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Writer's Inc. > Writer's Inc (Simple Cards #8) > Flashcards

Writer's Inc (Simple Cards #8) Flashcards

1
Q

proper noun

A

a noun that names a particular person, place, thing, or idea; they are always capitalized

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2
Q

common noun

A

a noun that does not name a particular person, place, thing, or idea; they are not capitalized

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3
Q

concrete noun

A

a noun that names a thing that is tangible (can be seen, touched, heard, smelled, or tasted)

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4
Q

abstract noun

A

a noun that names an idea, a condition, or a feeling–in other words, something that cannot be touched, smelled, tasted, seen, or heard

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5
Q

collective noun

A

a noun that names a group or a unit

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6
Q

number of a noun or pronoun

A

an indication that a noun or pronoun is either singular or plural (e.g. cat vs cats; I vs we)

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7
Q

gender of a noun or pronoun

A

an indication that a noun is male, female, neuter, or indefinite (e.g. boy, girl, table, doctor [nouns]; he, she, it, anybody [pronouns])

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8
Q

case of a noun or pronoun

A

something that shows how nouns or pronouns are related to other words used with them

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9
Q

nominative case

A

a case where the noun/pronoun is the subject of the clause (e.g. David is white. I am black.)

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10
Q

possessive case

A

a case where the noun/pronoun shows possession or ownership (David’s car is white. My computer is black.)

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11
Q

objective case

A

a case where the noun/pronoun can be a direct object, indirect object, or an object of the preposition (John sued David. Desmond hated THEM. [them=pronoun])

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12
Q

pronoun

A

a word used in place of a noun

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13
Q

antecedent

A

the noun that the pronoun refers to or replaces

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14
Q

personal pronoun

A

a pronoun that can take the place of any noun (e.g. he, she, it, etc.)

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15
Q

reflexive pronoun

A

a pronoun formed by adding -self or -selves to a personal pronoun (e.g. myself, themselves)

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16
Q

intensive pronoun

A

a reflexive pronoun that intensifies, or emphasizes, the noun or pronoun it refers to (e.g. Leo himself taught his children to invest.)

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17
Q

relative pronoun

A

relates an adjective clause to the noun or pronoun it modifies (e.g. The dance, WHICH we had looked forward to for weeks, was cancelled. {WHICH = pronoun})

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18
Q

indefinite pronoun

A

a pronoun that refers to an unnamed or unknown people or things (e.g. somebody, everybody, nobody)

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19
Q

interrogative pronoun

A

a pronoun that asks a question (e.g. who, what)

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20
Q

demonstrative pronoun

A

a pronoun that points out people, places, or things without naming them (e.g. THOSE ought to be thrown out. [THOSE=pronoun])

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21
Q

person of a pronoun

A

an indication about whether the person, place, thing, or idea represented by the pronoun is speaking, is spoken to, or is spoken about; there are three persons: first person, second person, and third person

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22
Q

first person (pronoun)

A

a pronoun used in place of the name of the speaker or speakers (e.g. I, we)

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23
Q

second person (pronoun)

A

a pronoun that names the person or persons spoken to (e.g. you)

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24
Q

third person (pronoun)

A

a pronoun that names the person or thing spoken about (e.g. he, she, it)

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25
Q

verb

A

a word that expresses action (e.g. run, carried, declared) or state of being (e.g. is, are, seemed)

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26
Q

noun

A

a word that names something: a person, place, thing, or idea

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27
Q

linking verb

A

a verb that links the subject to a noun or an adjective in the predicate (He WAS smart.)

28
Q

auxiliary verb

A

also called helping verbs; they are verbs used to form some of the tenses, the mood, and the voice of the main verb (e.g. The pie WAS eaten by the dog. [was is auxiliary verb indicating passive voice])

29
Q

intransitive verb

A

A verb that communicates an action that is complete in itself; it does not need an object to receive the action. (e.g. He jumped.)

30
Q

transitive verb

A

An action verb that needs an object to complete the meaning. (e.g. The city council PASSED a strict noise ordinance. [just saying ‘The city council passed’ is obviously incomplete]

31
Q

basic fact about transitive and intransitive verbs

A

Some verbs are intransitive, some are transitive, and some are both.

