wrist/fingers

Question 1

muscles flexing the wrist?

Answer 1

• flexor carpi ulnaris
• flexor carpi radialis
• palmaris longus
• flexor digitorum superficialis
• flexor digitorum profundus
• flexor pollicis longus

Question 2

action of flexor carpi ulnaris?

Answer 2

• flexes the hand at the wrist joint
• when working with extendor carpi ulnaris it produces adduction of the hand at the wrist
• important role in stabilising the pisiform during abduction of the little finger
• as with flexor carpi radialis, ulnaris is an important synergist in extension of the fingers preventing unwanted extension of the wrist

Question 3

action of flexor carpi radialis?

Answer 3

• works with palmaris longus to flex the wrist
• abduction of the wrist is produced by the combination of muscles
• may aid in pronation due to its oblique course in the forearm
• can also help flex the elbow

Question 4

action of palmaris longus?

Answer 4

• weak flexor of the wrist
• due to its attachments to the palmar aponeurosis, it may have some slight action in flexing the MCJ as it tightens the palmar fascia

Question 5

muscles extending the wrist?

Answer 5

• extensor carpi radialis brevis
• extensor carpi radialis longus
• extensor indicis
• extensor digitorum
• extensor digiti minimi
• extensor pollicis longus
• extensor pollicis brevis
• extensor carpi ulnaris

Question 6

action of extensor carpi radialis longus/ brevis?

Answer 6

• extensor of the wrist
• when working with FCR will produce abduction of the wrist
• may also help flex the elbow joint

Question 7

Functional activity of extensor carpi radialis longus/ brevis?

Answer 7

• gripping action, has a synergist role
• by maintaining the wrist in an extended position, flexion of the wrist under the action of FDS/P is prevented
• if the wrist is then allowed to flex the flexor tendons cannot shorten sufficiently to produce effective movement at the IPJ

Question 8

action of extensor carpi ulnaris?

Answer 8

extension of the wrist, when working with FCU and ECU produces adduction of the wrist

Question 9

muscles flexing the fingers?

Answer 9

flexor digitorum superficialis
flexor digitorum profundus
lumbricals
flexor digiti minimi brevis

Question 10

action of flexor digitorum superficialis?

Answer 10

• the primary flexor of the MPJ and proximal IPJ

- As it crosses the wrist it also aids in flexion of the wrist

Question 11

action of flexor digitorum profundus?

Answer 11

• flexion of the distal IPJ

- as it crosses several other joints during its course it also aids in flexion of the proximal IPJ, MCJ and wrist joints

Question 12

action of the lumbricals?

Answer 12

• flex MCJ and extend both IPJ of the corresponding fingers

- e.g. writing

Question 13

action of flexor digiti minimi brevis?

Answer 13

• flexes the MCJ of the little finger

Question 14

muscles flexing the thumb?

Answer 14

• flexor pollicis longus

- flexor pollicis brevis

Question 15

action of flexor pollicis longus?

Answer 15

ONLY flexor of the IPJ of thumb
gripping activities
also flexes the MCJ of the thumb and wrist joint

Question 16

action of flexor pollicus brevis?

Answer 16

flexion of the thumb at the MCJ and CMJ

it continues action tends to produce rotation of the thumb

Question 17

muscles extending the fingers?

Answer 17

• extensor digitorum
• extensor indicis
• lumbricals
• extensor digiti minimi

Question 18

action of extensor digitorum?

Answer 18

• extension of the MCJ of littel finger

- also help extend both IPJ, but the main extenors of these joints are the interossei and lumbricals

Question 19

action of extensor digiti minimi?

Answer 19

• assists in extensor digitorum in extending the MCJ of the little finger
• also aids in wrist extension

Question 20

action of extensor indicis?

Answer 20

• aids in extension of the wrist
• enables the index finger to be used independently
• assists in extensor digitorum in its action with respect to the joints of the index finger

Question 21

muscles extending the thumb?

Answer 21

• extensor pollicis longus

- extensor pollicis brevis

Question 22

action of extensor pollicis longus?

Answer 22

• assists in extension and abduction of the wrist
• once this has been achieved it pulls the first metacarpal into a lateral rotation and abducted position
• In full abduction or extension of the thumb, can act as a adductor
• may contribute slightly in supination, due to its oblique course across the lower part of the forearm

Question 23

action of extensor pollicis brevis?

Answer 23

extends both the CMJ and MCJ of the thumb

also may help in extending an abducting the wrists, particularly against resistance

Question 24

muscles abducting/ adducting/ opposing the thumb?

Answer 24

abductor pollicis longus
abductor pollicis brevis
opponens pollicis
adductor pollicis
palmaris brevis

Question 25

action of abductor pollicis longus?

Answer 25

- puts the thumb into a mid- extended and abducted position | - working with extensors it helps to extend the thumb at the CMJ while the abductor pollicis brevis abducts the thumb

Question 26

action of abductor pollicis brevis?

Answer 26

- abducts the thumb at both the CMJ and MCJ causing it to move anteriorly at the right angles to the palm - in order to achieve this movement, there must be some medial rotation at the CMJ, the remainder at the MCJ - can aid in flexion of the MCJ and extension of the IPJ

Question 27

which muscle is involved with the princer grip action of the thumb?

Answer 27

abductor pollicis brevis

Question 28

action of opponens pollicis?

Answer 28

- opposition where the 1st metacarpal is drawn forwards and towards and medially in an arc towards the fingers - the importance of this action is the tip of the thumb can be brought into contact with the tip of any finger

Question 29

action of palmaris brevis?

Answer 29

- contraction wrinkles on the ulnar side of the skin and produces good grip

Question 30

muscles abducting/ adducting/ opposing the fingers?

Answer 30

- palmar interossei - dorsal interossei - abductor digiti minimi - opponens digiti minimi

Question 31

action of palmar interossei?

Answer 31

- adduct the thumb, index, ring and little finger towards the middle finger - the 1st palmar interossei assists in flexing with the pollicis brevis in flexing the thumb at the MCJ - the 3 remaining interossei, by their attachment to the dorsal digital expansion assist the lumbricals in flexing the MCJ and extending both IPJ

Question 32

action of dorsal interossei?

Answer 32

- abductors of the index middle and ring fingers - The 1st dorsal interossei can rotate the index finger at the MCJ - it also may assist adductor pollicis in adduction of the thumb - assist the lumbricals in producing flexion and extension of the MCJ and IPJ joints respectively

Question 33

action of abductor digiti minimi?

Answer 33

- pulls the little finger away from the ring finger into a position of abduction - also may help flex the MCJ - also may extend the IPJ - plays an important role in grasping a large object with outspread fingers

Question 34

action of opponens digiti minimi?

Answer 34

- pulls the little finger forwards towards the palm and rotates it laterally at the CMJ - This movement deepens the hollow of the hand, and is necessary part of the opposition of the little finger