 1905, which resulted in … due to its rejection

Answer 9

• the WSPU sent a petition to parliament in 1905, which resulted in increased militancy due to its rejection

Question 10

the government passed the _____________ in _____, which put a stop to …

Answer 10

• the government passed the Cat & Mouse Act in 1913, which put a stop to force feeding in prisons

Question 11

What took place in March 1914

Answer 11

• 4 major arson attacks on homes, churches and pavilions

Question 12

Charlotte Despard & Teresa Billington-Greig (WFL) took ___ of WSPU members with them in _

Answer 12

• Charlotte Despard & Teresa Billington-Greig (WFL) took 1/5 of WSPU members with them in 1907

Question 13

before ____, _ Tory conferences voted in favour of female suffrage. was against it in _______

Answer 13

• before 1911, 6 Tory conferences voted in favour of female suffrage. was against it in 1912-13

Question 14

How many splits were there in the WSPU

Answer 14

• 7

Question 15

In ____, Sylvia published …

Answer 15

• In 1911, Sylvia published The Suffragette: The History of the Women’s Militant Suffrage Movement

Question 16

suffragette _____ _____ in ____ alienated moderate supporters

Answer 16

• suffragette arson attacks in 1913 alienated moderate supporters

Question 17

the ___ ______ _____ was rejected by __ votes

Answer 17

• the 1912 Conciliation Bill was rejected by 12 votes

Question 18

• in feb ____, WSPU + NUWSS took part in ____ _____; a large protest coinciding with the opening of __________

Answer 18

• in feb 1907, WSPU + NUWSS took part in Mud March; a large protest coinciding with the opening of Parliament

Question 19

____ ____ ____: wrote in the journal ‘____ ___ ____’ in ____ that “nothing but militant action is left to us now”

Answer 19

• Emmeline Pethick Lawerence: wrote in the journal ‘Votes For Women’ in 1908 that “nothing but militant action is left to us now”

Question 20

in _____, suffragettes were arrested for throwing stones through the windows of __ ______ _____

Answer 20

• in 1909, suffragettes were arrested for throwing stones through the windows of 10 Downing Street

Question 21

from ____: WSPU’s militancy became more ______

Answer 21

• from 1912: WSPU’s militancy became more extreme

Question 22

____: when war broke out, Pankhurst called a ceasefire to the _______ ______ in a demonstration of _______

Answer 22

• 1914: when war broke out, Pankhurst called a ceasefire to the militant campaigns in a demonstration of patriotism

Question 23

______ was reluctant to give women the vote as it would increase ‘______’

Answer 23

• Gladstone was reluctant to give women the vote as it would increase ‘faddism’ in politics
• faddism = diff groups determined to promote their diff interests

Question 24

WSPU violence led the Govt debating if … to …

Answer 24

• WSPU violence led the Govt debating if they should give women the vote to how to deal with the WSPU violence

Question 25

between ______, the NUWSS grew their branches from __ to __

Answer 25

• between 1902-06, the NUWSS grew their branches from 17 to 31

Question 26

the work of the ______ ensured that the HoC included ____ MPs committed to female suffrage

Answer 26

• the work of the NUWSS ensured that the HoC included 415 MPs committed to female suffrage

Question 27

outline the 1910 Conciliation Bill

Answer 27

• gave suffrage to wealthy women
• bill passed 2nd reading by 100 votes but Asquith declared no time to debate, so didn’t become a bill
• WSPU paused their violence for this

Question 28

outline the 1911 private bill

Answer 28

• gave suffrage to wealthy women
• whilst debating, WSPU carried out window smashing
• the bill was subsequently dropped

Question 29

outline the 1912 Conciliation Bill

Answer 29

• gave suffrage to wealthy women
• WSPU continued with aggressive militant activities
• over 130 MPs who previously supported the bill either didnt vote at all or voted against

Question 30

why did the 1912 CB fail

Answer 30

• WSPU violence undermined women’s credibility - made them appear irresponsible, too reckless. Govt didnt want to legitimise violence by passing bill
• Asquith persuaded Irish MPs to drop female suffrage bill for his support on the Irish Home Rule

Question 31

there was a belief that the vote was a _____ not a _____

Answer 31

• there was a belief that the vote was a responsibility not a right

Question 32

outline the 1913 Conciliation Bill

Answer 32

• was proposed to remove ‘male’ from the bill - thus including women
• there was much opposition in Parliament - e.g. from Asquith

Question 33

WSPU violence undermined the NUWSS’ argument hat women were _____ _____ and so deserve the vote

Answer 33

• WSPU violence undermined the NUWSS’ argument hat women were morally superior and so deserve the vote

Question 34

in ____ WSPU had _ branches, in ____ it had ____; shows rapid growth in support

Answer 34

• in 1906 WSPU had 3 branches, in 1911 it had 122; shows rapid growth in support

Question 35

up to ____, there was very little to distinguish the NUWSS from the WSPU

Answer 35

• up to 1908, there was very little to distinguish the NUWSS from the WSPU

Question 36

what did Asquith say in 1918 when discussing the womens vote

Answer 36

• ‘the absence of that detestable campaign which disfigured political agitation’
• the absence of suffragette violence meant PLT could now seriously consider the issue of female suffrage

Question 37

outline the Mud March

Answer 37

• in 1907
• attracted 3,000 supporters + positive media coverage of determination of women
• was a march through the poor weather conditions (hence ‘mud’ march)

Question 38

between -, women’s suffrage wasnt debated once within the HofC

Answer 38

• between 1886-92, women’s suffrage wasnt debated once within the HofC

Question 39

outline the NUWSS’s tactic of political lobbying + alliances

Answer 39

• they strategically help elect MPs who supported women’s suffrage, increasing pressure on PLT
• their moderate + rational approach earned respect + credibility among politicians