wounds

Question 1

types of wounds and how many do we have

Answer 1

1. vulnus scissum
2. vulnus contusum
3. v. laceratum
4. v lacero-contusum
5. vulnus morusum
6. v sclopetarium
7. v punctum

Question 2

what is the classifcation of wounds according to contmaination - essay 28

Answer 2

1. clean
2. clean contaminated wounds
3. contaminated
4. infected wounds

Question 3

5 principels of wound treatment

Answer 3

1. hemostasis
2. disinfecting
3. analgesia
4. skin closure
5. dressing and follnw up

Question 4

bite wounds grading

Answer 4

grade 1 - superficial, skin lesion torn skin

grade 2 - deeper, subcutaneous, muscles or muscle

grade 3- necrosis or tissue loss

Question 5

phases of wound healing

Answer 5

depends on the type of wound in general

1. inflammatory phase - signs,
2. proliferative stage - fibroblast (collagen) come in, granulation tissue is forming, wound edges are beginning to contract
3. maturation stage - depends on factor like morbidities, infection - wound is strengthened and scar tissue formed

Question 5

phases of wound healing

Answer 5

depends on the type of wound in general

1. inflammatory phase - signs,
2. proliferative stage - fibroblast (collagen) come in, granulation tissue is forming, wound edges are beginning to contract
3. maturation stage - depends on factor like morbidities, infection - wound is strengthened and scar tissue formed

Question 6

characteristics of surgical woundsvs other wounds

Answer 6

1) clean
2) small scar
3) rapid restoration of tissue strength
4) minimal infection/complication
5) involves re-epiltheliazation only to heal the wound

Question 7

healing by secondary intention features

Answer 7

edges of wound cannot be approximated as there is a lot of dead space in between

• you have excessive loss of tissue

granulation forms to fill in the gap snd slowly the wound will contract appearing smaller due to the collagen fibers

Question 8

zones of burns

Answer 8

1. zone of coagulation - dead
2. zone of stasis- can either surive or die as diminished blood supplu
3. zone of hyperemia - healing begins from here

Question 9

whats the complication you want to avoid in burns

Answer 9

hypovelmia

limb ishcemia - due to compression

Question 10

how do we classify the burns in terms of whats affeted

Answer 10

epidemris

epidermis + dermis divided further into superficial partial thickness and deep partial thickness

epridermins and dermis

skin and sc tissue

Question 11

1st degree burn

Answer 11

just the dermis its described as a dry surface and treatment is nn surgical all you will have is redness and pain but no bisters

Question 12

second degree

Answer 12

you can have a blister in both categories but it’s more associated with the superficial one

Question 13

which burn is blister absent

Answer 13

3rd degree and 1st degree and usuallly 2nd degree(deep) and 4th degree

Question 14

which burns has svere pain

Answer 14

1st degree
2nd degree superficial

Question 15

which burns have no pain

Answer 15

3rd degree and 4th

Question 16

which burns have no pain

Answer 16

3rd degree and 4th

Question 17

which burns is capillary refil present

Answer 17

1st degree and second

1. very quickly
2. slowly

Question 18

managment of burns

Answer 18

elevate - reduces pain and swelling

topical silver sulfadiazine (deep burns to reduce infection)

eschartomy- performed for circumferential full thickness burns to the chest that will limit the expansion of the chest. patient may need a fascitomy to quicly relive the pressure

skin graft

Question 19

9 % rule

Answer 19

the chest - 9%
each hand - 9%
genitals- 1%
upper back 9
full leg - 18
lower back 9

Question 20

things to be mindful off when you have a burn patient

Answer 20

1. AIRWAY IS SECURE
2. LOOSING FLUIDS
3. PAIN MANAGMENT

Question 21

why would you be worried about the airway in burns

Answer 21

due to smoke inhalation it can cause edema of the airways leading to upper airway obstruction so patients should be intubated promptly

Question 21

why would you be worried about the airway in burns

Answer 21

due to smoke inhalation it can cause edema of the airways leading to upper airway obstruction so patients should be intubated promptly

Question 22

how do you calculate how much fluid to give in burns

Answer 22

parkland formula

• % of burn
• patients weight

Question 23

partial thickness burn vs full

Answer 23

Partial-thickness burns involve the epidermis and portions of the dermis. Full-thickness burns extend through and destroy all layers of the dermis.

Question 24

what’s the difference in appearance between superficial dermal and deep dermal

Answer 24

superficial: blister, blanches and refils, pinkish , more painful sensate

deep : (blister sometimes) - does not blanch , blotchy red , insensate

Question 25

signs of inhaltional Dinosaur confusion due to carbon monoxide inhalation and finding it difficult to breathe strider or hoarseness of voice or signs of an impending area destruction and require immediate information

Answer 25

singed nasal hair
burns to the face
blisters on upper palate
sooty sputum
Dinosaur confusion due to carbon monoxide inhalation and finding it difficult to breathe strider or hoarseness of voice or signs of an impending area destruction and require immediate information

Question 26

full thickness

Answer 26

white or charred,leathery , insensate, no blanch

Question 27

management of cellulitis

Answer 27

1. bloods
2. skin swab
3. oral/IV ab’s depending on severity
4. demarcate the border so you can see if it grows rapidly or not
5. elevate if possible

Question 27

management of cellulitis

Answer 27

1. bloods
2. skin swab
3. oral/IV ab’s depending on severity
4. demarcate the border so you can see if it grows rapidly or not
5. elevate if possible

Question 28

signs of cellulits

Answer 28

5 signs of inflammation
poor demarcation
systemic symptoms, feverr, malaise , lyphadenopathy