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Z MD1 upper limb anatomy > nerves > Flashcards

nerves Flashcards

1
Q

which ramus of the spinal nerve supply the limbs

A

ventral ramus

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2
Q

which spinal nerves contribute to the brachial plexus

A

C5, C6, C7, C8 and T1

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3
Q

what is a prefixed brachial plexus and a post fixed brachial plexus

A

pre - brachial plexus arises a little higher C4-C8

post - brachial plexus arises a little lower C6-8, T1-2

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4
Q

which ventral rami roots contribute to which trunks

A

C5 and 6 form superior trunks
C7 form middle trunk
C8 and T1 form inferior trunk

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5
Q

how do the trunks divide

A

they divide into anterior and posterior divisions

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6
Q

anterior divisions of the brachial trunks go to supply…

A

flexor muscles and the skin overlying them

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7
Q

posterior divisions of the brachial trunks go to supply…

A

extensor muscles and the skin overlying them

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8
Q

what do the divisions of the brachial plexus then divide into and how are they named

A

lateral, posterior and medial cords

named according to their relationship with the axillary arter

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9
Q

which brachial plexus divisions contribute to the lateral cord

A

anterior division of upper trunk and anterior division of middle trunk

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10
Q

which brachial plexus divisions contribute to the medial cord

A

the anterior division of the lower trunk

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11
Q

which brachial plexus divisions contribute to the posterior cord

A

all 3 posterior divisions come together to form the posterior cord

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12
Q

how do you orientate yourself with the terminal branches of the brachial plexus

A

the branch that pierces coracobrachialis is the musculocutaneous nerve (branch of the lateral nerve)

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13
Q

the median nerve arises from…

A

the medial and lateral roots of the medial and lateral cords

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14
Q

the ulnar nerve arises from…

A

the medial cord

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15
Q

which terminal branches of the brachial plexus supply the anterior compartment of the forearm

A

median and ulnar

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16
Q

which terminal branches of the brachial plexus supply the posterior compartment of the arm

A

radial

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17
Q

what are the ventral rami that contribute to the musculocutaneous nerve

A

C5-C7

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18
Q

what is the arrangement of the musculocutaneous nerve running down the arm

A

has biceps above it and coracobrachialis deep to it

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19
Q

which muscles does the musculocutaneous nerve supply

A

biceps
coracobrachialis
brachialis

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20
Q

what happens when the musculocutaneous nerve gets to the elbow

A

finishes with its motor supply
becomes superficial just lateral to the tendon of biceps –> changes its name to the lateral cutaneous nerve of the forearm (supplies skin overlying it)

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21
Q

which ventral rami contribute to the ulnar nerve

A

C8 and T1 and some contribution from C7

22
Q

3 branches of the medial cord

A

ulnar nerve
medial cutaneous nerve of the arm
medial cutaneous nerve of the forearm

23
Q

route of the ulnar nerve

A

descends in the anterior compartment of the arm medial to the artery, and then passes behind the medial epicondyle, between the two heads of of FCU, under the cover of FCU –> passes superificial to the flexor retinaculum –> palm of the hand

24
Q

how can you damage the ulnar nerve

A

fracture of the medial epicondyle

25
Q

which muscles of the upper limb does the ulnar nerve supply

A
  • FCU
  • medial half of FDP
  • hand - splits to supply the superficial and deep neurovascular bundles
26
Q

which dermatome does the ulnar nerve supply

A

the medial one and a half fingers front and back and the corresponding parts of the hand (C8)

27
Q

which cords does the median nerve arise from

A

the medial root of the medial cord and the lateral root of the lateral cord

28
Q

which ventral rami contribute to the median nerve

A

C5, C6, C7, C8 and T1

29
Q

what is the arrangement of structures in the cubital fossa

A

tendon of biceps, brachial artery and then median nerve (most medial)

30
Q

route of median nerve

A

crosses diagonally to the medial side of the artery and then slips beneath the fibrous arch of FDS lying in between the middle of the superficial and deep muscles –> cubital fossa –> straight down the middle of the forearm –> beneath flexor retinaculum

31
Q

which muscles of the forearm does the median nerve supply

A

all of the anterior forearm that werent supplied by the ulnar nerve
- Pt, FCR, PL, FDS, PQ, PL and other half of FDP

32
Q

which muscles of the hand does the median nerve supply

A

only the thenar eminence muscles and the lateral two lumbricals that are associated with the FDP that it supplies

33
Q

which ventral rami contribute to the posterior cord

A

all of them

34
Q

what are the two branches of the posterior cord

A

axillary and radial nerves

35
Q

what is the anatomical relationship between axillary nerve, radial nerve and teres major

A

axillary nerve emerges onto the back of the arm above teres major, while radial nerve emerges below it

36
Q

which ventral rami contribute to the axillary and radial nerves

A

axillary - C5-C6

radial - C5-T1

37
Q

what does the axillary nerve supply

A

deltoid and teres minor

skin on the military badge area

38
Q

what structure does a inferior dislocation of the shoulder joint endanger

A

axillary nerve

39
Q

route of radial nerve

A

emerges onto posterior compartment beneath teres major and then runs diagonally across the posterior aspect of the humerus from medial to lateral and tucks under brachioradialis

40
Q

what fracture endagers the radial nerve

A

fracture to the humerus in the midshaft

41
Q

what does the radial nerve suply

A

the posterior aspect of the whole posterior forearm and the posterior side of the first 3.5 fingers except the nail beds

42
Q

branches of the radial nerve

A

posterior interosseous nerve/deep branch

superficial branch

43
Q

why is your radial nerve not endangered when you fracture your humerus

A

because the radial nerve gives off its branches right after the axilla

44
Q

difference in innervation of the posterior interosseous nerve and the superficial branch of the radial nerve

A

posterior interosseous nerve - supplies posterior muscles

superficial branch - supplies the area of skin on the posterior surface of the hand of the first 3.5 fingers

45
Q

Anteriorly: down the lateral side of your arm… from shoulder, mid shaft and elbow.. which nerves innervate there

A

axillary
radial
musculocutaneous

46
Q

what innervates the anterior medial side of the upper limb

A

medial nerve

47
Q

moving from the shoulder, down the lateral side of the arm and then back up the medial side… what are the ventral rami contributions??

A

C4, C5, C6, C7. C8, T1 and T2

48
Q

ventral rami contributing to flexion and extension at the elbow

A

flexion - C5 and C6

extension - C7 and C8

49
Q

what ventral rami contribute to pronation and supination

A

pronation - C7 and C8

supination - C6

50
Q

what ventral rami contribute to waving (abduction and adduction of wrist)

A

T1

51
Q

what ventral rami contribute to abduction and adduction of the shoulder joint

A

abduction - C5

adduction - C6-8

Z MD1 upper limb anatomy (8 decks)

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