Writing Task Flashcards
Sinonimo para
There was an overall downward trend […]
There was an overall decline […]
Sinônimo para
[…] demand dropped steadily to […]
[…] demand fell gradually to […]
Sinônimo para
There was a slight rise of […], but then there was a sharp fall of […]
There was a small increase of […], but then there was a significant drop of […]
rate
the speed at which something happens or changes, or the amount or number of times it happens or changes in a particular period
ratio; proportion
plunged
to (cause someone or something to) move or fall suddenly and often a long way forward, down, or into something
dipped; soaked
plummeted
to fall very quickly and suddenly
collapsed
soared
to rise very quickly to a high level; to reach a great height
climb; fly;
ascend
slow trend
gradually, slightly, steadily
fast trend
wildly, sharply, dramatically, suddenly
template resposta task 1
THE [tipo de gráfico apresentado] PROVIDES INFORMATION ABOUT [tema geral do enunciado]. IT SHOWS [descrição dos eixos].
OVERALL, […] BY CONTRAST, […]
A CLOSER EXAMINATION OF THE FIGURES […] REVEALS THAT […]
IT IS CLEAR FROM THE CHART THAT […]
Sinonimo para
“demand dropped steadily to around …”
demand fell gradually to around …
Sinonimo para
“there was a slight rise of …, but then there was a sharp fall
there was a small increase of …, but then there was a significant drop
Sinonimo para
“recovered to its previous level, but numbers have since declined steadily”
rose to the same level, but numbers have since fallen slowly
Sinonimo para
“rose gradually to around …. years ago and have remained stable ever since”
increased slowly to … and has since levelled off
fewest; least
fewer is used when the number of things is counted (“fewer problems”) whereas less is used when the number is measured (“less trouble” or “less time”).
Cohesive devices
Sinonimo para
“However”
Yet
Be that as it may
Cohesive devices
Sinonimo para
“Therefore”
Consequently
For this reason
Task1 Adverbs to describe HOW
sharply > ….. > moderately
considerably
significantly
substantially
Cohesive devices
Sinonimo para
“Still,”
Nonetheless
Nevertheless
Cohesive devices
Sinonimo para
“Whereas”
While
But
Highlighting interesting points Adverbs
Encouragingly
Not surprisingly
Thankfully
Highlighting interesting points Adverbs
Disturbingly
Unpredictably
Strangely
Highlighting interesting points Adverbs
Unexpectedly
Predictably
Worryingly
First conditional
… publishers think that they can sell enough copies, they will not publish a book.
Unless
First conditional
… reviewers like the manuscript, they will pass it on to the commissioning editor.
Provided
First conditional
The book can go for printing …
it has been thoroughly checked for errors
If
a resounding success
also informal a roaring success)
a very great success
“The evening was a resounding success”
blueprint (for something)
a plan which shows what can be achieved and how it can be achieved
“a blueprint for the privatization of healthcare”
status
high rank or social position;
the level of importance that is given to something
“This reflects the high status accorded to science in our culture”
Reporting words and phrases
Claim
Contradict
Concluded
Question
Held
Explained
Linking words and phrases
In spite of
Despite
Whereas
Although
precinct
a part of a city or a town in which vehicles are not allowed, used for a special purpose, such as shopping
mint
a place where the new coins of a country are made
casa da moeda
[ S ] informal
an extremely large amount of money
fortuna
devise
to invent a plan, system, object, etc., usually using your intelligence or imagination
criar
appointee
sb assigned to a job
nomeado/-da
prejudicado
undermined, harmed
uso desenfreado
uncontrolled, rampant
incentivado
stimulated, promoted, encouraged
piorar
worsen, deteriorate
baseado em…
built, foundation
me faz sentir renovada
renewed, energetic, recharged
fuga de cérebros
brain drain
Task1
simple present e quando usar
gráficos descritivos
Task1
simple past e quando usar
gráficos com datas no passado
Present continuous
started not finished
I am doing
Past continuous
I was doing
Future: be going to
future plans and intentions
the decision is already made
Be going to is used when we want to emphasise our decision or the evidence in the present
Future: will
Will is used when we are talking about something with absolute certainty
Will is used to make predictions about the future
Present perfect
period of time that continues until now
I have done
Present perfect continuous
we are thinking of the activity
I have been doing
Conditionals (If)
Past perfect
I had done
Past perfect continuous
I had been doing
Reported speech
He said that….
Future perfect
Future perfect continuous
Passive voice
Diagrams Task1
To help plan your answer
write the different verbs you will use to describe each stage on the diagram itself
Maps Task 1
Describing changes - verbs
add
remove
modernise
extend
replace
reconstruct
improve
renovate
reduce
develop
Task2
TO WHAT EXTENT
how much do you agree?
I wholeheartedly agree/disagree that..
I am completely convinced that…
I am somewhat on the fence… (50/50).
