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Z MD1 upper limb anatomy > Wrist > Flashcards

Wrist Flashcards

1
Q

bones of the wrist proximal to distal and lateral to medial

A

scaphoid, lunate, triquetral, pisiform, trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate
(some lovers try positions that they cant handle)

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2
Q

is the ulnar medial or lateral?

A

medial

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3
Q

what is a sesamoid bone?

A

bone within a tendon

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4
Q

what is the function of a sesamoid bone

A

help reduce friction and produce a tunnel for proximal structures to pass to the distal region of the bone within a tendon

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5
Q

what is the key forearm bone that is involved in flexion at the wrist

A

radius - ulnar not involved at all - no articulation (opposite to the elbow)

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6
Q

what bone does the radius articulate onto at the wrist

A

scaphoid and lunate

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7
Q

bones of the hand (general)

A

carpals (wrist)
metacarpals
phalanges (proximal, middle and distal)

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8
Q

what is the largest bone in the wrist

A

the capitate bone

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9
Q

what forms the floor of the anatomical snuffbox

A

scaphoid

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10
Q

what is the function of the flexor retinaculum of the wrist

A

holds down the tendons and median nerve - stopping them from bowing upwards

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11
Q

what is carpel tunnel syndrom

A

compression of the median nerve of the wrist

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12
Q

what is the retinaculum of the wrist made up of

A

deep fascia

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13
Q

what are the first and last wrist bones to ossify

A 
first = capitate)
last = pisiform
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14
Q

which bone of the wrist is a sesamoid bone? and which tendon is it within

A

pisiform - within the tendon of the flexor carpi ulnaris

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15
Q

at what age do the bones of the wrist start to ossify

A

first one around 2nd year of birth

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16
Q

2 joints of the wrist

A

radiocarpal (between radius and scaphoid and lunate)

intercarpal/midcarpal

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17
Q

what are the 2 movements at the radiocarpal and which dominates over the other

A

flexion/extension - more flexion

radial/ulnar deviation - more ulnar

18
Q

which bone of the wrist is not involved in the intercarpal joints

A

pisiform

19
Q

which movements of the intercarpal joints dominate over the other?

A

extension>flexion

radial deviation>ulnar

20
Q

what is the main articulation of the intercarpal joints

A

between capitate and scaphoid+lunate

21
Q

which bone of the wrist takes the majority of the force taken in a fall

A

capitate

22
Q

function of the radiocarpal ligaments

A
  • transmit vessels to carpal bones

- prevent the carpal bones from sliding medially

23
Q

are there more palmar or dorsal radiocarpal ligaments

A

palmar

24
Q

what is the arching ligament of the palmar side of the wrist called

A

radio-scapho-lunate ligament

25
Q

what is the only tendon that attaches to the carpals

A

flexor carpi ulnaris

26
Q

where do the tendons that provide flexion and extension bind to

A

the distal bones of the hand (only the flexor carpi ulnaris binds to the carpals)

27
Q

what is the most common fracture of the upper limb

A

distal radius (with clavicle)

28
Q

what is the most frequently fractured carpal bone

A

scaphoid

29
Q

what is the most commonly subluxed bone of the wrist

A

lunate

30
Q

where is the point of fracture usually for the scaphoid bone

A

across the waist

31
Q

what is a consequence of fracturing the scaphoid bone

A

avascular necrosis of the proximal pole of the scaphoid

32
Q

3 main joints of the hand

A

carpometacarpal (of thumb) - saddle
metacarpophalangeal
interphalangeal

33
Q

movements of the metacarpophalangeal joint

A

flexion/extension

abduction/adduction

34
Q

movements of the interphalangeal joints

A

flexion/extension

35
Q

movement of the carpometacarpal joint

A

allows opposition of the thumb

36
Q

function of the deep transverse metacarpal ligament

A

links metacarpals 2-5

37
Q

what is the shape of the condyloid joints

A

convex head of metacarpal with concave base of phalanx

greater articular surface of head of metacarpal compared to phalanx

38
Q

function of the volar plate

A

expands surface area for articulation

39
Q

where are the volar plates

A

at metacarpophalangeal joints and interphalangeal joints

40
Q

what is a Palmar interphalangeal joint injury and what is the outcome

A

site of injury on inferior side of joint - injuring volar plate –> Swan neck deformity

  • -> compensatory flexion of distal phalangeal joint
  • -> hyperextension of medial phalangeal joint
41
Q

what is a dorsal interphalangeal joint injury and what is the coucome

A

injury to dorsal plate (superior side of the joint)

–> compensatory hyperextension of distal phalangeal joint and flexion of medial phalangeal joint

Z MD1 upper limb anatomy (8 decks)

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