Wrist and Hand Flashcards
Distal Radioulnar Joint: classification
Structure: synovial
Subtype: pivot
Function: diarthrotic
Axis: uniaxial
Distal Radioulnar Joint: ROM
Pronation 70-90º
Supination 90º
Distal Radioulnar Joint: Resting position
10º supination
Distal Radioulnar Joint: Closed-Pack position
Full supination/pronation
Distal Radioulnar Joint: Capsular Pattern
Supination = Pronation
Distal Radioulnar Joint: Articular surfaces
Distal ulna (convex)
Ulnar notch of radius (concave)
=> Concave on Convex
Distal Radioulnar Joint: Ligaments
Anterior Radioulnar
Posterior Radioulnar
Interosseous membrane
Distal Radioulnar Joint: Joint Mobs
Dorsal glide (increase supination) Volar glide (increase pronation)
Radiocarpal/Ulnomeniscotriquetral Joints: Classification
Structure: synovial
Subtype: condyloid
Function: diarthrotic
Axis: biaxial
RC/UMT Joints: ROM
Flexion: 80º
Extension: 70º
Radial deviation: 20º
Ulnar deviation: 30º
RC/UMT Joints: Resting postion
Slight flexion and ulnar deviation
RC/UMT Joints: Closed pack position
Full extension
RC/UMT Joints: Capsular pattern
Flexion = Extension
RC/UMT Joints: Articular surfaces
Carpals: Convex (lunate and scaphoid –> radius; triquestrum –> ulna)
Distal radius and ulna: Concave
=> convex on concave
RC/UMT Joints: Ligaments
Radial collateral Ulnar collateral Transverse carpal Palmar radiocarpal Intercarpal
RC/UMT Joints: Joint Mob’s
Distraction Dorsal glide (flexion) Volar glide (extension) Radial glide (ulnar deviation) Ulnar glide (radial deviation)
Intercarpal/Midcarpal Joints: Classification
Structure: synovial
Subtype: planar
Function: diarthrotic
Axis: nonaxial
Intercarpal/Midcarpal Joints: ROM
Flexion: 80º
Extension: 70º
Radial deviation: 20º
Ulnar deviation: 30º
Intercarpal/Midcarpal Joints: Resting position
Neutral, or slight flexion and ulnar deviation
Intercarpal/Midcarpal Joints: Closed Pack
Full extension
Intercarpal/Midcarpal Joints: Capsular patern
Flexion=extension
Carpometacarpal Joints: Classification
Digit 1: diarthrotic, synovial, saddle, multiaxial
Digits 2-5: diarthrotic, synovial, planar, nonaxial
Carpometacarpal Joints: ROM
Thumb: Flexion 15º Extension: 20º Abduction 70º Adduction to the plane of the palm Opposition: pad to pad, at head of MC 5 Reposition: return to neutral Digits 2-5: slight gliding
Carpometacarpal Joints: Resting position
midway between flexion and extension and slight ulnar deviation
Carpometacarpal Joints: Capsular patterns
Equal in all directions
Carpometacarpal Joints: Ligaments
Palmar CMC
Dorsal CMC
Interosseous ligaments from capitate to bases of MC 3 & 4
Carpometacarpal Joints: Articular surfaces
Distal articular surfaces of carpals (Convex)
Base of metacarpals (concave)
=> concave on convex
Metacarpal-Phalangeal Joints: Classification
1: diarthrotic, synovial, hinge, uniaxial
2-5: diarthrotic, synovial, condyloid, biaxial
Metacarpal-Phalangeal Joints: ROM
1: Flexion 60º
2-5 Flexion 90º Extension 45º Abduction 20º Adduction 10º
Metacarpal-Phalangeal Joints: Resting position
1: slight flexion
2-5: slight flexion with ulnar deviation
Metacarpal-Phalangeal Joints: Closed pack
1: full extension
2-5: full flexion
Metacarpal-Phalangeal Joints: Capsular Pattern
Flexions > extension
Metacarpal-Phalangeal Joints: Articular surfaces
Heads of the metacarpals (convex)
Bases of phalanges (concave)
=> concave on convex
Metacarpal-Phalangeal Joints: Ligaments
Palmar MCP
Collateral MCP
Interphalangeal Joints: Classification
Function: diarthrotic
Structure: synovial
Subclassification: hinge
Axis: uniaxial
Interphalangeal Joints: ROM
PIP: Flexion 100º Extension 10º
DIP/IP Flexion 80º Extension 10º
Interphalangeal Joints: Resting position
PIPs: 10º flexion
DIPs: 30º flexion
Interphalangeal Joints: Closed packed position
Full extension
Interphalangeal Joints: Capsular pattern
Flexion > extension
Interphalangeal Joints: Articular surfaces
Head of proximal phalanges: (convex)
Base of distal phalanges (concave)
=> concave on convex
Interphalangeal Joints: Ligaments
palmar interphalangeal
collateral interphalangeal
What are the four joints of the wrist?
Radiocarpal
Ulnomeniscotriquetral
Triquetrum-pisiform
Midcarpal
What degree of movement is required in the wrist in order to be considered functional?
10º flexion
35º extensioin