(written by Riona Adams) Microbiology - bugs Flashcards
Give the investigations for staphylococcus aureus (3)
- ) Gram +ve cocci
- ) Catalase +ve
- ) Coagulase +ve
What does staphylococcus aureus cause?
- ) Skin infections (impetigo/cellulitis)
- ) Osteomyelitis/septic arthritis
- ) Pneumonia
- ) Endocarditis
What do we give to treat staphylococcus aureus?
Flucloxacillin (vancomycin if MRSA)
Give the investigations for staphylococcus epidermis (3)
- ) Gram +ve cocci
- ) Catalase +ve
- ) Coagulase -ve
What does staphylococcus epidermidis cause?
Endocarditis (prosthetic valves)
What do we give to treat staphylococcus epidermis?
Flucloxacillin
Give the investigations for staphylococcus saphrophyticus (3)
- ) Gram +ve cocci
- ) Catalase +ve
- ) Coagulase -ve
What does staphylococcus saphrophyticus cause?
Honeymoon cystitis (UTI)
What do we give to treat staphylococcus saphrophyticus?
Trimethoprim
Give the investigations for streptococcus pneumoniae (4)
- ) Gram +ve cocci
- ) Catalase -ve
- ) Green BA (ALPHA)
- ) Optochin sensitive
What does streptococcus pneumoniae cause?
- ) Pneumonia (community)
- ) Meningitis
What do we give to treat streptococcus pneumoniae? (2)
Amoxicillin, cephotaxime
Give the investigations for streptococcus viridans (4)
- ) Gram +ve cocci
- ) Catalase -ve
- ) Green BA (ALPHA)
- ) Optochin resistant
What does streptococcus viridans cause?
Endocarditis (rheumatic patients in dental)
What do we give to treat streptococcus viridans? (2)
Benzylpenicillin and gentamycin
Give the investigations for streptococcus pyogenes (4)
- ) Gram +ve cocci
- ) Catalase -ve
- ) Clear BA (BETA)
- ) Lancefield type A
What does streptococcus pyogenes cause?
- ) Cellulitis, nec fac, impetigo, scarlet fever
- ) Strep throat
- ) Rheumatic fever, glomerulonephritis
What do we give to treat streptococcus pyogenes?
Amoxicillin
Give the investigations for listeria monocytogenes (2)
- ) Gram +ve bacilli
- ) Aerobic
What does listeria monocytogenes cause?
- ) Meningitis (immunocompromised)
- ) Sepsis (neonates)
- ) Abortion (pregnancy)
What do we give to treat listeria monocytogenes? (2)
Amoxicillin and gentamycin
Give the investigations for clostridium (2)
- ) Gram +ve bacilli
- ) Anaerobic
What does clostridium cause?
- ) Perfringes - gas gangrene
- ) Tetani - tetanus
- ) Difficile - pseudomem colitis
- ) Botulinum - botulism
Give the investigations for bacillus (2)
- ) Gram +ve bacilli
- ) Anaerobic
What does bacillus cause?
- ) Anthracis - antrax
- ) Cereus - food poisoning (rice)
Which gram positive bacteria is notifiable?
Bacillus
Give the investigations for escherichia coli (2)
- ) Gram -ve bacilli
- ) Lactose fermenter
What does escherichia coli cause?
- ) Diarrhoea
- ) UTI
- ) Pneumonia
- ) Meningitis
What do we give to treat escherichia coli? (3)
- ) Supportive
- ) Trimetrhoprime
- ) Amoxicillin
Give the investigations for klebsiella pneumoniae (2)
- ) Gram -ve bacteria
- ) Lactose fermenter
What does klebsiella pneumoniae cause?
- ) Pneumonia (hospital/immuno)
- ) UTI
What do we give to treat klebsiella pneumoniae?
Cefotaxime (cephalosporin)
Give the investigations for nesisseria (2)
- ) Gram -ve cocci
- ) Oxidase +ve
What does nesisseria cause?
- ) Meningitis (teens)
- ) Gonorrhoea
What do we give to treat nesisseria? (2)
- ) Benzylpenicillin
- ) Ciprofloxacin
Give the investigations for haemophilus influenzae (2)
- ) Gram -ve coccobacilli (parvobacteria)
- ) VX on chocolate agar
What does haemophilus influenzae cause?
- ) Meningitis (teens)
- ) Pneumonia
- ) Cellulitis
What do we give to treat haemophilus influenzae?
Cefotaxime
Give the investigations for legionella pneumophila (2)
- ) Gram -ve coccobacilli
- ) Urine antigen test
What does legionella pneumophila cause?
Pneumonia (water)
What do we give to treat legionella pneumophila? (2)
Amoxicillin and rifampicin
Give the investigations for pseudomonas auguensa (3)
- ) Gram -ve bacilli
- ) Non-lactose fermenter
- ) Oxidase +ve
What does pseudomonas auguensa cause?
- ) UTI (catheterised)
- ) Pneumonia (bronchiectasis/CF)
- ) Smelly sputum
What do we give to treat pseudomonas auguensa? (2)
Gentamycin and ceftazidime
Give the investigations for proteus mirabilis (2)
- ) Gram -ve bacilli
- ) Non-lactose fermenter
What does proteus mirabilis cause?
- ) UTI
- ) Kidney stones
What do we give to treat proteus mirabilis?
Trimethoprim
Give the investigations for campylobacter jejuni/coli (2)
- ) Parvobacteria, gram -ve coccobacilli
- ) Oxidase +ve
What does campylobacter jejuni/coli cause?
- ) Diarrhoea +/- dysentery
- ) Reactive arthritis
- ) Guillain Barre
What do we give to treat campylobacter jejuni/coli?
None/ciprofloxacin
Give the investigation for helicobacter pylori (1)
Oxidase +ve