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(SG) Phase 2A lectures > (written by Riona Adams) Drugs + HLA types > Flashcards

(written by Riona Adams) Drugs + HLA types Flashcards

1
Q

Give a name of a proton pump inhibitor

A

Lansoprazole

Omeprazole

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2
Q

Give a name of a H2 blocker

A

Ranitidine

Cimetidine

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3
Q

Give a name of a DMARD

A

Methotrexate
Sulfasalazine
Hydroxychloroquine
Rituximab

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4
Q

Give an example of an ACE inhibitor

A

Ramipril

Lisinopril

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5
Q

Give an example of an angiotensin receptor blocker

A

Candesartane

Eprosartan

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6
Q

Give an example of a calcium channel blocker

A

Amlodipine

Nifedipine

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7
Q

Give an example of an NSAID

A

Aspirin
Ibuprofen
Salicyclic acid
Diclofenec

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8
Q

Give an example of beta blocker

A

Atenolol

Bisoprolol

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9
Q

Give an example of a thiazide like diuretic

A

Bendroflumethazide

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10
Q

Give an example of a potassium sparing diuretic

A

Spironolactone

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11
Q

How do PPIs work?

A

Irreversible inactivate protein pumps

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12
Q

How do some diuretics work?

A

Inhibit symporters in areas of the kidney nephron so that there is reduced reabsorption of salt from the filtrate

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13
Q

How does heparin work?

A

Anticoagulant, inhibits thrombin and factor X

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14
Q

How do CCBs work?

A

Increase cGMP and reduce intracellular Ca2+

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15
Q

How do statins work?

A

Block rate limiting step in cholesterol pathway

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16
Q

How does aspirin work?

A

Irreversible inactivation of cycloxygenase (COX)

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17
Q

How does ibuprofen work?

A

Completely inhibits arachidonic acid at the active site of COX

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18
Q

How does penicillin work?

A

Inhibits transpeptidases, preventing cross linking and inhibiting bacterial wall synthesis

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19
Q

How do corticosteroids work?

A

Up regulate anti-inflammatory genes and down regulate pro-inflammatory genes

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20
Q

Give an example of an SSRI

A

Fluoxetine

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21
Q

What does SSRI stand for?

A

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor

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22
Q

Give an example of a tricyclic antidepressant

A

Amitryptilline

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23
Q

When should we give SSRIs?

A

Morning

24
Q

When should we give tricyclic antidepressants?

A

Evening

25
Q

What does LAMA/SAMA stand for?

A

Long/short acting muscarinic antagonist

26
Q

What does LABA/SABA stand for?

A

Long/short acting beta-2-agonist

27
Q

Give an example of a SABA

A

Salbutamol

28
Q

Give an example of a SAMA

A

Ipratropium

29
Q

Give an example of a LABA

A

Salmeterol

30
Q

Give an example of a LAMA

A

Tiotroponin

31
Q

How does warfarin work?

A

Blocks formation of vitamin K dependent clotting factors

32
Q

What does an alpha blocker do in BPH?

A

Decrease smooth muscle tone of prostate and bladder

33
Q

Give an example of an alpha blocker

A

Tamsulosin

34
Q

What does a 5 alpha reductase inhibitor do in BPH?

A

Decreases testosterone conversion to dihydrotestosterone, a potent androgen receptor agonist

35
Q

Give an example of a 5 alpha reductase inhibitor

A

Finasteride

36
Q

What does an oral phosphodiesterase (PDE5) inhibitor do in ED?

A

Increases cGMP

37
Q

Give an example of a PDE5 inhibitor

A

Sildenafil

38
Q

What HLA type does T1DM have?

A

HLA DR3/4

39
Q

What HLA type does coeliac disease have?

A

HLA DQ2/8

40
Q

What HLA type do spondyloarthropathies have?

A

HLA B27

41
Q

What HLA type does RA have?

A

HLA DR4/1

42
Q

What HLA type does SLE have?

A

HLA B8/DR2/DR3

43
Q

What HLA type does sarcoidosis have?

A

HLA DRB1/DQB1

44
Q

In what condition is HLA B27 found?

A

Spondyloarthropathies

45
Q

In what condition is HLA DR3 found?

A

T1DM, SLE

46
Q

In what condition is HLA DQ8 found?

A

5% of coeliac disease

47
Q

In what condition is HLA DQB1 found?

A

Sarcoidosis

48
Q

In what condition is HLA B8 found?

A

SLE

49
Q

In what condition is HLA DR4 found?

A

T1DM, RA

50
Q

In what condition is HLA DQ2 found?

A

95% of coeliac disease

51
Q

In what condition is HLA DRB1 found?

A

Sarcoidosis

52
Q

In what condition is HLA DR2 found?

A

SLE

53
Q

In what condition is HLA DR1 found?

A

RA

54
Q

Give an example of an antiplatelet

A

Clopidogrel

55
Q

How does clopidogrel work?

A

Irreversibly binds to ADP receptors (P2Y12) on the surface of platelets, preventing platelet aggregation

56
Q

What does HLA stand for?

A

Human leukocyte antigen

(SG) Phase 2A lectures (14 decks)

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