32
Q

direct object

A

Something that receives the action of a transitive verb directly from the subject; without it, the transitive verb’s meaning is incomplete. (e.g. The city council passed a strict noise ORDINANCE. [ordinance = direct object, city council = subject, passed = transitive verb])

33
Q

indirect object

A

Something that also receives the action of a transitive verb, but indirectly. An indirect object names the person to whom or for whom something is done. It can also name the thing to what or for what something is done. (e.g. Then he showed US his best tricks. [US=indirect object, tricks=direct object])

34
Q

verbal

A

a word that is derived from a verb but acts as another part of speech; there are three types of verbals: gerund, infinitive, and participle

35
Q

gerund

A

a verb form that ends in -ing and is used as a noun (e.g. swimming, running)

36
Q

infinitive

A

a verb form that is usually introduced by to; the infinitive may be used as a noun, an adjective, or an adverb (e.g. to swim)

37
Q

participle

A

a verb form ending in -ing or -ed that acts as an adjective (e.g. rising sun, boiled water)

38
Q

voice of a verb

A

an indication of whether the subject is acting or being acted upon

39
Q

active voice

A

voice that indicates that the subject of the verb is, has been, or will be doing something (e.g. Lou HOLDS the world record. [Lou is doing something, he’s holding a world record.])

40
Q

passive voice

A

voice that indicates that the subject of the verb is being, has been, or will be acted upon (e.g. The world record was held by Lou. [The world record is the subject, and it’s being acted upon by Lou, who is holding it.])

41
Q

number of a verb

A

an indication that the verb is singular or plural (e.g. One large island FLOATS off Italy’s toe. [floats=singular form of verb]; Five small islands FLOAT inside Michigan’s thumb. [float=plural form of verb])

42
Q

subject-verb agreement

A

a grammatical rule that states: if a subject is singular, its verb must also be singular; if a subject is plural, its verb must also be plural.

43
Q

person of a verb

A

an indication that the subject of the verb is first, second, or third person (e.g. [singular] I sniff; you sniff, he sniffs; [plural] we sniff, you sniff, they sniff)

44
Q

tense

A

an indication of time; each verb has three principal parts: the present, the past, and the past participle; all six tenses are formed from these three principal parts

45
Q

present tense

A

tense that expresses action that is happening at the present time, or action that happens continually or regularly

46
Q

past tense

A

tense that expresses action that is completed at a particular time in the past

47
Q

future tense

A

tense that expresses action that will take place in the future

48
Q

present perfect tense

A

tense that expresses action that began in the past but continues in the present or is completed in the present

49
Q

past perfect tense

A

tense that expresses an action in the past that occurs before another past action

50
Q

future perfect tense

A

tense that expresses action that will begin in the future and be completed by a specific time in the future

51
Q

past participle

A

the form of a verb, typically ending in -ed in English, which is used in forming perfect and passive tenses and sometimes as an adjective (e.g. looked in ‘have you looked?’, lost in ‘lost property’)

52
Q

mood of a verb

A

an indication of the tone or attitude with which a statement is made

53
Q

indicative mood

A

a mood used to state a fact or ask a question

54
Q

imperative mood

A

a mood used to give a command

55
Q

subjunctive mood

A

a mood used to express wishes, suggestions, or desires

56
Q

conditional mood (non-English)

A

a grammatical mood used in conditional sentences to express a proposition whose validity is dependent on some condition (e.g. Turkish)

57
Q

hypothetical mood (non-English)

A

a grammatical mood found in some languages (e.g. Lakota) which indicates that while a statement is not actually true, it could easily have been

58
Q

adjective

A

a word that describes or modifies a noun or pronoun

59
Q

article

A

A special type of adjective; English has two articles: “the” and “a/an”. The is used to refer to specific or particular nouns; a/an is used to modify non-specific or non-particular nouns. We call THE the definite article and A/AN the indefinite article.

60
Q

proper adjective

A

an adjective created from a proper noun; it is capitalized (e.g. Canadians winters are harsh. [Canadian is a proper adjective, modifying winter])

61
Q

predicate adjective

A

an adjective that follows a form of the “be” verb (or other linking verb) and describes the subject (e.g. David is WHITE.)

62
Q

three forms of adjectives

A

Adjectives have three forms: positive, comparative, and superlative.

63
Q

positive form

A

an adjective that describes a noun or a pronoun without comparing it to anyone or anything else (e.g. A giraffe’s neck is LONG. He is HELPFUL. A cracked tooth is PAINFUL.)

64
Q

comparative form

A

an adjective that compares two persons, places, things, or ideas (e.g. The second game was LONGER than the first. She is even MORE HELPFUL than he. A root canal is LESS PAINFUL than a cracked tooth.)

65
Q

superlative form

A

an adjective that compares three or more persons, places, things, or ideas (e.g. The third game was the LONGEST of all. Google is the MOST HELPFUL resource. A routine dental cleaning is the LEAST PAINFUL dental option.)

Writer's Inc. (12 decks)

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