nerves

Question 1

which ramus of the spinal nerve supply the limbs

Answer 1

ventral ramus

Question 2

which spinal nerves contribute to the brachial plexus

Answer 2

C5, C6, C7, C8 and T1

Question 3

what is a prefixed brachial plexus and a post fixed brachial plexus

Answer 3

pre - brachial plexus arises a little higher C4-C8

post - brachial plexus arises a little lower C6-8, T1-2

Question 4

which ventral rami roots contribute to which trunks

Answer 4

C5 and 6 form superior trunks
C7 form middle trunk
C8 and T1 form inferior trunk

Question 5

how do the trunks divide

Answer 5

they divide into anterior and posterior divisions

Question 6

anterior divisions of the brachial trunks go to supply…

Answer 6

flexor muscles and the skin overlying them

Question 7

posterior divisions of the brachial trunks go to supply…

Answer 7

extensor muscles and the skin overlying them

Question 8

what do the divisions of the brachial plexus then divide into and how are they named

Answer 8

lateral, posterior and medial cords

named according to their relationship with the axillary arter

Question 9

which brachial plexus divisions contribute to the lateral cord

Answer 9

anterior division of upper trunk and anterior division of middle trunk

Question 10

which brachial plexus divisions contribute to the medial cord

Answer 10

the anterior division of the lower trunk

Question 11

which brachial plexus divisions contribute to the posterior cord

Answer 11

all 3 posterior divisions come together to form the posterior cord

Question 12

how do you orientate yourself with the terminal branches of the brachial plexus

Answer 12

the branch that pierces coracobrachialis is the musculocutaneous nerve (branch of the lateral nerve)

Question 13

the median nerve arises from…

Answer 13

the medial and lateral roots of the medial and lateral cords

Question 14

the ulnar nerve arises from…

Answer 14

the medial cord

Question 15

which terminal branches of the brachial plexus supply the anterior compartment of the forearm

Answer 15

median and ulnar

Question 16

which terminal branches of the brachial plexus supply the posterior compartment of the arm

Answer 16

radial

Question 17

what are the ventral rami that contribute to the musculocutaneous nerve

Answer 17

C5-C7

Question 18

what is the arrangement of the musculocutaneous nerve running down the arm

Answer 18

has biceps above it and coracobrachialis deep to it

Question 19

which muscles does the musculocutaneous nerve supply

Answer 19

biceps
coracobrachialis
brachialis

Question 20

what happens when the musculocutaneous nerve gets to the elbow

Answer 20

finishes with its motor supply
becomes superficial just lateral to the tendon of biceps –> changes its name to the lateral cutaneous nerve of the forearm (supplies skin overlying it)

Question 21

which ventral rami contribute to the ulnar nerve

Answer 21

C8 and T1 and some contribution from C7

Question 22

3 branches of the medial cord

Answer 22

ulnar nerve
medial cutaneous nerve of the arm
medial cutaneous nerve of the forearm

Question 23

route of the ulnar nerve

Answer 23

descends in the anterior compartment of the arm medial to the artery, and then passes behind the medial epicondyle, between the two heads of of FCU, under the cover of FCU –> passes superificial to the flexor retinaculum –> palm of the hand

Question 24

how can you damage the ulnar nerve

Answer 24

fracture of the medial epicondyle

Question 25

which muscles of the upper limb does the ulnar nerve supply

Answer 25

- FCU - medial half of FDP - hand - splits to supply the superficial and deep neurovascular bundles

Question 26

which dermatome does the ulnar nerve supply

Answer 26

the medial one and a half fingers front and back and the corresponding parts of the hand (C8)

Question 27

which cords does the median nerve arise from

Answer 27

the medial root of the medial cord and the lateral root of the lateral cord

Question 28

which ventral rami contribute to the median nerve

Answer 28

C5, C6, C7, C8 and T1

Question 29

what is the arrangement of structures in the cubital fossa

Answer 29

tendon of biceps, brachial artery and then median nerve (most medial)

Question 30

route of median nerve

Answer 30

crosses diagonally to the medial side of the artery and then slips beneath the fibrous arch of FDS lying in between the middle of the superficial and deep muscles --> cubital fossa --> straight down the middle of the forearm --> beneath flexor retinaculum

Question 31

which muscles of the forearm does the median nerve supply

Answer 31

all of the anterior forearm that werent supplied by the ulnar nerve - Pt, FCR, PL, FDS, PQ, PL and other half of FDP

Question 32

which muscles of the hand does the median nerve supply

Answer 32

only the thenar eminence muscles and the lateral two lumbricals that are associated with the FDP that it supplies

Question 33

which ventral rami contribute to the posterior cord

Answer 33

all of them

Question 34

what are the two branches of the posterior cord

Answer 34

axillary and radial nerves

Question 35

what is the anatomical relationship between axillary nerve, radial nerve and teres major

Answer 35

axillary nerve emerges onto the back of the arm above teres major, while radial nerve emerges below it

Question 36

which ventral rami contribute to the axillary and radial nerves

Answer 36

axillary - C5-C6 | radial - C5-T1

Question 37

what does the axillary nerve supply

Answer 37

deltoid and teres minor | skin on the military badge area

Question 38

what structure does a inferior dislocation of the shoulder joint endanger

Answer 38

axillary nerve

Question 39

route of radial nerve

Answer 39

emerges onto posterior compartment beneath teres major and then runs diagonally across the posterior aspect of the humerus from medial to lateral and tucks under brachioradialis

Question 40

what fracture endagers the radial nerve

Answer 40

fracture to the humerus in the midshaft

Question 41

what does the radial nerve suply

Answer 41

the posterior aspect of the whole posterior forearm and the posterior side of the first 3.5 fingers except the nail beds

Question 42

branches of the radial nerve

Answer 42

posterior interosseous nerve/deep branch | superficial branch

Question 43

why is your radial nerve not endangered when you fracture your humerus

Answer 43

because the radial nerve gives off its branches right after the axilla

Question 44

difference in innervation of the posterior interosseous nerve and the superficial branch of the radial nerve

Answer 44

posterior interosseous nerve - supplies posterior muscles | superficial branch - supplies the area of skin on the posterior surface of the hand of the first 3.5 fingers

Question 45

Anteriorly: down the lateral side of your arm... from shoulder, mid shaft and elbow.. which nerves innervate there

Answer 45

axillary radial musculocutaneous

Question 46

what innervates the anterior medial side of the upper limb

Answer 46

medial nerve

Question 47

moving from the shoulder, down the lateral side of the arm and then back up the medial side... what are the ventral rami contributions??

Answer 47

C4, C5, C6, C7. C8, T1 and T2

Question 48

ventral rami contributing to flexion and extension at the elbow

Answer 48

flexion - C5 and C6 | extension - C7 and C8

Question 49

what ventral rami contribute to pronation and supination

Answer 49

pronation - C7 and C8 | supination - C6

Question 50

what ventral rami contribute to waving (abduction and adduction of wrist)

Answer 50

T1

Question 51

what ventral rami contribute to abduction and adduction of the shoulder joint

Answer 51

abduction - C5 | adduction - C6-8