Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Upper and Lower limb > Hip joint > Flashcards

Hip joint Flashcards

1
Q

muscles extending the hip joint?

A
  • gluteus maximus

- hamstrings (semitendinous, semimembranosus, biceps femoris)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

functional activity of gluteus maximus ?

A
  • powerful extensor of the thigh, especially when the hip is flexed
  • stepping up onto a stool, climbing and running
  • not in walking
  • with the hamstrings it participates in raising the trunk from a flexed position, as in standing upright from a bent forward position
  • controls forward bending movement of the body, as the movement primarily occurs at the hip joint
  • plays a role in balancing the pelvis on the femoral head, thus helping to maintain the upright posture
  • its ability to aid lateral rotation of the femur when standing assists in raising the medial longitudinal arch of the foot
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

paralysis of gluteus maximus?

A

leads to flattening of the buttock and the inability to climb

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

functional activity of the hamstrings?

A
  • flexion of the knee and stabilising effect is very important
  • running
  • first 20m of a sprint
  • contract strongly over 2 joints
  • when in a starting position of a race hamstrings are working their maximum, either to raise the trunk to an upright position, or to hold the trunk in such a position that forwards collapse of the body as a whole is imminent
  • play an important role in the fine balance of the pelvis when standing, particularly when the upper trunk is being moved from vertical
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

muscles abducting the hip joint?

A
  • Gluteus maximus
  • gluteus medius
  • gluteus minimus
  • tensor fascia lata
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

action of gluteus medius?

A
  • pelvis fixed, pulls greater trochanter of the femur upwards
  • as the fulcrum of the movement is at the hip joint, this causes the femoral shaft to move laterally producing abduction
  • fixed pelvis will also allows help with medial rotation of the femur
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

functional activity of gluteus medius

A
  • vital role in walking, running and single weight bearing
  • when the opposite limb is taken off the ground the pelvis on that side would tend to drop through loss of support below
  • works hard to maintain, or even raise the opposite side of the pelvis, allowing the raised limb to be brought forward for the next step
  • produces a rotation of the hip joint when walking and running
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

action of gluteus minimus?

A
  • contraction of its anterior fibres medially rotates the femur
  • it will also, by pulling the front of ilium outwards, swing the opposite side of the pelvis forwards
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

functional activity of gluteus minimus?

A
  • most important role in the support and control of pelvic movements
  • uses its power in walking and running when the opposite limb is off the ground
  • As the limb is swung forward, the pelvis on the same side is also swung forward
  • this uses the hip of the weight bearing limb as the fulcrum of movement, with the gluteus medius and minimus both supporting the pelvis and swinging it forward on the opposite side
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

muscles adducting the hip?

A
  • adductor magnus
  • adductor longus
  • adductor brevis
  • gracilis
  • pectineus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

action of adductor magnus?

A

adductor of the hip
post. portion aids in extension of the hip
together with adductor muscles are important in preventing later overbalance during the support phase of walking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

action of adductor longus?

A

can flex the extended thigh, and extend the flexed thigh

adductor of the thigh

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Action of adductor brevis?

A

adductor of the thigh

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

functional activity of the adductors?

A
  • work strongly when the hip joint is in a neutral position
  • work strongly when the knee and hip are being flexed and extended when weight bearing
  • work strongly during walking, as they pull the supporting leg into adduction, thereby moving the line of gravity over the supporting foot
  • also contribute to the delicate balancing of the pelvis on the hip joint
  • as a group, are used strongly when an object is being held between the knees in a sitting position e.g. on a horse
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

muscles flexing the hip joint?

A 
psoas major
iliacus 
pectineus
rectus femoris
sartorius
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

functional activity of psoas major?

A
  • acts independently on the lumbar spine when its lower end is fixed
  • in sitting up from a lying position, help to pull the weight of the trunk up
17
Q

action of psoas major?

A
  • flexor at the hip joint
  • also flex the lumbar spine
  • usually shows a little activity during either medial or lateral rotation
18
Q

action of iliacus?

A
  • similar to psoas major
  • if its upper attachment is the fixed point it pulls the thigh forwards as in flexion of the hip
  • if the lower attachment is the fixed point it draws the pelvis forward, thus tilting it forwards, being again flexion of the hip but this time the trunk doing the moving
19
Q

functional activity of iliacus?

A
  • used with psoas major in all activities of pulling the lower limb up in front of the trunk as in drawing the lower limb forward in walking, running and jumping
  • it also helps to draw the trunk forward from a lying position to a sitting position
20
Q

action of pectineus?

A

flexes and adducts the hip joint

may also be a medial rotator of the hip joint

21
Q

functional activity of pectineus?

A

contraction of the muscle draws the high inwards and forwards
when the foot is off the ground, as in the swing phase in walking, the axis would still pass through the hip joint, but now would vary considerably according to the position of the thigh and also that of the pelvis

22
Q

muscles medially rotating the hip joint?

A
  • ant part of gluteus medius
  • ant part of gluteus minimus
  • tensor fascia lata
  • psoas major
  • iliacus
23
Q

muscles laterally rotation the hip joint?

A
  • gluteus maximus
  • piriformis
  • obturator internus
  • gemellus superior
  • gemellus inferior
  • quadratus femoris
  • obturator externus
24
Q

action of piriformis?

A

in the anatomical position it is a lateral rotator of the thigh
when seated it abducts
holds the head of the femur in the acetabulum

25
Q

functional activity of piriformis?

A
  • abduction when sitting e.g. moving from one chair to another without standing up
  • moving the legs to the outside of a car in preparation of standing
  • stabilising the pelvis when the trunk is rotated
  • controlling the balance of the pelvis when standing on a moving bus
26
Q

action of obturator internus?

A
  • in the anatomical position it is a lateral rotator of the thigh pulling the greater trochanter backwards using the hip joint as the fulcrum
  • when the hip is flexed to a right angle, it pulls the upper end of the femur medially, and therefor the lower end moves laterally as in abduction
27
Q

functional activity of obturator internus?

A
  • using moving sideways in the seated position
  • swings lower limb sideways, placing limb outside a car
  • balances and controls the stability of the trunk when the seated person is being rocked from side to side
28
Q

action of both gemellus inferior and superior?

A
  • both aid obturator internus in its actions
  • As obturator internus turns around the lesser sciatic notch some of its power is lost, this is compensated by the action of the gemelli
29
Q

action of quadratus femoris?

A
  • in the anatomical position it is a lateral rotator at the hip, but when the hip is flexed, it acts as an adductor of the hip
30
Q

action of quadratus femoris?

A

in the anatomical position laterally rotates the femur
when the hip is flexed it pulls the upper part of the femur medially with the lower part passing laterally, as in abduction

Upper and Lower limb (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions