Introduction Flashcards
Joint mobilization
Passive modality that moves a joint through its accessory movements (normally not under voluntary control) to restore pain-free movement.
Used to assess, treat and maintain articular health.
Treat either parallel to treatment plane (glide/slide) or perpendicular (traction and compression)
Joint Play
Movement available when joint is in some degree of loose-pack and can be assessed
Structural classification of joints.
Fibrous
Cartilaginous
Synovial
Functional classification of joints.
Synarthrotic (immovable)
Amphiathrotic (slightly moveable)
Diarthrotic (freely movable)
Types of synovial joints
Planar Hinge Pivot Condyloid/ellipsoid Saddle Ball & socket
Osteokinematic
Gross or physiological movement of a joint (angular, spatial and rotational). Movement of distal bone.
Accompanied through glide/slide
Arthrokinematic
Movements betwee articulating surfaces
Accessory movements
AKA component movements
Particular arthrokinematic movements that occur as one bone moves on another within the joint.
Ex: roll, slide/glide, rotation.
Roll
Accessory movement. Always travels in same direction as bone.
Glide/slide
Accessory movement. Direction is dependent on rule of concave/convex
Spin
Accessory move in which bone rotates on mechanical axis while maintaining constant contact at a particular point.
Treatment plane
Plane superimposed over concave articulating surface of a joint.
Mechanical plane
Perpendicular to treatment plane.
(Dis)traction
Act of pulling articular surfaces apart
Compression
Using mechanical force to press articular surfaces together.
Occurs along mechanical axis.
Close pack position
Position at which articular surfaces are most closely approximates (are congruent).
Involves rotational component.
Peri-articular ligaments tightened
Thou shalt not joint mob.
Loose pack position.
Any non close-pack position.
Laxity in joint allows for arthrokinematic movement.
Resting position
Maximum loose-pack position.
Ideal for joint-play and early treatment.
Joint naturally assumed this position due to synovial effusion.
Ideal joint mob position
Loose pack. Find restriction and back off 10 degrees.
Capsular pattern of restriction.
The characteristic pattern of restriction in PROM seen in a joint that is entirely affected by impairment.
Concave-convex rule
When concave moves of convex: glide happens in same direction as roll. (Humeral-ulnar jt)
When convex moves on concave: glide is in opposite direction as roll. (GH jt)
Purpose of joint mobilization
Restore pain free ROM
Ideal joint play position
Resting position.
Grades of Joint play
Grade I. For acute. Doesn’t meet tissue resistance.
Grade II. Subacute. Just meets tissue resistance.
Grade III. Chronic. Passes first stop/tissue resistance.
Grades of joint mobilization.
Grade I. Acute. Small amplitude. Fast. Performed at beginning of joint play. Nowhere near resistance.
Grade II. Sub-acute. Large amplitude. Slow. Doesn’t meet resistance.
Grade III. Chronic. Large amplitude. Slow. Oscillates through first resistance and back
Grade IV. Chronic. Small amplitude. Fast. Stays in resistance. Short of anatomical limit.
All joint mobilization are performed ______ to the treatment plane.
Parallel.
Planar joint
Synovial diarthrotic
Biaxial
Ex. Naviculocuneiform.
Hinge joint
Synarthrosic diarthrotic
Uniaxial. Flexion/extension
Ex. Humeroulnar
Pivot joint
Synarthrotic diarthrosis
Uniaxial (rotation)
Ex. Radioulnar joint (prox)
Condyloid joint
Synarthrotic diarthrosis
Biaxial. (Flexion/extension, abduction/adduction)
Ex. Radiocarpal joint.
Saddle joint
Synarthrotic diarthrosis
Multiaxial. (Flex/extension, abduction/adduction, rotation)
Ex. Carpalmetacarpal joint #1
Ball and socket
Synarthrotic diarthrosis
Multiaxial.
GH jt.
